Gender Aspects in Agriculture - Revision history

Lisafeldmann at 10:34, 11 June 2024

2024-06-11T10:34:05Z

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Ranisha at 09:02, 12 March 2021

2021-03-12T09:02:03Z

Lilia Maximova: /* Introduction */

2021-02-22T07:03:34Z

Introduction

Lilia Maximova at 15:38, 17 February 2021

2021-02-17T15:38:34Z

Lilia Maximova at 15:36, 17 February 2021

2021-02-17T15:36:58Z

Lilia Maximova at 12:05, 16 February 2021

2021-02-16T12:05:31Z

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Lilia Maximova: /* Solar-powered irrigation pumps benefit female smallholder farmers */

2021-02-16T12:01:26Z

Solar-powered irrigation pumps benefit female smallholder farmers

Lilia Maximova: /* Empowering women from marginalized areas around the Lake Victoria region through climate smart technologies for sustainable livelihoods */

2021-02-16T11:57:27Z

Empowering women from marginalized areas around the Lake Victoria region through climate smart technologies for sustainable livelihoods

Lilia Maximova: /* Solar power saving delivering women’s lives in maternal health facilities */

2021-02-16T11:55:52Z

Solar power saving delivering women’s lives in maternal health facilities

Lilia Maximova: /* Publication and Tools */

2021-02-16T11:51:18Z

Publication and Tools

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	<span class="link3">[[Aspects de genre dans l'agriculture\|►French Version]]</span><br/>{{Back to PA portal2}}		<span class="link3">[[Aspects de genre dans l'agriculture\|►French Version]]</span><br/>{{Back to PA portal2}}

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		+	[[Category:Gender]]
		+	[[Category:Water-Energy-Food_Nexus]]
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 <span class="link3">[[Aspects de genre dans l'agriculture|►French Version]]</span><br/>{{Back to PA portal2}}
 = <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173); background-color: initial; font-size: 21.76px;">Introduction</span><br/> =
-<span class="link3">Agriculture employs over 40 percent of the labour force in many countries in Asia and the Pacific as well as over 60 percent of workforce in most of sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name="International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. (2020a). Employment in agriculture (% of total employment). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS.">International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. (2020a). Employment in agriculture (% of total employment). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS.</ref> <span lang="en-us">In some countries in Asia over 60 percent of women are employed in agriculture and over 70 per cent in some sub-Saharan African countries.<ref name="International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. (2020b). Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.FE.ZS?view=map.">International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. (2020b). Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.FE.ZS?view=map.</ref>&nbsp;</span><span lang="en-us"><span lang="en-us">The role of gender within the agriculture and energy nexus is complex and context specific. However, in many developing countries women face similar challenges such as limited access to land, capital and, therefore, to agricultural inputs, i.e. seeds, fertilizers or technology. Enhancing women’s access to vital agricultural inputs such as irrigation technology can substantially boost their agricultural productivity and incomes. Improved access to energy services and technology for women is necessary to translate the benefits of access to electricity into wellbeing outcomes.