Net Metering - Revision history

Lisafeldmann at 10:00, 12 March 2024

2024-03-12T10:00:01Z

Peter Krenz: /* How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied */

2017-11-24T12:24:08Z

How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied

Peter Krenz: /* How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied */

2017-11-24T12:23:25Z

How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied

Muhammad Saeed: /* How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied */

2016-05-02T13:20:10Z

How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied

Muhammad Saeed: /* Overview */

2016-05-02T12:52:13Z

Overview

Ranisha: /* How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied */

2015-09-03T07:40:45Z

How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied

Ranisha: /* How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied */

2015-09-03T07:22:52Z

How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied

Ranisha: /* How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied */

2015-09-03T07:14:03Z

How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied

Nadia Combariza: /* GIZ Experience with Net Metering */

2015-09-02T13:12:26Z

GIZ Experience with Net Metering

Ranisha at 07:17, 28 January 2015

2015-01-28T07:17:21Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-= Overview<br/> =
+== Overview ==
 <u>Net-metering is:</u><br/>
@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
-= How does net metering work?<br/> =
+== How does net metering work? ==
 Net metering means that both the electricity produced and consumed by a household or investor is measured. The prerequisite for net metering is economic viability of the net-metered electricity source compared to the grid price. This is also referred to as ''grid parity, ''a situation where it is cheaper to produce one's own electricity than to buy it from the national utility.
@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
-= How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied<br/> =
+== How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied ==
 Net metering has been successfully implemented in both developed and developing countries.
@@ Line 340: / Line 340: @@
-= Pro's and Con's of Net Metering<br/> =
+== Pro's and Con's of Net Metering ==
 <u>There are two cases to be made for applying net-metering in developing countries:</u>
@@ Line 382: / Line 382: @@
-= Success Factors for Net Metering =
+== Success Factors for Net Metering ==
 *'''Policy: '''net metering should form part of overall policy and planning, providing clear market signals.The policy should therefore be detailed, transparent and publicly available.
@@ Line 393: / Line 393: @@
-= GIZ Experience with Net Metering<br/> =
+== GIZ Experience with Net Metering ==
 ► [http://www.giz.de/en/ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)]
@@ Line 404: / Line 404: @@
-= Further Information<br/> =
+== Further Information ==
 *[[Portal:Grid|Grid Portal on energypedia]]<br/>
@@ Line 412: / Line 412: @@
 <br/>
-= References =
+== References ==
 <references /><br/>

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 </div>
 <br/>
@@ Line 192: / Line 193: @@
+|
 MW<br/>
 | <br/>

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 </div>
 <br/>
@@ Line 52: / Line 53: @@
 <u>The following table provides an overview of countries where net metering policies are currently in use:</u><ref>REN21, 2012. "Renewables 2012 Global Status Report", REN21 Secretariat, Paris</ref>
-{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="center" style="font-size: 14px; width: 800px"
+{| align="center" style="width: 800px; font-size: 14px;" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"
 |-
+|
@@ Line 73: / Line 74: @@
 |-
-| colspan="6" | <p style="text-align: center">'''''HIGH INCOME COUNTRIES'''''</p>
+| colspan="6" | <p style="text-align: center;">'''''HIGH INCOME COUNTRIES'''''</p>
 |-
+|
@@ Line 179: / Line 180: @@
 | [http://www.minenergia.cl/ley20571/ Minenergia]
 |-
-| colspan="6" | <p style="text-align: center">'''''UPPER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES'''''</p>
+| colspan="6" | <p style="text-align: center;">'''''UPPER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES'''''</p>
 |-
+|
-<span style="line-height: 1.5em">[[Brazil Energy Situation|Brazil]]</span><br/>
+<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">[[Brazil Energy Situation|Brazil]]</span><br/>
+|
-<span style="line-height: 1.5em">2012</span>
+<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">2012</span>
+|
-<span style="line-height: 1.5em">Hydraulic, Solar, Wind, Biomass, Cogeneration</span>
+<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Hydraulic, Solar, Wind, Biomass, Cogeneration</span>
+|
-≤ 1MW
+MW<br/>
 | <br/>
@@ Line 255: / Line 256: @@
 |-
-| colspan="6" | <p style="text-align: center">'''''LOWER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES'''''</p>
+| colspan="6" | <p style="text-align: center;">'''''LOWER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES'''''</p>
 |-
+|
@@ Line 273: / Line 274: @@
 | Up to 1 MW
 | &nbsp;?
-| [[:File:NEPRA_(Alternative_&_Renewable_Energy)_Distributed_Generation_and_Net_Metering_Regulations,_2015.PDF|Net Metering Regulations]]
+| [[:File:NEPRA (Alternative & Renewable Energy) Distributed Generation and Net Metering Regulations, 2015.PDF|Net Metering Regulations]]
 |-
+|
@@ Line 304: / Line 305: @@
 <u>Net metering is also being developed and piloted in the following low-income countries:</u>
-{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="center" style="width: 800px; font-size: 14px"
+{| align="center" style="width: 800px; font-size: 14px;" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"
 |-
+|

