Uttar Pradesh Energy Situation - Revision history

Ranisha at 16:41, 9 December 2015

2015-12-09T16:41:44Z

Ranisha at 06:36, 2 October 2014

2014-10-02T06:36:46Z

Ranisha at 13:29, 23 September 2014

2014-09-23T13:29:00Z

Ranisha at 09:41, 11 July 2014

2014-07-11T09:41:20Z

Fungai Cecilia Sandamu at 13:37, 11 November 2013

2013-11-11T13:37:24Z

Fungai Cecilia Sandamu: /* Status of the Power Sector */

2013-11-11T13:35:02Z

Status of the Power Sector

Fungai Cecilia Sandamu: /* Status of the Power Sector */

2013-11-11T13:32:14Z

Status of the Power Sector

Meenakshi Kapoor at 11:19, 21 May 2013

2013-05-21T11:19:57Z

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Fungai Cecilia Sandamu at 14:47, 7 May 2013

2013-05-07T14:47:21Z

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Christian Liedtke: Created page with " = Status of the Power Sector
= Uttar Pradesh regularly experiences power crises because demand for electricity frequently exceeds supply significantly. Over the last 20..."

2013-05-07T12:08:30Z

Created page with " = Status of the Power Sector = Uttar Pradesh regularly experiences power crises because demand for electricity frequently exceeds supply significantly. Over the last 20..."

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= Status of the Power Sector =

Uttar Pradesh regularly experiences power crises because demand for electricity frequently exceeds supply significantly. Over the last 20 years power shortage has remained within the range of 10-15%, while shortages in periods of peak demand reaches at even higher levels. In 2013, even a gap of up to 43% opens up between the state's demand and supply of electricity. As per figures presented in the Power Ministry’s review meeting in March, the state's projected demand for summer 2013-14 is 15,839 MW showing a gap of 6,832 MW.<ref>The Times of India (Apr 2013). Power Crisis looms over UP, http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-11/delhi/38462152_1_300-mw-power-ministry-gap</ref> This results in poor and unreliable power supply with rampant power cuts and prolonged periods of low voltage. As a consequence industrial investment in Uttar Pradesh has been constrained, with industries preferring to locate themselves elsewhere.<ref>Planning Commission, GoI (2004). Uttar Pradesh Development Report. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/upsdr/vol-2/Chap_b7.pdf. </ref>

This situation also repeatedly forces the UP government to purchase power for high prices from other states in India. In 2011 for example the UP government bought power at rates as high as Rs 17 per unit from the central pool to ensure adequate supply in the state.<ref>The Economic Times (2011). Greenpeace called upon Uttra Pradesh government to demand a bigger share of decentralised renewable energy. http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-21/news/30306656_1_renewable-energy-rggvy-arpana-udupa</ref> This practice regularly incurs significant financial losses to the State Electricity Board, which (in part) have to be borne by the UP state government, constraining the state’s expenditures in areas social development such as education and public health.<ref>Planning Commission, GoI (2004). Uttar Pradesh Development Report. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/upsdr/vol-2/Chap_b7.pdf.</ref>

In 1999 the UP government tried to address the problems of growing power shortage and poor financial condition of the State Electricity Board (SEB) by reforming UP’s power sector. The power sector was restructured in order to unbundle and privatize it. Accordingly the SEB has been divided into three independent cooperations: UP Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL), UP Rajya Vidyut Utapadan Nigam (UPRVUNL) and UP Jal Vidyut Nigam (UPJVNL) – responsible for transmission and distribution, thermal generation, and hydro generation, respectively. Another distribution company, Kanpur Electricity Supply Company (KESCO) was formed as a 100% subsidiary of UPPCL.<ref>http://saiindia.gov.in/english/home/Our_Products/Audit_report/Government_Wise/state_audit/recent_reports/Uttar_Pradesh/rep_2004/com_chapter2.4.pdf</ref>

