Senegal: Best Practice Case Studies - Revision history

Johanna at 11:38, 8 May 2020

2020-05-08T11:38:15Z

Lisafeldmann: /* Senegal Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) Programme */

2016-12-15T10:55:37Z

Senegal Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) Programme

Lisafeldmann at 13:00, 15 December 2015

2015-12-15T13:00:20Z

Ranisha: /* References */

2014-08-21T15:04:34Z

References

Ranisha at 13:51, 13 August 2014

2014-08-13T13:51:59Z

Ranisha at 11:20, 7 July 2014

2014-07-07T11:20:46Z

Wiki Gardener at 13:46, 21 June 2013

2013-06-21T13:46:12Z

Katharina Wiedemann at 14:46, 3 May 2012

2012-05-03T14:46:20Z

Katharina Wiedemann at 10:03, 26 April 2012

2012-04-26T10:03:01Z

Katharina Wiedemann at 10:02, 26 April 2012

2012-04-26T10:02:30Z

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 <br/>
 = Senegal Liquid Petroleum Gas ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas LPG]) Programme<br/> =
-High levels of wood fuel consumption were extremely detrimental to the [[Senegal Energy Situation|Senagal]]’s natural forest cover and one of the key causes of environmental degradation. Wood fuel accounts for over 60% of the country's total energy consumption and about 90% of households' energy needs, deforestation was seen as accentuating the problem of desertification and drought that ravaged Senegal and other Sahelian countries in the early 1970s.<br/>In response to these problems, the Government devised strategies aimed at reducing the impact of biomass-energy use through inter-fuel substitution improved efficiency of wood stoves and charcoal kilns and improved woodland management. [[Senegal Energy Situation#LPG|The LPG20 programme]] in Senegal, launched in 1974, aimed to eventually replace 50% of charcoal consumption with [[Cooking_with_Liquefied_Petroleum_Gas_(LPG)|LPG]] in major urban areas through subsidies and promotional campaigns.
+High levels of wood fuel consumption were extremely detrimental to the [[Senegal Energy Situation|Senagal]]’s natural forest cover and one of the key causes of environmental degradation. Wood fuel accounts for over 60% of the country's total energy consumption and about 90% of households' energy needs, deforestation was seen as accentuating the problem of desertification and drought that ravaged Senegal and other Sahelian countries in the early 1970s.<br/>In response to these problems, the Government devised strategies aimed at reducing the impact of biomass-energy use through inter-fuel substitution improved efficiency of wood stoves and charcoal kilns and improved woodland management. [[Senegal Energy Situation#LPG|The LPG20 programme]] in Senegal, launched in 1974, aimed to eventually replace 50% of charcoal consumption with [[LPG for cooking|LPG]] in major urban areas through subsidies and promotional campaigns.
 <br/>
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 <br/>
 = Further Information =
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 GTZ (2007): Eastern Africa Resource Base: GTZ Online Regional Energy Resource Base: Regional and Country Specific Energy Resource Database: VII - Best Practice Case Studies.
 [[Category:Fossil_Fuel]]

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 <br/>
 = Senegal Liquid Petroleum Gas ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas LPG]) Programme<br/> =
-High levels of wood fuel consumption were extremely detrimental to the [[Senegal Energy Situation|Senagal]]’s natural forest cover and one of the key causes of environmental degradation. Wood fuel accounts for over 60% of the country's total energy consumption and about 90% of households' energy needs, deforestation was seen as accentuating the problem of desertification and drought that ravaged Senegal and other Sahelian countries in the early 1970s.<br/>In response to these problems, the Government devised strategies aimed at reducing the impact of biomass-energy use through inter-fuel substitution improved efficiency of wood stoves and charcoal kilns and improved woodland management. [[Senegal Energy Situation#LPG|The LPG20 programme]] in Senegal, launched in 1974, aimed to eventually replace 50% of charcoal consumption with [[Cooking with Fossil Fuels#Cooking with Liquefied Petroleum Gas .28LPG.29|LPG]] in major urban areas through subsidies and promotional campaigns.
+High levels of wood fuel consumption were extremely detrimental to the [[Senegal Energy Situation|Senagal]]’s natural forest cover and one of the key causes of environmental degradation. Wood fuel accounts for over 60% of the country's total energy consumption and about 90% of households' energy needs, deforestation was seen as accentuating the problem of desertification and drought that ravaged Senegal and other Sahelian countries in the early 1970s.<br/>In response to these problems, the Government devised strategies aimed at reducing the impact of biomass-energy use through inter-fuel substitution improved efficiency of wood stoves and charcoal kilns and improved woodland management. [[Senegal Energy Situation#LPG|The LPG20 programme]] in Senegal, launched in 1974, aimed to eventually replace 50% of charcoal consumption with [[Cooking_with_Liquefied_Petroleum_Gas_(LPG)|LPG]] in major urban areas through subsidies and promotional campaigns.
 <br/>
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 <br/>
 = Further Information =

