Refrigerators (PA Technology)

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Name of technology example: Type
Refrigerators Energy Efficiency
☐ Renewable Energy
☐ Alternative Methodology
Description A refrigerator (colloquially fridge) is a common household appliance that consists of a thermally insulated compartment and a heat pump (mechanical, electronic, or chemical) that transfers heat from the inside of the fridge to its external environment so that the inside of the fridge is cooled to a temperature below the ambient temperature of the room. Refrigeration is an essential food storage technique in developed countries. Lower temperatures in a confined volume lowers the reproduction rate of bacteria, so the refrigerator reduces the rate of spoilage.

Electrical refrigerators are available for low voltage power supply (12 or 24 VDC), designed for the decentralized application with photovoltaics.

Technology for the Application of
Solar ☐ Biomass ☐ Biofuel
☐ Biogas Wind ☐ Geo-Thermal
☐ Hydro ☐ Energy Efficiency
☐ Other: /
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Steps
☐ Mechanization ☐ Efficiency of Operation Processing
☐ Transportation ☐ Controlled Atmosphere ☐ Controlled Temperature
☐ Mechanical Sorting ☐ Preservation
☐ Other: /
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Activities
☐ Grinding ☐ Hauling and conveying ☐ Sorting
☐ Seedbed Preparation ☐ Milling ☐ Tearing
☐ Planting ☐ Washing ☐ Mixing
☐ Pumping ☐ Heating ☐ Drying
☐ Irrigation Cooling ☐ Animal feeding
☐ Fertilizing ☐ Venting ☐ Animal health and Welfare
☐ Pest Management ☐ Lighting ☐ Packing and branding
☐ Cutting ☐ Sanitation
☐ Other: /
Primarily Implemented in the following Commodity Groups
☐ Cereals ☐ Fruits and vegetables ☐ Nuts and berries
☐ Forage ☐ Dairy products ☐ Meat products
☐ Oil Seeds ☐ Roots and Tubers ☐ Eggs
☐ Pulses ☐ Fiber Crops ☐ Forestry
☐ Sugars ☐ Stimulants ☐ Spices
Other: All commodity groups with refrigeration requirements
Region & Country of
Development
Worldwide

Africa
South Asia
East Asia & The Pacific
Europe & Central Asia
Latin America & The Caribbean
Middle East & North Africa
North America
☐ N/A: /
Region & Country of
Current Deployment
Worldwide

Africa
South Asia
East Asia & The Pacific
Europe & Central Asia
Latin America & The Caribbean
Middle East & North Africa
North America
☐ N/A: /
Region & Country of
Potential Deployment
Worldwide

Africa
South Asia
East Asia & The Pacific
Europe & Central Asia
Latin America & The Caribbean
Middle East & North Africa
North America
☐ N/A: /
Manufacturers Sundanzer, Dometic, Novakool, Crystal Cold, Sunfrost
Economics Prices are relatively high;
Technology Development Level Worldwide use; Decentralized applications in boats, caravans and off-grid;
Required Maintenance Technical Level Medium: Technology to be maintained through its life cycle requires less common tools and/or training is required for maintenance; Repairing of the refrigerant cycle requires special tools and trained people;
Required Infrastructure for Deployment Further development of sales and distribution as well as technical support structures;
Required Resources during manufacture Metals, plastics, chemicals, electronics;
Required Resources during operation Refrigerant, electricity;
Deployment
Level
Worldwide use;
Deployment Capability and Potential The technology can be widely deployed limited only by education;
Requirements for Deployment Education, local manufacturing, sales and distribution as well as technical support structures;
Relevance for Autonomy and Food Security Energy independent: operates with onsite renewables, requires supporting tech and services
Environment Impacts (emissions) Low: no direct emissions but indirect emissions; Risk of release of refrigerant;
Conformity with Bio- Cybernetic System Rules
Additional information / Comments No comments.
Internal Reference
Additional Links

http://www.sundanzer.com/

http://www.sunfrost.com/refrigerators_main.html

http://www.backwoodssolar.com/products/appliances-home-goods/refrigerators-freezers

http://www.solartown.com/store/catalog/solar-fridges-and-freezers/

"Energy Efficiency," is not in the list (Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Alternative Methodology) of allowed values for the "PAT Type" property.