However, the UP Electricity Reform Act, formulated in 1999, had several shortcomings, which is a major reason for the problems of the UP power sector to persist until today. Besides not curtailing the enormous powers of the Uttar Pradesh Energy Regulatory Commission by making it accountable, and besides omitting the promotion of efficiency and energy conservation, the act did not address the main reasons for the financial problems of the SEB: High cost of power purchase in relation to the lower tariffs for consumers, which are determined by the UP government (no tariff adjustment), and arbitrary depreciation methods.<ref>Gurtoo, A. and Pandey, R. (2001): Power Sector in Uttar Pradesh: Past Problems and Initial Phase of Reforms, Economic and Political Weekly 36 (31), pp. 2943-2953.</ref> Additionally, the unbundling of the power sector was limited and did not lead to competition.<ref>Planning Commission, GoI (2004). Uttar Pradesh Development Report. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/upsdr/vol-2/Chap_b7.pdf.</ref>

 

== Energy Capacity ==

Installed generation capacity in March 2009 and 2010 in MW<ref>PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (2011). Comparative Study on Power Situation in the Northern and Central States of India. http://www.phdcci.in/admin/admin_logged/banner_images/1334554564.pdf. </ref> 

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
|-
| style="width:213px" |
 

| style="width:213px" |
'''03.2009'''

| style="width:213px" |
'''03.2010'''

|-
| style="width:213px" |
'''Hydro'''

| style="width:213px" |
530

| style="width:213px" |
520

|-
| style="width:213px" |
'''Thermal'''

| style="width:213px" |
4120

| style="width:213px" |
4370

|-
| style="width:213px" |
'''New & Renewable'''

| style="width:213px" |
400

| style="width:213px" |
590

|-
| style="width:213px" |
'''Total'''

| style="width:213px" |
5050

| style="width:213px" |
5480

|}

 

Installed generation capacity by sector in March 2013 in MW<ref>Central Electricity Authority (CEA) (2013). Monthly Executive Report, March 2013. http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/executive_rep/mar13/mar13.pdf</ref>

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
|-
| style="width:81px" |
 

| colspan="2" style="width:155px" |
'''Thermal'''

| rowspan="2" style="width:83px" |
'''Total Thermal'''

| rowspan="2" style="width:82px" |
'''Nuclear'''

| rowspan="2" style="width:79px" |
'''Hydro'''

| rowspan="2" style="width:88px" |
'''Renewable Energy'''

| rowspan="2" style="width:69px" |
'''Grand Total'''

|-
| style="width:81px" |
 

| style="width:80px" |
'''Coal'''

| style="width:75px" |
'''Gas'''

|-
| style="width:81px" |
'''State'''

| style="width:80px" |
4923

| style="width:75px" |
0

| style="width:83px" |
4923

| style="width:82px" |
0

| style="width:79px" |
524

| style="width:88px" |
25

| style="width:69px" |
5472

|-
| style="width:81px" |
'''Private'''

| style="width:80px" |
3090

| style="width:75px" |
0

| style="width:83px" |
3090

| style="width:82px" |
0

| style="width:79px" |
0

| style="width:88px" |
799

| style="width:69px" |
3889

|-
| style="width:81px" |
'''Central'''

| style="width:80px" |
2749

| style="width:75px" |
550

| style="width:83px" |
3300

| style="width:82px" |
336

| style="width:79px" |
1297

| style="width:88px" |
0

| style="width:69px" |
4933

|-
| style="width:81px; height:10px" |
'''Total'''

| style="width:80px; height:10px" |
'''''10763'''''

| style="width:75px; height:10px" |
'''''550'''''

| style="width:83px; height:10px" |
'''''11313'''''

| style="width:82px; height:10px" |
'''''336'''''

| style="width:79px; height:10px" |
'''''1821'''''

| style="width:88px; height:10px" |
'''''824'''''

| style="width:69px; height:10px" |
'''''14294'''''

|}

 

 

== Energy Consumption ==

Total Energy Available for Sale in Million Units (MU)<ref>UPPCL (2010-11). Statistics at a Glance 2010-11. http://www.uppcl.org/uppcllink/documents/14022013030910Statistics_UPPCL_2010_11.pdf. </ref> 

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''Year'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Total Energy Available'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Transmission Losses'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Total Energy Available for Sale'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''% of Loss'''

|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''2008-09'''

| style="width:128px" |
56374

| style="width:128px" |
16844

| style="width:128px" |
39530

| style="width:128px" |
30

|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''2009-10'''

| style="width:128px" |
61040

| style="width:128px" |
19677

| style="width:128px" |
41363

| style="width:128px" |
32

|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''2010-11'''

| style="width:128px" |
65599

| style="width:128px" |
20344

| style="width:128px" |
45255

| style="width:128px" |
31

|}

In 2009-10 the average per capita energy consumption in UP amounted to 387 KW/h, while the country’s per capita energy consumption stands at 734 KWh in 2008. 