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 = Overview =
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 == Impacts and Lessons Learned<br/> ==
 LPG has become the principal cooking fuel for most urban households, especially in the Dakar region. However, poor households still struggle to afford the upfront cost of purchasing an LPG cylinder and cooker and the cylinder-refilling cost.<br/>The remarkably rapid development of the LPG market resulted both from structural changes in demand for energy and from government policy. Energy use would have shifted to modern fuels in response to urbanisation, rising incomes and increasing scarcity of traditional fuels. In addition to subsidising LPG prices, the Government also implicitly manipulated charcoal prices relative to LPG prices, often by allowing charcoal retail prices to rise well above regulated levels.<br/>Despite the successful introduction of LPG in urban areas in Senegal, particularly in Dakar, wood fuel consumption is still very high. This is largely because LPG consumption remains concentrated in urban areas. By reducing urban charcoal demand, LPG has had the beneficial effect of enabling better access to wood-fuel in the rural areas. Improving rural access to LPG would bring further environmental and social benefits.<br/>The Senegalese experience with subsidising LPG demonstrates that rapid switching away from traditional fuels to modern forms of energy does not occur automatically. It requires effective government policies applied over a reasonably long period.
 <u>Subsidies must also be supported by a number of other measures, including:</u>
 *The establishment of a reliable and effective supply system.
 *The adoption of technology that is appropriate to local needs.
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 *[[Senegal Energy Situation|Senegal Energy Situation]]
-*[[Wind Energy Country Analysis Senegal| Wind Energy Country Analysis Senegal]]
+*[[Wind Energy Country Analysis Senegal|Wind Energy Country Analysis Senegal]]
 <br/>
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 GTZ (2007): Eastern Africa Resource Base: GTZ Online Regional Energy Resource Base: Regional and Country Specific Energy Resource Database: VII - Best Practice Case Studies.
 [[Category:Liquid_Petroleum_Gas_(LPG)]]

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 [[Category:Best_Practices]]
 [[Category:Senegal]]
 [[Category:Biogas]]

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 = Overview =
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 *[[Senegal Energy Situation|Senegal Energy Situation]]
 <br/>
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 GTZ (2007): Eastern Africa Resource Base: GTZ Online Regional Energy Resource Base: Regional and Country Specific Energy Resource Database: VII - Best Practice Case Studies.
 [[Category:Biogas]]