<ref name="ENERGIA. (2020a). The role of appliances in achieving gender equality and energy access for all. The ENERGIA Gender and Energy Research Programme. Policy Brief #4. Retrieved from https://www.energia.org/cm2/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PolicyBrief4_The-role-of-appliances-gender-equality-energy-access-for-all_FINAL.pdf.">ENERGIA. (2020a). The role of appliances in achieving gender equality and energy access for all. The ENERGIA Gender and Energy Research Programme. Policy Brief #4. Retrieved from https://www.energia.org/cm2/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PolicyBrief4_The-role-of-appliances-gender-equality-energy-access-for-all_FINAL.pdf.</ref> Access to such energy services as refrigeration, water pumping and irrigation is crucial for generating benefits of productive uses of electricity for women. Solar pumps and irrigation and clean cooking fuels and technology can reduce drudgery and time involved in household and agricultural activities, and, thus, enhance access to income-generating opportunities and improve decision-making power of women.&nbsp;</span><span class="link3">[[The Role of Gender in the Energy and Agriculture Nexus|Read more…]]</span></span></span>
+<span class="link3">Agriculture employs over 40 percent of the labour force in many countries in Asia and the Pacific as well as over 60 percent of workforce in most of sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name="International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. (2020a). Employment in agriculture (% of total employment). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS.">International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. (2020a). Employment in agriculture (% of total employment). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS.</ref> <span lang="en-us">In some countries in Asia over 60 percent of women are employed in agriculture and over 70 per cent in some sub-Saharan African countries.<ref name="International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. (2020b). Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.FE.ZS?view=map.">International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. (2020b). Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment). Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.FE.ZS?view=map.</ref>&nbsp;</span><span lang="en-us"><span lang="en-us">The role of gender within the agriculture and energy nexus is complex and context-specific. However, in many developing countries women face similar challenges such as limited access to land, capital and, therefore, to agricultural inputs, i.e. seeds, fertilizers or technology. Enhancing women’s access to vital agricultural inputs such as irrigation technology can substantially boost their agricultural productivity and incomes. Improved access to energy services and technology for women is necessary to translate the benefits of access to electricity into wellbeing outcomes.<ref name="ENERGIA. (2020a). The role of appliances in achieving gender equality and energy access for all. The ENERGIA Gender and Energy Research Programme. Policy Brief #4. Retrieved from https://www.energia.org/cm2/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PolicyBrief4_The-role-of-appliances-gender-equality-energy-access-for-all_FINAL.pdf.">ENERGIA. (2020a). The role of appliances in achieving gender equality and energy access for all. The ENERGIA Gender and Energy Research Programme. Policy Brief #4. Retrieved from https://www.energia.org/cm2/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PolicyBrief4_The-role-of-appliances-gender-equality-energy-access-for-all_FINAL.pdf.</ref> Access to such energy services as refrigeration, water pumping and irrigation is crucial for generating benefits of productive uses of electricity for women. Solar pumps and irrigation and clean cooking fuels and technology can reduce drudgery and time involved in household and agricultural activities, and, thus, enhance access to income-generating opportunities and improve decision-making power of women.&nbsp;</span><span class="link3">[[The Role of Gender in the Energy and Agriculture Nexus|Read more…]]</span></span></span>
 = <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Challenges</span> =

