Senegal Energy Situation - Revision history

Katharina Telfser: /* Further Information */

2020-09-09T15:07:42Z

Further Information

Ahmed El-Sherbini at 10:11, 2 September 2020

2020-09-02T10:11:23Z

Katharina Telfser: /* Further Information */

2020-05-19T15:12:54Z

Further Information

Ahmed El-Sherbini at 14:22, 27 January 2020

2020-01-27T14:22:37Z

Ahmed El-Sherbini at 09:40, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T09:40:37Z

Ranisha at 19:45, 10 July 2018

2018-07-10T19:45:48Z

Ranisha at 15:36, 10 July 2018

2018-07-10T15:36:38Z

Ranisha at 14:08, 29 July 2016

2016-07-29T14:08:28Z

Ranisha at 16:24, 9 December 2015

2015-12-09T16:24:51Z

Ranisha at 13:53, 17 November 2014

2014-11-17T13:53:46Z

@@ Line 260: / Line 260: @@
 <br/>
 = Further Information =
@@ Line 267: / Line 268: @@
 *PTB-MPE Project: [[:File:PTB project Senegal 95325 FR.pdf|Renforcement de l'infrastructure qualité pour des services énergétiques innovateurs]]
 *[https://www.afrik21.africa/en/senegal-government-exempts-renewable-energy-equipment-from-vat/ Government exempts renewable energy equipment from VAT]
 <br/>
 = References<br/> =

@@ Line 259: / Line 259: @@
 <br/>
 = Further Information =
@@ Line 264: / Line 265: @@
 *[https://www.get-invest.eu/market-information/senegal/useful-links/ Get.invest's Market Insights Package for Senegal]
 *USAID Power Africa: [https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Senegal_-_November_2018_Country_Fact_Sheet.pdf Senegal Factsheet]
-*PTB-MPE Project: [[:File:PTB_project_Senegal_95325_FR.pdf|Renforcement de l'infrastructure qualité pour des services énergétiques innovateurs]]
+*PTB-MPE Project: [[:File:PTB project Senegal 95325 FR.pdf|Renforcement de l'infrastructure qualité pour des services énergétiques innovateurs]]
 <br/>
 = References<br/> =

@@ Line 258: / Line 258: @@
 <br/>
 = Further Information =
@@ Line 263: / Line 264: @@
 *[https://www.get-invest.eu/market-information/senegal/useful-links/ Get.invest's Market Insights Package for Senegal]
 *USAID Power Africa: [https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1860/Senegal_-_November_2018_Country_Fact_Sheet.pdf Senegal Factsheet]
 <br/>
 = References<br/> =

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == Biomass<br/> ==
@@ Line 44: / Line 46: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]] &lt;/div&gt;
 == LPG<br/> ==
@@ Line 50: / Line 54: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == Electricity<br/> ==
@@ Line 62: / Line 68: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 = Electricity Generation, Transmission and Distribution<br/> =
@@ Line 74: / Line 82: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == Transmission ==
@@ Line 82: / Line 92: @@
 [[File:Senegal Electricity transport and production.JPG|thumb|left|300px|Electricity transport and production]]
 == Distribution ==
 All distribution is carried out by SENELEC. &lt;/div&gt;
 = Rural Electrification =
@@ Line 104: / Line 118: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]] &lt;/div&gt;
 = Institutional Set Up and Actors in the Energy Sector =
@@ Line 116: / Line 142: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == Non Governmental Service Providers ==
@@ Line 136: / Line 164: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 = Policy Framework =
@@ Line 144: / Line 174: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == Poverty Reduction Strategy and Energy Policy ==
@@ Line 163: / Line 195: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == National Energy Sector Development Strategy ==
@@ Line 187: / Line 221: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == Climate Change ==
@@ Line 207: / Line 243: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == Off Grid ==
@@ Line 218: / Line 256: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 = Further Information =
 *[https://www.get-invest.eu/market-information/senegal/useful-links/ Get.invest's Market Insights Package for Senegal]
 <br/>