 

Electricity Consumption by Sector<ref>UPPCL (2010-11). Statistics at a Glance 2010-11. http://www.uppcl.org/uppcllink/documents/14022013030910Statistics_UPPCL_2010_11.pdf.</ref> 

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
|-
| style="width:125px" |
'''Year'''

| style="width:132px" |
'''Industrial in MU (%)'''

| style="width:135px" |
'''Agriculture in MU (%)'''

| style="width:132px" |
'''Domestic in MU (%)'''

| style="width:115px" |
'''Commercial in MU (%)'''

|-
| style="width:125px" |
'''2008-09'''

| style="width:132px" |
10153 (25.67)

| style="width:135px" |
6841 (17.12)

| style="width:132px" |
15809 (40.02)

| style="width:115px" |
2925 (7.40)

|-
| style="width:125px" |
'''2009-10'''

| style="width:132px" |
10739 (26.23)

| style="width:135px" |
7317 (17.87)

| style="width:132px" |
15894 (38.82)

| style="width:115px" |
3106 (7.58)

|-
| style="width:125px" |
'''2010-11'''

| style="width:132px" |
10558 (24.50)

| style="width:135px" |
7891 (18.30)

| style="width:132px" |
16230 (37.60)

| style="width:115px" |
3072 (07.1)

|}

 

== Energy Supply ==

Demand and Supply in Million Units (MU), and gap between those figures in %<ref>PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (2011). Comparative Study on Power Situation in the Northern and Central States of India. http://www.phdcci.in/admin/admin_logged/banner_images/1334554564.pdf.</ref>

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''Year'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Energy Requirement (MU)'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Availability (MU)'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) (MU)'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) in %'''

|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''2011-12<ref>PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (2011). Comparative Study on Power Situation in the Northern and Central States of India. http://www.phdcci.in/admin/admin_logged/banner_images/1334554564.pdf.</ref>'''

| style="width:128px" |
76,292

| style="width:128px" |
64,846

| style="width:128px" |
-11,446

| style="width:128px" |
-15.0

|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''2012-13<ref>Central Electricity Authority (CEA) (2013). Monthly Executive Report, March 2013. http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/executive_rep/mar13/mar13.pdf </ref>'''

| style="width:128px" |
83,938

| style="width:128px" |
70,058

| style="width:128px" |
-13,880

| style="width:128px" |
-16.5

|}

 

Peak Demand and Peak Supply

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''Year'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Peak Demand in MW'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Peak Supply in MW'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) in MW'''

| style="width:128px" |
'''Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) in %'''

|-
| style="width:128px" |
'''2012-2013'''

| style="width:128px" |
13,940

| style="width:128px" |
12,048

| style="width:128px" |
-1,892

| style="width:128px" |
-13.6

|}

 

High transaction and distribution losses (T&D) are boosting the yearly deficits. In 2009 UP reported distribution losses of about 38%, which are higher than the national average T&D loss of 25.4%.<ref>PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (2011). Comparative Study on Power Situation in the Northern and Central States of India. http://www.phdcci.in/admin/admin_logged/banner_images/1334554564.pdf.</ref>

Average Energy Tariff Structure<ref>PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (2011). Comparative Study on Power Situation in the Northern and Central States of India. http://www.phdcci.in/admin/admin_logged/banner_images/1334554564.pdf.</ref>

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
|-
| style="width:319px" |
'''Average Energy Charges (Rs./KWh) for Industrial Consumer'''

| style="width:319px" |
'''Average Energy Charges (Rs./KWh) for Domestic Consumer'''

|-
| style="width:319px" |
3.2

| style="width:319px" |
2.4

|}

The average electricity tariff for the country stands at Rs. 4.18 KW/h for large industries, while it stands at RS. 3.4 KW/h for domestic consumers.