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	= <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173); background-color: initial; font-size: 21.76px;">Introduction</span><br/> =		= <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173); background-color: initial; font-size: 21.76px;">Introduction</span><br/> =

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		+	<span class="link3">[[Aspects de genre dans l'agriculture\|►French Version]]</span><br/><br/>

	= <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173); background-color: initial; font-size: 21.76px;">Introduction</span><br/> =		= <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173); background-color: initial; font-size: 21.76px;">Introduction</span><br/> =

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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Solar-powered irrigation pumps benefit female smallholder farmers</span><br/> ==
-Women are often responsible for watering agricultural fields. To help to reduce the need to haul water for irrigation manually, an NGO called International Development Enterprises (iDE) designs and develops low-cost technologies for water supply and irrigation, run by renewable energy together with another NGO called PRACTICA Foundation in&nbsp;<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.6px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700; color: rgb(32, 41, 69); font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">low- and middle-income countries&nbsp;(</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">LMIC).</span>
+Women are often responsible for watering agricultural fields. To help to reduce the need to haul water for irrigation manually, an NGO called [https://www.ideglobal.org/ International Development Enterprises (iDE)] designs and develops low-cost technologies for water supply and irrigation, run by renewable energy together with another NGO&nbsp;[https://www.practica.org/ PRACTICA Foundation] in low- and middle-income countires (<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">LMIC).</span>
 iDE supports agricultural cooperatives headed by woman in its Nepal and Honduras sites. The organization recruited female farm business advisors for its Zambia pilot tests to teach&nbsp;<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">female smallholders</span> the best irrigation practices. The use of the pumps increased the farmers’ yields and income.&nbsp;iDE reaches women through organized women’s groups serving as platforms through which women can engage with local products and services.&nbsp;'''[https://www.ideglobal.org/ Read more…]'''
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Empowering women from marginalized areas around the Lake Victoria region through climate smart technologies for sustainable livelihoods</span><br/> ==
-A community-based organization, Wised Kenya, aims to empower women and girls around the Lake Victoria region by raising their engagement in sustainable enterprises and economic development. It focusses on green energy enterprises and organic farming technologies. The oranization gives women and girls training to improve their entrepreneurship, leadership and advocacy skills. '''[http://wise-kenya.org/ Read more]…'''
+A community-based organization, [https://wise-kenya.org/ Wise Kenya], aims to empower women and girls around the Lake Victoria region by raising their engagement in sustainable enterprises and economic development. It focusses on green energy enterprises and organic farming technologies. The oranization gives women and girls training to improve their entrepreneurship, leadership and advocacy skills. '''[http://wise-kenya.org/ Read more]…'''
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Solar power saving delivering women’s lives in maternal health facilities</span><br/> ==
-In Zimbabwe power outages force women to deliver by candlelight. Power blackouts threaten to worsen maternal mortality rates, which is estimates at 651 deaths per 100,000 live births. According to UNICEF, sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia account for 86 percent of maternal deaths worldwide. [https://wecaresolar.org/ We Care Solar], and the [https://www.undp.org/ United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)] are working with the government in Zimbabwe to install solar power systems in clinics and hospitals nationwide. More than 4,000 health centers have been equipped with solar technology in Asia and Africa. UNDP and the health ministry have partnered on a Solar For Health Project and installed solar systems at 405 institutions across the country to ensure uninterrupted power, including at maternity wards. And during the last three years 136 maternal health facilities&nbsp;<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">in Zimbabwe&nbsp;</span>have been equipped with reliable lighting and electricity with the help of We Care Solar. '''[https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/zimbabwe-power-outages-force-women-deliver-candlelight-191104190630387.html Read more…]'''
+In Zimbabwe power outages force women to deliver by candlelight. Power blackouts threaten to worsen maternal mortality rates, which is estimates at 651 deaths per 100,000 live births. According to [https://www.unicef.org/ UNICEF], sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia account for 86 percent of maternal deaths worldwide. [https://wecaresolar.org/ We Care Solar], and the [https://www.undp.org/ United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)] are working with the government in Zimbabwe to install solar power systems in clinics and hospitals nationwide. More than 4,000 health centers have been equipped with solar technology in Asia and Africa. UNDP and the health ministry have partnered on a [https://www.undp-capacitydevelopment-health.org/en/capacities/focus/solar-for-health/ Solar For Health Project] and installed solar systems at 405 institutions across the country to ensure uninterrupted power, including at maternity wards. And during the last three years 136 maternal health facilities&nbsp;<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">in Zimbabwe&nbsp;</span>have been equipped with reliable lighting and electricity with the help of We Care Solar. '''[https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/zimbabwe-power-outages-force-women-deliver-candlelight-191104190630387.html Read more…]'''
