https://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&feed=atom&action=historySmall Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP) - support from water to wire - Revision history2024-03-29T00:37:13ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.35.8https://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=116415&oldid=prevLisafeldmann at 09:55, 11 June 20152015-06-11T09:55:18Z<p></p>
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</table>Lisafeldmannhttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=116414&oldid=prevLisafeldmann at 09:54, 11 June 20152015-06-11T09:54:36Z<p></p>
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</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l11" >Line 11:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><u>Throughout the three phases of SHPP’s implementation the project’s objective was:</u></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><u>Throughout the three phases of SHPP’s implementation the project’s objective was:</u></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Phase 1: The demand for small hydropower stations of the rural population to improve the economic and social living conditions is satisfied through investments in this sector.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Phase 1: The demand for small hydropower stations of the rural population to improve the economic and social living conditions is satisfied through investments in this sector.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Phase 2: A market for the development and rehabilitation of small hydropower stations is established and supports the economic activities of stakeholders.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Phase 2: A market for the development and rehabilitation of small hydropower stations is established and supports the economic activities of stakeholders.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: left; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Type of hydro power scheme<ref name="Nepal Electricity Authority (2009): A year in review. Internet: http://www.nea.org.np/">Nepal Electricity Authority (2009): A year in review. Internet: http://www.nea.org.np/</ref>'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: left; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Type of hydro power scheme<ref name="Nepal Electricity Authority (2009): A year in review. Internet: http://www.nea.org.np/">Nepal Electricity Authority (2009): A year in review. Internet: http://www.nea.org.np/</ref>'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Capacity (MW)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Capacity (MW)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Generation (MW)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Generation (MW)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Share (%)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Share (%)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Total (MW)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Total (MW)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Total (%)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Total (%)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| rowspan="3" | state owned, grid connected</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| rowspan="3" | state owned, grid connected</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l114" >Line 114:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 115:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><u>Barriers for further development were therefore identified as the following:</u></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><u>Barriers for further development were therefore identified as the following:</u></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Lack of supportive policy for Independent Power Producers (IPPs)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Lack of supportive policy for Independent Power Producers (IPPs)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Lack of capacity of project developers and financial institutions to appraise feasibility studies prepared by engineering consultants</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Lack of capacity of project developers and financial institutions to appraise feasibility studies prepared by engineering consultants</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l125" >Line 125:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 127:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><u>Several specific gaps preventing large scale growth in the sector were identified:</u></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><u>Several specific gaps preventing large scale growth in the sector were identified:</u></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Low feed in rates: too low to attract large-scale investment at the prevailing cost levels and options for debt financing. A project with estimated 18% IRR gives little premium for investors when the debt rate is around 15%.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Low feed in rates: too low to attract large-scale investment at the prevailing cost levels and options for debt financing. A project with estimated 18% IRR gives little premium for investors when the debt rate is around 15%.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Lenient regulation in licensing. This caused many sites to be caught up by speculators without anything happening for years.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Lenient regulation in licensing. This caused many sites to be caught up by speculators without anything happening for years.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l137" >Line 137:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 140:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><u>Lines of intervention were:</u></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><u>Lines of intervention were:</u></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Policy advice: Although policy advice was not the focus mandate, SHPP made proposals and recommendations regarding energy policy issues trying to implement IPP supportive policies (e.g. the concept of Split-PPA which was incorporated in the draft of the Electricity Act in 2005 – see box on Split-PPA). As well as political consulting, many events were organised in the past years, for example on SHP and grid interconnection, standardization of power purchase agreements, quality certification and monitoring systems and how to deal with legal challenges for SHP around protected forest areas.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Policy advice: Although policy advice was not the focus mandate, SHPP made proposals and recommendations regarding energy policy issues trying to implement IPP supportive policies (e.g. the concept of Split-PPA which was incorporated in the draft of the Electricity Act in 2005 – see box on Split-PPA). As well as political consulting, many events were organised in the past years, for example on SHP and grid interconnection, standardization of power purchase agreements, quality certification and monitoring systems and how to deal with legal challenges for SHP around protected forest areas.