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 Energy programs have been implemented across Africa by various organizations for over twenty-five years. Programs have evolved and improved by taking advantage of both formal and informal communication of program features and lessons learned.<br/>The Best Practice projects presented herein seeks to build experience and knowledge by establishing a structure for sharing best practices to help meet today’s complex energy challenges.
 = Senegal Liquid Petroleum Gas ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas LPG]) Programme<br/> =
-High levels of wood fuel consumption were extremely detrimental to the [[Senegal Country Situation|Senagal]]’s natural forest cover and one of the key causes of environmental degradation. Wood fuel accounts for over 60% of the country's total energy consumption and about 90% of households' energy needs, deforestation was seen as accentuating the problem of desertification and drought that ravaged Senegal and other Sahelian countries in the early 1970s.<br/>In response to these problems, the Government devised strategies aimed at reducing the impact of biomass-energy use through inter-fuel substitution improved efficiency of wood stoves and charcoal kilns and improved woodland management. [[Senegal Country Situation#LPG|The LPG20 programme]] in Senegal, launched in 1974, aimed to eventually replace 50% of charcoal consumption with [[Cooking with fossil fuels#Cooking_with_Liquefied_Petroleum_Gas_.28LPG.29|LPG]] in major urban areas through subsidies and promotional campaigns.
+High levels of wood fuel consumption were extremely detrimental to the [[Senegal_Energy_Situation|Senagal]]’s natural forest cover and one of the key causes of environmental degradation. Wood fuel accounts for over 60% of the country's total energy consumption and about 90% of households' energy needs, deforestation was seen as accentuating the problem of desertification and drought that ravaged Senegal and other Sahelian countries in the early 1970s.<br/>In response to these problems, the Government devised strategies aimed at reducing the impact of biomass-energy use through inter-fuel substitution improved efficiency of wood stoves and charcoal kilns and improved woodland management. [[Senegal_Energy_Situation#LPG|The LPG20 programme]] in Senegal, launched in 1974, aimed to eventually replace 50% of charcoal consumption with [[Cooking with fossil fuels#Cooking with Liquefied Petroleum Gas .28LPG.29|LPG]] in major urban areas through subsidies and promotional campaigns.
 == Implementation Strategy<br/> ==
 In order to achieve a high target rate for expanding LPG use, three different price structures were set up, with price revisions every three months: one for 2.75-kg bottles, one for 6-kg bottles and one for large 12.5-kg cylinders. Only the first two sizes were subsidised.<br/>The policy of encouraging LPG consumption was supplemented with measures to rationalise wood resource management. These included regulations concerning the exploitation and use of forest products such as; an increase in wood-cutting license fees, tighter production quotas, the creation of a land allocation system for charcoal production and a progressive increase in the official sales price of charcoal.<br/>Effective management of the pricing structure, which provided incentives for distributors to expand sales, made it possible to quickly develop the market in Senegal. The three main oil companies that handle most LPG storage, bottling, distribution and retailing have invested heavily both in distribution infrastructure and end-use equipment. The construction of new refilling centres in some regions well away from Dakar has helped encourage the development of LPG sales in more remote areas.
 == Impacts and Lessons Learned<br/> ==
-LPG has become the principal cooking fuel for most urban households, especially in the Dakar region. However, poor households still struggle to afford the upfront cost of purchasing an LPG cylinder and cooker and the cylinder-refilling cost.<br/>The remarkably rapid development of the LPG market resulted both from structural changes in demand for energy and from government policy. Energy use would have shifted to modern fuels in response to urbanisation, rising incomes and increasing scarcity of traditional fuels. In addition to subsidising LPG prices, the Government also implicitly manipulated charcoal prices relative to LPG prices, often by allowing charcoal retail prices to rise well above regulated levels.<br/>Despite the successful introduction of LPG in urban areas in Senegal, particularly in Dakar, wood fuel consumption is still very high. This is largely because LPG consumption remains concentrated in urban areas. By reducing urban charcoal demand, LPG has had the beneficial effect of enabling better access to wood-fuel in the rural areas. Improving rural access to LPG would bring further environmental and social benefits.<br/>The Senegalese experience with subsidising LPG demonstrates that rapid switching away from traditional fuels to modern forms of energy does not occur automatically. It requires effective government policies applied over a reasonably long period. Subsidies must also be supported by a number of other measures, including:
+LPG has become the principal cooking fuel for most urban households, especially in the Dakar region. However, poor households still struggle to afford the upfront cost of purchasing an LPG cylinder and cooker and the cylinder-refilling cost.<br/>The remarkably rapid development of the LPG market resulted both from structural changes in demand for energy and from government policy. Energy use would have shifted to modern fuels in response to urbanisation, rising incomes and increasing scarcity of traditional fuels. In addition to subsidising LPG prices, the Government also implicitly manipulated charcoal prices relative to LPG prices, often by allowing charcoal retail prices to rise well above regulated levels.<br/>Despite the successful introduction of LPG in urban areas in Senegal, particularly in Dakar, wood fuel consumption is still very high. This is largely because LPG consumption remains concentrated in urban areas. By reducing urban charcoal demand, LPG has had the beneficial effect of enabling better access to wood-fuel in the rural areas. Improving rural access to LPG would bring further environmental and social benefits.<br/>The Senegalese experience with subsidising LPG demonstrates that rapid switching away from traditional fuels to modern forms of energy does not occur automatically. It requires effective government policies applied over a reasonably long period. <u></u>
 *The establishment of a reliable and effective supply system.
 *The adoption of technology that is appropriate to local needs.
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 *Attractive incentives for distributors and consumers.
 *An effective information and awareness-raising campaign.
 According to estimates provided by the Ministry of Energy the growth in LPG use has resulted in annual savings of about 70,000 tonnes of wood-fuel and 90,000 tonnes of charcoal. This is equivalent to 700,000 m3 of wood a year, or 15% of the amount now being collected.
 = References<br/> =
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 GTZ (2007): Eastern Africa Resource Base: GTZ Online Regional Energy Resource Base: Regional and Country Specific Energy Resource Database: VII - Best Practice Case Studies.
-[[Category:Best_Practices]]
+[[Category:Liquid_Petroleum_Gas_(LPG)]]
 [[Category:Biogas]]
 [[Category:Cooking_Energy]]
-[[Category:Senegal]]
+[[Category:Best_Practices]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:46, 3 May 2012
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	[[Category:Cooking_Energy]]		[[Category:Cooking_Energy]]
	[[Category:Senegal]]		[[Category:Senegal]]
		+	[[Category:Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG)]]