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Gender and Water</span> ==
-In November 2012, IFAD published a report to examine the impact of water projects addressing women and their role in water resource management. The study presents the lessons leant from the IFAD-supported water projects in promoting women’s participation in decision-making for water management. The report gives an overview of approaches to improve women’s access to and participation in water resource management.&nbsp;'''[https://www.ifad.org/documents/38714170/39135645/Gender+and+Water+-+Security+water+for+rural+livelihoods_the+multiple-uses+system+approach/0b3d7bac-c073-4e8f-8424-2d0473b7d226 Read more…]'''
+In November 2012, [https://www.ifad.org/en/ IFAD] published a report to examine the impact of water projects addressing women and their role in water resource management. The study presents the lessons leant from the IFAD-supported water projects in promoting women’s participation in decision-making for water management. The report gives an overview of approaches to improve women’s access to and participation in water resource management.&nbsp;'''[https://www.ifad.org/documents/38714170/39135645/Gender+and+Water+-+Security+water+for+rural+livelihoods_the+multiple-uses+system+approach/0b3d7bac-c073-4e8f-8424-2d0473b7d226 Read more…]'''
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Gender Toolbox</span> ==
-Sida's Gender Toolbox provides knowledge, tools and inspiration on how to operationalize gender equality in development cooperation. A solid knowledge and method base is more important than ever due to an increased focus on gender equality in global development cooperation. The Gender Toolbox includes three different kinds of materials: Tools, Briefs and Thematic Overviews. The development context is constantly changing, and new priorities arise. '''[https://www.sida.se/English/partners/methods-materials/gender-tool-box/?id=138563 Read more…]'''
+[https://www.sida.se/en Sida]'s Gender Toolbox provides knowledge, tools and inspiration on how to operationalize gender equality in development cooperation. A solid knowledge and method base is more important than ever due to an increased focus on gender equality in global development cooperation. The Gender Toolbox includes three different kinds of materials: Tools, Briefs and Thematic Overviews. The development context is constantly changing, and new priorities arise. '''[https://www.sida.se/English/partners/methods-materials/gender-tool-box/?id=138563 Read more…]'''
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Aquastat</span> ==
-Since 2015, FAO's global water information system AQUASTAT has been adding sections on women and irrigation when updating country profiles. Sex-disaggregated data on agricultural water management is generally unavailable at the national level, and AQUASTAT aims to build on existing information to further develop key gender-related variables for inclusion in the database. '''[http://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/ Read more…]'''
+Since 2015, [http://www.fao.org/home/en/ FAO]'s global water information system [http://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/ AQUASTAT] has been adding sections on women and irrigation when updating country profiles. Sex-disaggregated data on agricultural water management is generally unavailable at the national level, and AQUASTAT aims to build on existing information to further develop key gender-related variables for inclusion in the database. '''[http://www.fao.org/aquastat/en/ Read more…]'''
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Developing Gender-Sensitive Value Chains: Guidelines for Practitioners</span> ==
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+<br/>
 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">The Gender in Agriculture Sourcebook</span> ==
-The Gender in Agriculture Sourcebook is part of The World Bank’s Agriculture and Rural Development publication series presenting recent analyses of issues that affect agriculture’s role as a source of economic development, rural livelihoods, and environmental services. The Sourcebook is the outcome of joint planning, continued interest in gender and agriculture, and concerted efforts by the World Bank, FAO, and IFAD. The purpose of the Sourcebook is to act as a guide for practitioners and technical staff in addressing gender issues and integrating gender-responsive actions in the design and implementation of agricultural projects and programs. '''[http://www.fao.org/3/aj288e/aj288e.pdf Read more…]'''<br/>
+The Gender in Agriculture Sourcebook is part of [https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/knowledge-for-change/brief/agriculture-and-rural-development The World Bank’s Agriculture and Rural Development] publication series presenting recent analyses of issues that affect agriculture’s role as a source of economic development, rural livelihoods, and environmental services. The Sourcebook is the outcome of joint planning, continued interest in gender and agriculture, and concerted efforts by the [https://www.worldbank.org/en/home World Bank], [http://www.fao.org/home/en/ FAO], and [https://www.ifad.org/en/ IFAD]. The purpose of the Sourcebook is to act as a guide for practitioners and technical staff in addressing gender issues and integrating gender-responsive actions in the design and implementation of agricultural projects and programs. '''[http://www.fao.org/3/aj288e/aj288e.pdf Read more…]'''<br/>
 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Renewable Energy: A Gender Perspective</span> ==