 

== Status of Renewable Energy ==

Under the State Electricity Act, 2003, the various state-level electricity regulators have specified a renewable purchase obligation. Accordingly, a set percentage of power must come from renewable sources. In case of UP this target has been set at 5%, of which 0.5% has to be from solar energy. However, UP has failed to achieve this target by falling short of about 50%.<ref>One World South Asia (2013): Greenpeace for revision of renewable energy policy in India. http://southasia.oneworld.net/news/greenpeace-calls-for-revision-of-renewable-energy-policy.</ref>

Uttar Pradesh also lags behind other states in the country in production of electricity through solar energy. While Gujarat produces 850 MW of electricity through solar energy, followed by Rajasthan at 201 MW, in Uttar Pradesh this figure is a meager. The first megawatt-capacity solar power plant had become operational in Uttar Pradesh in January 2013 in Barabanki (a 2 MW project).<ref>The Times of India (Feb 2013). Next big move in UP, energy from the sun: http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-02-13/lucknow/37078773_1_solar-energy-renewable-purchase-obligation-solar-power</ref>

 

== Rural Electrification ==

Number of Villages Electrified<ref>UPPCL (2010-11). Statistics at a Glance 2010-11. http://www.uppcl.org/uppcllink/documents/14022013030910Statistics_UPPCL_2010_11.pdf.</ref>

{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
|-
| style="width:160px" |
'''Year'''

| style="width:160px" |
'''Total Number of Villages'''

| style="width:160px" |
'''Number of Villages Electrified'''

| style="width:160px" |
'''In %'''

|-
| style="width:160px" |
'''2009-10'''

| style="width:160px" |
97942

| style="width:160px" |
86450

| style="width:160px" |
88.3

|}

 

In 2007 about 89% of households have been un-electrified, while the number indicated that only about 40% of the villages in UP have not been electrified.<ref>Transaction Advisory Services (2007). Models of Rural Electrification: Report to Forum of Indian Regulators. http://www.forumofregulators.gov.in/Data/Reports/Final_Foir_Report_5th_March07_Models_of_RE_E&Y%5B1%5D.pdf. </ref> This indicates that also today the number of un-electrified households is likely to be much higher than the number of un-electrified villages.

 

= Constrains and Opportunities =

The majority of power generated in Uttar Pradesh is reliant on coal, while the limited availability and high prices of coal have aggravated the precarious power situation in UP. Hence, there is an obvious need to develop alternate sources of energy. Uttar Pradesh is rich in renewable energy recourses such as biomass, solar and bio-fuels, of which only biomass has been considerably exploited. Uttar Pradesh is blessed with a good solar irradiation to the tune of 1,800 KW/h per m² on an annual average basis, which is considered necessary for operating a solar photovoltaic power plant. Thus, there are immense possibilities in this sector.<ref>The Times of India (Feb 2013). Next big move in UP, energy from the sun: http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-02-13/lucknow/37078773_1_solar-energy-renewable-purchase-obligation-solar-power</ref> Growth of renewable energy would definitely help the state in meeting its energy requirements.<ref>Udhyog Bandhu (2012). Renewable Energy in Uttar Pradesh: http://udyogbandhu.wordpress.com/2012/04/17/renewable-energy-in-uttar-pradesh/ </ref>

 

= Policy, Framework, Laws & Regulations =

In January, the Uttar Pradesh Cabinet approved the first-ever solar energy policy of the state. Under this policy, a target of producing 1000 MW of electricity through solar energy has been set by March 2017. For the purpose of promoting production of electricity by solar energy, a U.P. renewable energy fund has been created.<ref>The Times of India (Feb 2013). Next big move in UP, energy from the sun: http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-02-13/lucknow/37078773_1_solar-energy-renewable-purchase-obligation-solar-power</ref>