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 </div>
 <br/>
@@ Line 268: / Line 269: @@
 [[Pakistan Energy Situation|Pakistan]]<br/>
-| 2006
+| 2015
-| All Renewable Energy policies
+| Distributed Generation and Net Metering Regulations, 2015<br/>
-| 1 MW
+| Up to 1 MW
 | &nbsp;?
-| [http://www.scribd.com/doc/93387083/33/Net-Metering GoP]
+| [[:File:NEPRA_(Alternative_&_Renewable_Energy)_Distributed_Generation_and_Net_Metering_Regulations,_2015.PDF|Net Metering Regulations]]
 |-
+|

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Overview<br/> =
 <u>Net-metering is:</u><br/>
-*a regulatory model that allows electricity producers to "store“ surplus electricity from variable energy sources in the national / regional / local [[Portal:Grid|grid]], and use the "stored“ electricity to balance out deficit, allowing households / investors to meet their own electricity demand with their own production<ref>Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) http://www.dsireusa.org/solar/solarpolicyguide/?id=17</ref>.<br/>
 *a system, in which the active current / electricity generated by consumers in decentralized micro- and mini- generators, is offset with the metered consumption<ref>ANEEL 2012. Regulierung Nr. 482 vom 17. April 2012 der Nationalen fckLREnergieagentur – ANEEL (Brazil)</ref><br/>
 <div><br/></div>
 = How does net metering work?<br/> =

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 </div>
 <br/>
@@ Line 166: / Line 167: @@
 |-
-| [[Solar_Energy_for_Electricity_and_Heat_in_Chile|Chile]]
+| [[Solar Energy for Electricity and Heat in Chile|Chile]]
 | 2014
 | Renewable Energy sources and efficient cogeneration plants.<br/>