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{CES Country|CES Country Name=Senegal
 |CES Country Capital=Dakar
@@ Line 9: / Line 10: @@
 The Senegalese energy sector is relatively small. Total fossil fuel provision stands at 27 TWh/year, thereby making up nearly 40% of Senegal's primary energy provision of which the remainder is nearly entirely biomass (well over 50%) - most of which non-renewable - complemented by some coal and some hydro and solar for renewably generated electricity.
-In terms of consumption, the large biomass share in energy provision is for the by far biggest part used for cooking in households, either as firewood (58% of households) or after carbonisation as charcoal (26 % of households). In addition 11% of households use LPG for cooking (mainly in bigger towns), 4% use electricity and 1% uses lampoil. The LPG share thereby is smaller than one would expect based on prevalence of LPG stoves (e.g. in Dakar, where 20% of Senegal's population lives, over 90% of households have LPG stoves) - as LPG supply is not always reliable, in which case (urban) households fall back on charcoal.<br/>
+In terms of consumption, the large biomass share in energy provision is for the by far biggest part used for cooking in households, either as firewood (58% of households) or after carbonisation as charcoal (26&nbsp;% of households). In addition 11% of households use LPG for cooking (mainly in bigger towns), 4% use electricity and 1% uses lampoil. The LPG share thereby is smaller than one would expect based on prevalence of LPG stoves (e.g. in Dakar, where 20% of Senegal's population lives, over 90% of households have LPG stoves) - as LPG supply is not always reliable, in which case (urban) households fall back on charcoal.<br/>
 Cooking overall also easily accounts for the largest share of household energy consumption; while the electrification rate at 45% is not even very low, electricity consumption in households is still limited.
-In total only some 10% of final energy consumed concerns electricity, largely generated by fossil fuels (diesel-gensets) and for a small part renewably (hydro, wind and solar). The renewable potential however is large, and little by little is getting recognised : along the coast there's good potential for windpower; irradiation throughout the country at 5-7 kWh/m2/day is favourable for PV, in addition to which there's hydropotential along major rivers - though with rainfall predicted to decline by some 20% over the next decades, hydro’s role in Senegal’s energy mix should be carefully tailored.
+In total only some 10% of final energy consumed concerns electricity, largely generated by fossil fuels (diesel-gensets) and for a small part renewably (hydro, wind and solar). The renewable potential however is large, and little by little is getting recognised&nbsp;: along the coast there's good potential for windpower; irradiation throughout the country at 5-7 kWh/m2/day is favourable for PV, in addition to which there's hydropotential along major rivers - though with rainfall predicted to decline by some 20% over the next decades, hydro’s role in Senegal’s energy mix should be carefully tailored.
 The below diagram shows the development over time of the energy consumption of households, transport and industry.
@@ Line 34: / Line 35: @@
 Some key figures:
 *40,000 ha of forest are lost every year (to chopping for firewood, forest fires, desertification)
 *the price of traditional fuels (firewood, charcoal) has more than doubled in the last 10 years
 *between 5,400 and 6,300 people annually die from diseases caused by indoor air pollution
-*45 % of Senegal’s primary energy demand are covered by firewood (31 % directly as firewood and 14 % as charcoal)
+*45&nbsp;% of Senegal’s primary energy demand are covered by firewood (31&nbsp;% directly as firewood and 14&nbsp;% as charcoal)
 The Senegalese government has recently published several policy orientations, thus beginning to address these extremely urgent issues. Nevertheless the Senegalese forest sector lacks institutional capacities and efficiency in order to launch basic reform processes and to implement sustainable changes on a large scale and to face deforestation.
@@ Line 47: / Line 49: @@
 In the 1970’s the government launched the national butanisation programme in order to re-place charcoal consumption by '''Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)''' through subsidies and promotion campaigns, resulting in around 70 percent of urban households in Senegal and nearly 90% of households in Dakar using LPG as primary cooking fuel. The Senegal Ministry of Energy estimated the annual saving of firewood and charcoal to be 70,000 tons and 90,000 tons, respectively. To learn more about the project, click [[Senegal: Best Practice Case Studies#Senegal Liquid Petroleum Gas .28LPG.29 Programme|here]].<br/>Nevertheless, biomass resources and wood in particular continue to be unsustainably ex-ploited.
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 == Electricity<br/> ==
@@ Line 57: / Line 59: @@
 [[File:Electricity Prod Cap of Senegal.JPG|thumb|left|470px|Installed Capacity and Electricity Production in Senegal]]<br/>
-Nevertheless and in comparison to neighbouring countries, the electrification rate is relatively high: at 75% in urban areas and 17% rural, the national average is 45 %, up from approximately 30% a decade ago. In comparison, in neighbouring Mali national coverage is just 25%. However, this (rural) coverage also implies the governments' ambitious target to achieve 50% rural electrification by 2012 has not nearly been achieved.