Apart from that UPNEDA runs a number of programmes addressing energy access and renewable energy:
<div>
*[http://neda.up.nic.in/PROGRAMMES/RVEP/RVEP.pdf Village Electrification Programme: Rajiv Gandhi Gramin Vidhutikran Yojna (RGGVY)]
*[http://neda.up.nic.in/PROGRAMMES/SEM/SEM.HTM Solar Energy Programme]
*[http://neda.up.nic.in/programmes/BEP/bio-prog.htm Bio Energy Programme]
*[http://neda.up.nic.in/programmes/MH.htm Micro Hydel Programme]
*[http://neda.up.nic.in/PROGRAMMES/WE/WE-INDEX.htm Wind Energy Programme]
*[http://neda.up.nic.in/PROGRAMMES/ENERGY-AUDIT-26-11-12.PDF Energy Conservation Programme]

Regulations:

[http://www.uperc.org/Notified_User.aspx http://www.uperc.org/Notified_User.aspx] (Uttar Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission)
<div id="edn1">
 
</div></div>
= Institutions Involved =

*[http://neda.up.nic.in/ Uttar Pradesh Non-Conventional Energy Development Agency (UPNEDA)]
*[http://www.uppcl.org/reforms.html Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL)]
*[http://www.uperc.org/Default2.aspx Uttar Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission (UPERC)]
*[http://www.uprvunl.org/ Uttar Pradesh Rajya Vidyut Utapadan Nigam (UPRVUNL)]
*[http://www.upjvn.org/ Uttar Pradesh Jal Vidyut Nigam (UPJVNL)]
*[http://www.kesco.co.in/ Kanpur Electricity Supply Company (KESCO)]

 