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 </div>
 <br/>
 = How and Where Has Net Metering Been Applied<br/> =
@@ Line 37: / Line 38: @@
 <u>While the ways in which these countries have gone about impelenting the regulation differs according to the context, several elements are recurring:</u>
 *Net metering is usually focused on smaller system sizes, in most cases with a set limit in terms of the % contribution of net metered systems to the overall energy mix.
 *There are different technologies included in each country's regulations, although solar PV and wind usually feature in almost all settings since variable energy sources benefit considerably from net metering.
@@ Line 44: / Line 46: @@
 <u>The following table provides an overview of countries where net metering policies are currently in use:</u><ref>REN21, 2012. "Renewables 2012 Global Status Report", REN21 Secretariat, Paris</ref>
-{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="center" style="font-size: 14px;  width: 800px"
+{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="center" style="font-size: 14px; width: 800px"
 |-
+|
@@ Line 163: / Line 165: @@
 [http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20100721/local/power-feed-in-tariffs-announced-gozitans-to-enjoy-better-rates.318858 ToM]
 |-
 | colspan="6" | <p style="text-align: center">'''''UPPER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES'''''</p>
@@ Line 228: / Line 237: @@
+|
-Solar PV, ?
+Solar PV,&nbsp;?
+|
@@ Line 248: / Line 257: @@
 | Solar PV, Wind, Biomass, Hydro, Geothermal
 | 5 MW
-| ?
+| &nbsp;?
 | [http://www.naruc.org/international/Documents/Internship_presentation_MEstrada_Netmetering.pdf NARUC]
 |-
@@ Line 257: / Line 266: @@
 | All Renewable Energy policies
 | 1 MW
-| ?
+| &nbsp;?
 | [http://www.scribd.com/doc/93387083/33/Net-Metering GoP]
 |-
@@ Line 265: / Line 274: @@
 | <br/>
 | Wind, solar PV, Biomass, Biogas
-| ?
+| &nbsp;?
-| ?
+| &nbsp;?
 | [http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/philippines/documents/press_corner/renewable_energy_mechanisms_maniego_en.pdf EEAS]
 |-
@@ Line 275: / Line 284: @@
 | All Renewable Energy Sources
 | <= consumption
-| ?
+| &nbsp;?
 | [http://www.island.lk/2009/01/14/features1.html The Island]
 |}
@@ Line 289: / Line 298: @@
 <u>Net metering is also being developed and piloted in the following low-income countries:</u>
-{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="center" style="width: 800px;  font-size: 14px"
+{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="center" style="width: 800px; font-size: 14px"
 |-
+|

@@ Line 167: / Line 167: @@
 |-
+|
-<span style="line-height: 1.5em">[[Energy in Brazil|Brazil]]</span><br/>
+<span style="line-height: 1.5em">[[Brazil Energy Situation|Brazil]]</span><br/>
+|
@@ Line 321: / Line 321: @@
 <br/><br/>
 = Pro's and Con's of Net Metering<br/> =