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Review of '''feasibility studies (FS)''': SHPP, acting as an independent institution, reviewed FS for project developers as well as for the banks. By doing so, on-the-job-training for developers, consultants and banks in small hydropower plants was provided. At the time of project closure, banks were able to judge the feasibility of proposals, sometimes by in-house engineers.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Review of '''feasibility studies (FS)''': SHPP, acting as an independent institution, reviewed FS for project developers as well as for the banks. By doing so, on-the-job-training for developers, consultants and banks in small hydropower plants was provided. At the time of project closure, banks were able to judge the feasibility of proposals, sometimes by in-house engineers.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l150" >Line 150:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 154:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== SHPP’s Achievements ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== SHPP’s Achievements ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In total, 104 projects, mostly between 1-4 MW were directly supported by SHPP. Additionally, SHPP reviewed 300 feasibility studies of micro hydro projects for the AEPC. In 2009/10, SHPP conducted capacity building measures within AEPC with the aim of enabling [[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal_Energy_Situation</del>#<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Alternative_Energy_Promotion_Center_</del>.28AEPC.29|AEPC]] to take over some of the services offered by SHPP after project closure.<br/>Given the state of the sector in the early 90s and the following development of the SHP sector, IPPs have really taken off in Nepal. If we see the current project pipeline and the fact that electricity generated by IPPs adds up to 35% of grid power in Nepal, this can be an inspiration for comparable emerging countries. The activities of SHPP and others on different levels in the sector have been crucial and offer valuable experience.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In total, 104 projects, mostly between 1-4 MW were directly supported by SHPP. Additionally, SHPP reviewed 300 feasibility studies of micro hydro projects for the AEPC. In 2009/10, SHPP conducted capacity building measures within AEPC with the aim of enabling [[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal Energy Situation</ins>#<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Alternative Energy Promotion Center </ins>.28AEPC.29|AEPC]] to take over some of the services offered by SHPP after project closure.<br/>Given the state of the sector in the early 90s and the following development of the SHP sector, IPPs have really taken off in Nepal. If we see the current project pipeline and the fact that electricity generated by IPPs adds up to 35% of grid power in Nepal, this can be an inspiration for comparable emerging countries. The activities of SHPP and others on different levels in the sector have been crucial and offer valuable experience.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:SHPP as mediator.JPG|457px|RTENOTITLE]]<br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:SHPP as mediator.JPG|457px|RTENOTITLE]]<br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l158" >Line 158:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Piluwa Project =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Piluwa Project =</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 756px; width: 756px; height: 43px"</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 756px; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>width: 756px; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </ins>height: 43px"</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''This is part of a condensed report on the Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP). For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: '''[[Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP) Nepal Report|SHPP Report.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''This is part of a condensed report on the Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP). For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: '''[[Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP) Nepal Report|SHPP Report.]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Hydro]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Case_Study]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Nepal]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Nepal]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Hydro]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
</table>Lisafeldmannhttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=88281&oldid=prevRanisha at 12:59, 31 October 20142014-10-31T12:59:29Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:59, 31 October 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l2" >Line 2:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Overview =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Overview =</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This is part of a condensed report on the '''Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP)'''. For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: [[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_</del>(SHPP)<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">_Nepal_Report</del>|Nepal Report SHPP Report.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This is part of a condensed report on the '''Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP)'''. For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: [[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Small Hydropower Promotion Project </ins>(SHPP) <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal Report</ins>|Nepal Report SHPP Report.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l150" >Line 150:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== SHPP’s Achievements ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== SHPP’s Achievements ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In total, 104 projects, mostly between 1-4 MW were directly supported by SHPP. Additionally, SHPP reviewed 300 feasibility studies of micro hydro projects for the AEPC. In 2009/10, SHPP conducted capacity building measures within AEPC with the aim of enabling [[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal Country Situation</del>#<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Alternative Energy Promotion Center </del>.28AEPC.29|AEPC]] to take over some of the services offered by SHPP after project closure.<br/>Given the state of the sector in the early 90s and the following development of the SHP sector, IPPs have really taken off in Nepal. If we see the current project pipeline and the fact that electricity generated by IPPs adds up to 35% of grid power in Nepal, this can be an inspiration for comparable emerging countries. The activities of SHPP and others on different levels in the sector have been crucial and offer valuable experience.