= References =

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 This situation also repeatedly forces the UP government to purchase power for high prices from other states in India. In 2011 for example the UP government bought power at rates as high as <span data-scayt_word="Rs" data-scaytid="4">Rs</span> 17 per unit from the central pool to ensure adequate supply in the state.<ref>The Economic Times (2011). Greenpeace called upon Uttra Pradesh government to demand a bigger share of decentralised renewable energy. http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-21/news/30306656_1_renewable-energy-rggvy-arpana-udupa</ref> This practice regularly incurs significant financial losses to the State Electricity Board, which (in part) have to be borne by the UP state government, constraining the state’s expenditures in areas social development such as education and public health.<ref>Planning Commission, GoI (2004). Uttar Pradesh Development Report. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/upsdr/vol-2/Chap_b7.pdf.</ref>
-In 1999 the UP government tried to address the problems of growing power shortage and poor financial condition of the State Electricity Board (<span data-scayt_word="SEB" data-scaytid="6">SEB</span>) by reforming UP’s power sector. The power sector was restructured in order to unbundle and privatize it. Accordingly the <span data-scayt_word="SEB" data-scaytid="7">SEB</span> has been divided into three independent <span data-scayt_word="cooperations" data-scaytid="8">cooperations</span>: UP Power Corporation Limited (<span data-scayt_word="UPPCL" data-scaytid="9">UPPCL</span>), UP <span data-scayt_word="Rajya" data-scaytid="11">Rajya</span> <span data-scayt_word="Vidyut" data-scaytid="12">Vidyut</span> <span data-scayt_word="Utapadan" data-scaytid="14">Utapadan</span> <span data-scayt_word="Nigam" data-scaytid="15">Nigam</span> (<span data-scayt_word="UPRVUNL" data-scaytid="17">UPRVUNL</span>) and UP <span data-scayt_word="Jal" data-scaytid="18">Jal</span> <span data-scayt_word="Vidyut" data-scaytid="13">Vidyut</span> <span data-scayt_word="Nigam" data-scaytid="16">Nigam</span> (<span data-scayt_word="UPJVNL" data-scaytid="19">UPJVNL</span>) – responsible for transmission and distribution, thermal generation, and hydro generation, respectively. Another distribution company, <span data-scayt_word="Kanpur" data-scaytid="20">Kanpur</span> Electricity Supply Company (<span data-scayt_word="KESCO" data-scaytid="21">KESCO</span>) was formed as a 100% subsidiary of <span data-scayt_word="UPPCL" data-scaytid="10">UPPCL</span>.<ref>http://saiindia.gov.in/english/home/Our_Products/Audit_report/Government_Wise/state_audit/recent_reports/Uttar_Pradesh/rep_2004/com_chapter2.4.pdf</ref>
+In 1999 the UP government tried to address the problems of growing power shortage and poor financial condition of the State Electricity Board (<span data-scayt_word="SEB" data-scaytid="6">SEB</span>) by reforming UP’s power sector. The power sector was restructured in order to unbundle and privatize it. Accordingly the <span data-scayt_word="SEB" data-scaytid="7">SEB</span> has been divided into three independent <span data-scayt_word="cooperations" data-scaytid="8">cooperations</span>: UP Power Corporation Limited (<span data-scayt_word="UPPCL" data-scaytid="9">UPPCL</span>), UP <span data-scayt_word="Rajya" data-scaytid="11">Rajya</span> <span data-scayt_word="Vidyut" data-scaytid="12">Vidyut</span> <span data-scayt_word="Utapadan" data-scaytid="14">Utapadan</span> <span data-scayt_word="Nigam" data-scaytid="15">Nigam</span> (<span data-scayt_word="UPRVUNL" data-scaytid="17">UPRVUNL</span>) and UP <span data-scayt_word="Jal" data-scaytid="18">Jal</span> <span data-scayt_word="Vidyut" data-scaytid="13">Vidyut</span> <span data-scayt_word="Nigam" data-scaytid="16">Nigam</span> (<span data-scayt_word="UPJVNL" data-scaytid="19">UPJVNL</span>) – responsible for transmission and distribution, thermal generation, and hydro generation, respectively. Another distribution company, <span data-scayt_word="Kanpur" data-scaytid="20">Kanpur</span> Electricity Supply Company (<span data-scayt_word="KESCO" data-scaytid="21">KESCO</span>) was formed as a 100% subsidiary of <span data-scayt_word="UPPCL" data-scaytid="10">UPPCL</span>.<ref name="http://bit.ly/1i0Xfr2">Review on Power Sector Reforms in Uttar Pradesh. http://bit.ly/1i0Xfr2</ref>
 However, the UP Electricity Reform Act, formulated in 1999, had several shortcomings, which is a major reason for the problems of the UP power sector to persist until today. Besides not curtailing the enormous powers of the <span data-scayt_word="Uttar" data-scaytid="23">Uttar</span> Pradesh Energy Regulatory Commission by making it accountable, and besides omitting the promotion of efficiency and energy conservation, the act did not address the main reasons for the financial problems of the <span data-scayt_word="SEB" data-scaytid="24">SEB</span>: High cost of power purchase in relation to the lower tariffs for consumers, which are determined by the UP government (no tariff adjustment), and arbitrary depreciation methods.<ref>Gurtoo, A. and Pandey, R. (2001): Power Sector in Uttar Pradesh: Past Problems and Initial Phase of Reforms, Economic and Political Weekly 36 (31), pp. 2943-2953.</ref> Additionally, the unbundling of the power sector was limited and did not lead to competition.<ref>Planning Commission, GoI (2004). Uttar Pradesh Development Report. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/upsdr/vol-2/Chap_b7.pdf.</ref>