@@ Line 371: / Line 371: @@
 *'''Technical expertise: '''technical capacity is needed, both at regulatory and utility level, to ensure the proper application and management of net metering standards. At the private sector level, it is also important that technicians have the technical capacity to install and service net metered systems.
 *'''Regulatory capacity: '''regulatory authorities need to have the capacity to ensure that net metering policies and regulations are not only well developed, but also properly implemented.
@@ Line 377: / Line 378: @@
 ► [http://www.giz.de/en/ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)]
 *'''[[Net Metering in Brazil|Brazil]]''': The [https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/12565.html GIZ Energy Programme, “Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Efficiency”], is running from 2013 to 2015<ref>GIZ, "Energy programme for Brazil" http://www.giz.de/de/weltweit/12565.html</ref>. Among other activities, GIZ is assisting the [http://www.aneel.gov.br/?idiomaAtual=1 Brazilian Energy Regulatory Authority (ANEEL)], local governmental institutions and other stakeholders to develop and implement net-metering policy<ref name="Project Development Program (PDP). 2011.">Project Development Program (PDP). 2011. "Grid connection of solar PV: Technical and economical assessment of net-metering in Kenya". GIZ, Federal Ministry of Economics & Technology.</ref>. Net metering legislation was enacted in April 2012, covering all renewable energy systems up to 1 MW<ref>Figueiredo, R. 2012. "Brazil's attempt at distributed generation: will net metering work?" Renewable Energy World. http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/07/brazils-attempt-at-distributed-generation-will-net-metering-work</ref>.<br/>
 *'''[[Kenya Energy Situation|Kenya]]''': Through the [http://www.renewables-made-in-germany.com/en/networking-in-your-country/renewable-energy-project-development-programme-pdp.html Project Development Programme (PDP)] and a [http://www.developpp.de/en/content/developppde development partnership (develoPPP)], GIZ has been supporting the Kenyan authorities in developing net metering legislation and policy. Net metering has now been included in draft energy policy, forming part of wider energy sector reforms taking place. Two pilot projects feeding solar PV into the national [[Portal:Grid|grid]] have been launched: a 60 kW installation at the SOS Children’s Village in Mombasa; and a 515 kW system on the roof of the [http://www.unep.org/roa/Programmes/KenyaCountryProgramme/tabid/51365/Default.aspx UNEP offices]<ref name="Franz. M. 2012.">Franz. M. 2012. "Net metering for small RE - the next big show in town? Background and evidence from Kenya and Ghana." Presented at the GIZ Fachverbund Energy Africa, Dakar, Senegal.</ref>. The [http://www.euei-pdf.org/ EU Energy Initiative Partnership Dialogue Facility (EUEI PDF)] is also providing further support to formulate net-metering regulation in the country through a project under the [http://www.euei-pdf.org/sites/default/files/files/field_pblctn_file/RECPstrategy2020en_lowres_0.pdf Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme (RECP)].<br/>
 *'''Mexico''': GIZ is providing energy sector technical assistance to Mexico as part of the [http://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/13919.html “Sustainable Energy Mexico” program]<ref name="GIZ.">GIZ. "Sustainable Energy in Mexico". http://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/13919.html</ref>. Net metering has been possible in the country since 2007, with capacity limits set at 30kW and 500kW respectively, depending on whether a net-metered system is classified as small- or medium-scale<ref name="Project Development Program (PDP). 2011.">Project Development Program (PDP). 2011. "Grid connection of solar PV: Technical and economical assessment of net-metering in Kenya". GIZ, Federal Ministry of Economics & Technology.</ref>.<br/>
 *'''[[Morocco Energy Situation|Morocco]]''': The [https://www.giz.de/en/downloads/giz2012-renewable-energy-peren-en.pdf “Promotion of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency” project], implemented by GIZ, has as one of its components the assessment of the potential for grid-connected solar PV in Morocco<ref>GIZ. 2012. "The promotion of renewable energy and energy efficiency - the 'PEREN' project". https://www.giz.de/en/downloads/giz2012-renewable-energy-peren-en.pdf</ref>. The assessment has shown that Morocco will achieve grid-parity for all customer categories by 2013. GIZ is also developing a “million roofs program” proposal, which is dependent on net metering. While there are currently no specific net metering regulations in place, a law published in 2010 makes it possible to connect medium- and high-voltage renewable energy based systems to the grid<ref name="Project Development Program (PDP). 2011.">Project Development Program (PDP). 2011. "Grid connection of solar PV: Technical and economical assessment of net-metering in Kenya". GIZ, Federal Ministry of Economics & Technology.</ref>.<br/>
+*'''Chile:&nbsp;'''The project [[Solar_Energy_for_Electricity_and_Heat_in_Chile|“Solar energy for the production of electricity and heat”]] from the [http://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/23041.html GIZ] supported the working group of the Chilean Ministry of Energy and the regulator (CNR) in developing the necessary implementing regulations and technical standards for the distributed generation law 20.571 for [[Net-Metering_/_Billing_in_Chile|Net-Metering/Billing]]. The law went into effect since October 23rd 2014.