-Renewable energy employs about 32% women, compared to 22% in the energy sector overall. Still, within renewables, women’s participation in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) jobs is far lower than in administrative jobs. This report from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) examines the question of gender equity throughout sector. Building on a groundbreaking survey of employees, companies and institutions, it finds that much remains to be done to boost women’s participation and allow their talents to be fully utilized. IRENA estimates that the number of jobs in renewables could increase from 10.3 million in 2017 to nearly 29 million in 2050. The ongoing global energy transition offers the chance to create new jobs and reshape all aspects of how energy is produced and distributed. Renewables offer diverse opportunities along the value chain, requiring different skillsets. But these opportunities should be equally accessible, and the benefits equitably distributed, as the report argues.&nbsp;'''[https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Jan/Renewable-Energy-A-Gender-Perspective Read more…]'''
+Renewable energy employs about 32% women, compared to 22% in the energy sector overall. Still, within renewables, women’s participation in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) jobs is far lower than in administrative jobs. This report from the [https://www.irena.org/ International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)] examines the question of gender equity throughout sector. Building on a groundbreaking survey of employees, companies and institutions, it finds that much remains to be done to boost women’s participation and allow their talents to be fully utilized. IRENA estimates that the number of jobs in renewables could increase from 10.3 million in 2017 to nearly 29 million in 2050. The ongoing global energy transition offers the chance to create new jobs and reshape all aspects of how energy is produced and distributed. Renewables offer diverse opportunities along the value chain, requiring different skillsets. But these opportunities should be equally accessible, and the benefits equitably distributed, as the report argues.&nbsp;'''[https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Jan/Renewable-Energy-A-Gender-Perspective Read more…]'''
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Capacity development for solar-powered irrigation</span> ==
-The article published by the international journal Rural 21 emphasises the role of capacity development in the solar-powered irrigation and shares the experience of the Powering Agriculture and its partners in applying comprehensive training approach in Kenya and making women champions of solar technologies.&nbsp;'''[https://www.rural21.com/english/current-issue/detail/article/capacity-development-for-solar-powered-irrigation.html Read more…]'''
+The article published by the international journal [https://www.rural21.com/english/home.html Rural 21] emphasises the role of capacity development in the solar-powered irrigation and shares the experience of the Powering Agriculture Initiative and its partners in applying comprehensive training approach in Kenya and making women champions of solar technologies.&nbsp;'''[https://www.rural21.com/english/current-issue/detail/article/capacity-development-for-solar-powered-irrigation.html Read more…]'''
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">The Intervention Guide for the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI)</span> ==
-[http://weai.ifpri.info/2018/03/30/measuring-progress-toward-empowerment-womens-empowerment-in-agriculture-index/ The Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI)] is a joint effort of the [https://www.ifpri.org/ International Food Policy Research Institute] (IFPRI), the [https://ophi.org.uk/ Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative] (OPHI), and USAID under the [https://www.feedthefuture.gov/ US Feed the Future Initiative]. Is the first comprehensive and standardized measure of women’s empowerment and inclusion in the agricultural sector. Launched in 2012, the index aims to increase understanding of the linkages between women’s empowerment, agricultural productivity, and food security. By doing so, it helps to diagnose empowerment gaps, identify and prioritize interventions to close these gaps, and test the effectiveness of these interventions. '''[http://weai.ifpri.info/2018/03/30/measuring-progress-toward-empowerment-womens-empowerment-in-agriculture-index/ Read more…]'''
+[http://weai.ifpri.info/2018/03/30/measuring-progress-toward-empowerment-womens-empowerment-in-agriculture-index/ The Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI)] is a joint effort of the [https://www.ifpri.org/ International Food Policy Research Institute] (IFPRI), the [https://ophi.org.uk/ Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative] (OPHI), and [https://www.usaid.gov/ USAID]&nbsp;under the [https://www.feedthefuture.gov/ US Feed the Future Initiative]. Is the first comprehensive and standardized measure of women’s empowerment and inclusion in the agricultural sector. Launched in 2012, the index aims to increase understanding of the linkages between women’s empowerment, agricultural productivity, and food security. By doing so, it helps to diagnose empowerment gaps, identify and prioritize interventions to close these gaps, and test the effectiveness of these interventions. '''[http://weai.ifpri.info/2018/03/30/measuring-progress-toward-empowerment-womens-empowerment-in-agriculture-index/ Read more…]'''
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+<br/>
 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">2019 Annual Trends and Outlook Report "Gender Equality in rural Africa: From Commitments to Outcomes"</span> ==
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 == <span style="color: rgb(0, 163, 173);">Gender Integration Summary Report 2016</span> ==
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 = <font color="#00a3ad">References</font><br/> =
 <references /><br/>