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Status of the Power Sector<br/> =
-<span data-scayt_word="Uttar" data-scaytid="1">Uttar</span> Pradesh regularly experiences power crises because demand for electricity frequently exceeds supply significantly. Over the last 20 years power shortage has remained within the range of 10-15%, while shortages in periods of peak demand reaches at even higher levels. In 2013, even a gap of up to 43% opens up between the state's demand and supply of electricity. As per figures presented in the Power Ministry’s review meeting in March, the state's projected demand for summer 2013-14 is 15,839 MW showing a gap of 6,832 MW.<ref>The Times of India (Apr 2013). Power Crisis looms over UP, http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-11/delhi/38462152_1_300-mw-power-ministry-gap</ref> This results in poor and unreliable power supply with rampant power cuts and prolonged periods of low voltage. As a consequence industrial investment in <span data-scayt_word="Uttar" data-scaytid="2">Uttar</span> Pradesh has been constrained, with industries preferring to locate themselves elsewhere.<ref>Planning Commission, GoI (2004). Uttar Pradesh Development Report. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/upsdr/vol-2/Chap_b7.pdf. </ref>
+<span data-scayt_word="Uttar" data-scaytid="1">Uttar</span> Pradesh regularly experiences power crises because demand for electricity frequently exceeds supply significantly. Over the last 20 years power shortage has remained within the range of 10-15%, while shortages in periods of peak demand reaches at even higher levels. In 2013, even a gap of up to 43% opens up between the state's demand and supply of electricity. As per figures presented in the Power Ministry’s review meeting in March, the state's projected demand for summer 2013-14 is 15,839 MW showing a gap of 6,832 MW.<ref>The Times of India (Apr 2013). Power Crisis looms over UP,http://bit.ly/HIZTDM</ref> This results in poor and unreliable power supply with rampant power cuts and prolonged periods of low voltage. As a consequence industrial investment in <span data-scayt_word="Uttar" data-scaytid="2">Uttar</span> Pradesh has been constrained, with industries preferring to locate themselves elsewhere.<ref>Planning Commission, GoI (2004). Uttar Pradesh Development Report. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/upsdr/vol-2/Chap_b7.pdf. </ref>
 This situation also repeatedly forces the UP government to purchase power for high prices from other states in India. In 2011 for example the UP government bought power at rates as high as <span data-scayt_word="Rs" data-scaytid="4">Rs</span> 17 per unit from the central pool to ensure adequate supply in the state.<ref>The Economic Times (2011). Greenpeace called upon Uttra Pradesh government to demand a bigger share of decentralised renewable energy. http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-21/news/30306656_1_renewable-energy-rggvy-arpana-udupa</ref> This practice regularly incurs significant financial losses to the State Electricity Board, which (in part) have to be borne by the UP state government, constraining the state’s expenditures in areas social development such as education and public health.<ref>Planning Commission, GoI (2004). Uttar Pradesh Development Report. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/stateplan/upsdr/vol-2/Chap_b7.pdf.</ref>
@@ Line 178: / Line 179: @@
 |-
-| style="width:81px;  height:10px" |
+| style="width:81px; height:10px" |
 '''Total'''
-| style="width:80px;  height:10px" |
+| style="width:80px; height:10px" |
 '''''10763'''''
-| style="width:75px;  height:10px" |
+| style="width:75px; height:10px" |
 '''''550'''''
-| style="width:83px;  height:10px" |
+| style="width:83px; height:10px" |
 '''''11313'''''
-| style="width:82px;  height:10px" |
+| style="width:82px; height:10px" |
 '''''336'''''
-| style="width:79px;  height:10px" |
+| style="width:79px; height:10px" |
 '''''1821'''''
-| style="width:88px;  height:10px" |
+| style="width:88px; height:10px" |
 '''''824'''''
-| style="width:69px;  height:10px" |
+| style="width:69px; height:10px" |
 '''''14294'''''
@@ Line 515: / Line 516: @@
 <br/>
 = Constraints and Opportunities<br/> =

Uttar Pradesh Energy Situation - Revision history

Ranisha at 16:41, 9 December 2015

Ranisha at 06:36, 2 October 2014

Ranisha at 13:29, 23 September 2014

Ranisha at 09:41, 11 July 2014

Fungai Cecilia Sandamu at 13:37, 11 November 2013

Fungai Cecilia Sandamu: /* Status of the Power Sector */

Fungai Cecilia Sandamu: /* Status of the Power Sector */

Meenakshi Kapoor at 11:19, 21 May 2013

Fungai Cecilia Sandamu at 14:47, 7 May 2013

Christian Liedtke: Created page with " = Status of the Power Sector = Uttar Pradesh regularly experiences power crises because demand for electricity frequently exceeds supply significantly. Over the last 20..."

Christian Liedtke: Created page with " = Status of the Power Sector
= Uttar Pradesh regularly experiences power crises because demand for electricity frequently exceeds supply significantly. Over the last 20..."