@@ Line 377: / Line 377: @@
 ► [http://www.giz.de/en/ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)]
-*'''[[Brazil - Net Metering|Brazil]]''': The [https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/12565.html GIZ Energy Programme, “Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Efficiency”], is running from 2013 to 2015<ref>GIZ, "Energy programme for Brazil" http://www.giz.de/de/weltweit/12565.html</ref>. Among other activities, GIZ is assisting the [http://www.aneel.gov.br/?idiomaAtual=1 Brazilian Energy Regulatory Authority (ANEEL)], local governmental institutions and other stakeholders to develop and implement net-metering policy<ref name="Project Development Program (PDP). 2011.">Project Development Program (PDP). 2011. "Grid connection of solar PV: Technical and economical assessment of net-metering in Kenya". GIZ, Federal Ministry of Economics & Technology.</ref>. Net metering legislation was enacted in April 2012, covering all renewable energy systems up to 1 MW<ref>Figueiredo, R. 2012. "Brazil's attempt at distributed generation: will net metering work?" Renewable Energy World. http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/07/brazils-attempt-at-distributed-generation-will-net-metering-work</ref>.<br/>
+*'''[[Net Metering in Brazil|Brazil]]''': The [https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/12565.html GIZ Energy Programme, “Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Efficiency”], is running from 2013 to 2015<ref>GIZ, "Energy programme for Brazil" http://www.giz.de/de/weltweit/12565.html</ref>. Among other activities, GIZ is assisting the [http://www.aneel.gov.br/?idiomaAtual=1 Brazilian Energy Regulatory Authority (ANEEL)], local governmental institutions and other stakeholders to develop and implement net-metering policy<ref name="Project Development Program (PDP). 2011.">Project Development Program (PDP). 2011. "Grid connection of solar PV: Technical and economical assessment of net-metering in Kenya". GIZ, Federal Ministry of Economics & Technology.</ref>. Net metering legislation was enacted in April 2012, covering all renewable energy systems up to 1 MW<ref>Figueiredo, R. 2012. "Brazil's attempt at distributed generation: will net metering work?" Renewable Energy World. http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/07/brazils-attempt-at-distributed-generation-will-net-metering-work</ref>.<br/>
 *'''[[Kenya Energy Situation|Kenya]]''': Through the [http://www.renewables-made-in-germany.com/en/networking-in-your-country/renewable-energy-project-development-programme-pdp.html Project Development Programme (PDP)] and a [http://www.developpp.de/en/content/developppde development partnership (develoPPP)], GIZ has been supporting the Kenyan authorities in developing net metering legislation and policy. Net metering has now been included in draft energy policy, forming part of wider energy sector reforms taking place. Two pilot projects feeding solar PV into the national [[Portal:Grid|grid]] have been launched: a 60 kW installation at the SOS Children’s Village in Mombasa; and a 515 kW system on the roof of the [http://www.unep.org/roa/Programmes/KenyaCountryProgramme/tabid/51365/Default.aspx UNEP offices]<ref name="Franz. M. 2012.">Franz. M. 2012. "Net metering for small RE - the next big show in town? Background and evidence from Kenya and Ghana." Presented at the GIZ Fachverbund Energy Africa, Dakar, Senegal.</ref>. The [http://www.euei-pdf.org/ EU Energy Initiative Partnership Dialogue Facility (EUEI PDF)] is also providing further support to formulate net-metering regulation in the country through a project under the [http://www.euei-pdf.org/sites/default/files/files/field_pblctn_file/RECPstrategy2020en_lowres_0.pdf Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme (RECP)].<br/>
 *'''Mexico''': GIZ is providing energy sector technical assistance to Mexico as part of the [http://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/13919.html “Sustainable Energy Mexico” program]<ref name="GIZ.">GIZ. "Sustainable Energy in Mexico". http://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/13919.html</ref>. Net metering has been possible in the country since 2007, with capacity limits set at 30kW and 500kW respectively, depending on whether a net-metered system is classified as small- or medium-scale<ref name="Project Development Program (PDP). 2011.">Project Development Program (PDP). 2011. "Grid connection of solar PV: Technical and economical assessment of net-metering in Kenya". GIZ, Federal Ministry of Economics & Technology.</ref>.<br/>
@@ Line 387: / Line 387: @@
 *[[Portal:Grid|Grid Portal on energypedia]]<br/>
-*[[Brazil - Net Metering|Net Metering in Brazil]]<br/>
+*[[Net Metering in Brazil|Net Metering in Brazil]]<br/>
 *[[Metering and Billing Systems|Metering and Billing Systems]]<br/>
@@ Line 396: / Line 396: @@
 <references /><br/>
 [[Category:Grid]]