+Nevertheless and in comparison to neighbouring countries, the electrification rate is relatively high: at 75% in urban areas and 17% rural, the national average is 45&nbsp;%, up from approximately 30% a decade ago. In comparison, in neighbouring Mali national coverage is just 25%. However, this (rural) coverage also implies the governments' ambitious target to achieve 50% rural electrification by 2012 has not nearly been achieved.
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
@@ Line 65: / Line 67: @@
 == Electricty Generation ==
-Senegal’s total installed capacity is 638 MW (2010 est) of which 80% is connected to the national grid. SENELEC owns power stations with nearly 60 % of the total production capacity while the remainder is private, either GTI-Dakar or ESKOM-Manantali.
+Senegal’s total installed capacity is 638 MW (2010 est) of which 80% is connected to the national grid. SENELEC owns power stations with nearly 60&nbsp;% of the total production capacity while the remainder is private, either GTI-Dakar or ESKOM-Manantali.
 As indicated above, over 80% is generated by diesel plants, while there are also gas-, steam- and gas-steam power plants. As a result electricity production costs strongly depend on the world market oil-price and the local Diesel price, both for the national grid as well as mini-grids. However, due to subsidies the consumer price is kept artificially low.
@@ Line 93: / Line 95: @@
 The Senegalese Agency for Rural Electrification (ASER) is responsible for the implementation of the model (see Public Institutions and Actors).
-For the PPER all of Senegal is divided into concession zones (9 concessions remain after a consolidation). International donors and the Senegalese government provide subsidies to concessionaires for their rural electrification activities. Donors involved entail the World Bank, the German development bank KfW and the African Development Bank. Subsidies amount to 70 % of funds required for investment and engineering. The concessionaire contributes 20 % and the users 10 %. End users are charged cost covering tariffs. All donors have dedicated a share of their funds (ca. 15 %) for the installation of renewable energy systems.
+For the PPER all of Senegal is divided into concession zones (9 concessions remain after a consolidation). International donors and the Senegalese government provide subsidies to concessionaires for their rural electrification activities. Donors involved entail the World Bank, the German development bank KfW and the African Development Bank. Subsidies amount to 70&nbsp;% of funds required for investment and engineering. The concessionaire contributes 20&nbsp;% and the users 10&nbsp;%. End users are charged cost covering tariffs. All donors have dedicated a share of their funds (ca. 15&nbsp;%) for the installation of renewable energy systems.
 The first concession was awarded in 2008. Within the large concession areas municipalities can apply for ERIL loans (Electrification Rurale d’Initiative Locale – rural electrification through local initiatives) to implement electrification projects themselves. For ERILs, the same 70/20/10% funding distribution applies as for the PPER concessions. For all ERILs a seperate application has to be prepared and submitted, which should subsequently be approved by ASER and the PPER concessionaire for the region concerned.
@@ Line 133: / Line 135: @@
 The SEM Fund, or the [http://www.sem-fund.org/ Senegal Ecovillage Microfinance Fund], is a nonprofit organisation dedicated to poverty alleviation by providing affordable business loans aimed at strengthening the business skills and livelihoods of highly motivated microentrepreneurs that lack access to the commercial banking system.
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 = Policy Framework =
@@ Line 148: / Line 150: @@
 The PRSP names ten overall objectives for the development of the energy sector:
 #develop the institutional framework and production capacity for energy
 #promote the engine of productive activities
@@ Line 164: / Line 167: @@
 The ''Lettre de Politique de Développement du Secteur de l’énergie'' (LPDSE) was approved in 2008 to cope with the fundamental problems of the energy sector. There are six main objetives:
 #Development and usage of domestic energy resources, particularly biofuels and renewable energies.
 #Diversification of energy sources for power generation: increase use of coal, biofuels, biomass (especially biomass produced in sustainable, participative forest management systems)
@@ Line 176: / Line 180: @@
 The ''Lettre de Politique de développement du sous-secteur des combustibles domestiques'' (LPDSCD) was also approved in 2008 and aims at
 #the management of the supply side through participative forest management systems
 #the management of the demand side through the dissemination of improved stoves, gas-stoves and alternative energy sources such as kerosene, biomass-briquettes and gelfuel among others.
@@ Line 213: / Line 218: @@
 [[Senegal Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
 = References<br/> =

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:08, 29 July 2016
Line 220:		Line 220:
	[[Senegal Energy Situation#toc\|►Go to Top]]		[[Senegal Energy Situation#toc\|►Go to Top]]

		+	[[Category:Africa]]
	[[Category:Senegal]]		[[Category:Senegal]]
−	~~[[Category:Africa]]~~

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:24, 9 December 2015
Line 220:		Line 220:
	[[Senegal Energy Situation#toc\|►Go to Top]]		[[Senegal Energy Situation#toc\|►Go to Top]]

		+	[[Category:Senegal]]
	[[Category:Africa]]		[[Category:Africa]]
−	~~[[Category:Senegal]]~~
−	~~[[Category:Country_Energy_Situation]]~~