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In total, 104 projects, mostly between 1-4 MW were directly supported by SHPP. Additionally, SHPP reviewed 300 feasibility studies of micro hydro projects for the AEPC. In 2009/10, SHPP conducted capacity building measures within AEPC with the aim of enabling [[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal_Energy_Situation</ins>#<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Alternative_Energy_Promotion_Center_</ins>.28AEPC.29|AEPC]] to take over some of the services offered by SHPP after project closure.<br/>Given the state of the sector in the early 90s and the following development of the SHP sector, IPPs have really taken off in Nepal. If we see the current project pipeline and the fact that electricity generated by IPPs adds up to 35% of grid power in Nepal, this can be an inspiration for comparable emerging countries. The activities of SHPP and others on different levels in the sector have been crucial and offer valuable experience.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Nepal]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Hydro]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Hydro]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Nepal]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
</table>Ranishahttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=80587&oldid=prevRanisha at 10:02, 8 July 20142014-07-08T10:02:22Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:02, 8 July 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l21" >Line 21:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><br/></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Background of the Project ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Background of the Project ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l102" >Line 102:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 103:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Moreover, electricity supply is limited to 48% of the population most of which is in urban areas. The rural electrification rate is only around 8%. The low level of electrification as well as insufficient supply in the electrified areas hampers both economic development and access to information and education. Although the Nepalese government officially recognizes the importance of developing the electricity sector, and has passed a Hydropower Development Policy, the political instability of the country makes it difficult to develop and enact long-term strategies in general. To date, there is no National Energy Strategy for the country. A draft forwarded to the parliament cannot be approved as the parliament is incapacitated in its current situation. A draft of the Ordinance for the Development and Management of the Electricity Sector, to which SHPP contributed, has been pending in parliament since 2005. Up to now, the energy policy objectives which mainly emphasize the development of the hydropower sector are set up as a part of the general 5-Year Plans by the National Planning Commission. The current 3-Year Interim Plan (2007/08 – 2009/10) defining insufficient electricity supply as one of the most urgent problems of the country aims to produce significant increases of private sector participation in the hydropower sector as well as an extension of the NEA-generated capacity. The ambitious goal is to abandon the practice of load-shedding in 2013/14 by completing ongoing hydropower projects adding 105 MW generation capacity (85 MW by public sector, 20 MW by private sector) and the initiation of new hydropower projects with 2,115 MW capacity. However, knowing that hydropower projects in Nepal are usually delayed for a couple of years, these goals are very unlikely to be achieved. During the previous planning period, only 13% of the projected generation capacity increase was achieved.<br/>To date, among the on-grid hydropower plants, 19 with a generation capacity of 158 MW are operated by IPPs. Six IPP projects are under construction and for 25 projects the '''Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)''' has already been signed. In total, there are around 170 projects developed and operated by IPPs in different stages, ranging from 1 to 50 MW with a total capacity of 1600 MW. Although it has to be assumed that only a part of them will be realized, these numbers indicate that the hydropower sector with the support of SHPP has indeed become an attractive area for investment during the last decade. According to the Nepal Association of Independent Power Producers (IPPAN), capital available for hydropower in the country’s bank sector is sufficient to finance hydropower plants with a combined capacity of 50 MW in total. Since a deficit of confidence and capital is one of its direct effects, political instability can be seen as a major bottleneck for further development of this sector.<br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Moreover, electricity supply is limited to 48% of the population most of which is in urban areas. The rural electrification rate is only around 8%. The low level of electrification as well as insufficient supply in the electrified areas hampers both economic development and access to information and education. Although the Nepalese government officially recognizes the importance of developing the electricity sector, and has passed a Hydropower Development Policy, the political instability of the country makes it difficult to develop and enact long-term strategies in general. To date, there is no National Energy Strategy for the country. A draft forwarded to the parliament cannot be approved as the parliament is incapacitated in its current situation. A draft of the Ordinance for the Development and Management of the Electricity Sector, to which SHPP contributed, has been pending in parliament since 2005. Up to now, the energy policy objectives which mainly emphasize the development of the hydropower sector are set up as a part of the general 5-Year Plans by the National Planning Commission. The current 3-Year Interim Plan (2007/08 – 2009/10) defining insufficient electricity supply as one of the most urgent problems of the country aims to produce significant increases of private sector participation in the hydropower sector as well as an extension of the NEA-generated capacity. The ambitious goal is to abandon the practice of load-shedding in 2013/14 by completing ongoing hydropower projects adding 105 MW generation capacity (85 MW by public sector, 20 MW by private sector) and the initiation of new hydropower projects with 2,115 MW capacity. However, knowing that hydropower projects in Nepal are usually delayed for a couple of years, these goals are very unlikely to be achieved. During the previous planning period, only 13% of the projected generation capacity increase was achieved.<br/>To date, among the on-grid hydropower plants, 19 with a generation capacity of 158 MW are operated by IPPs. Six IPP projects are under construction and for 25 projects the '''Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)''' has already been signed. In total, there are around 170 projects developed and operated by IPPs in different stages, ranging from 1 to 50 MW with a total capacity of 1600 MW. Although it has to be assumed that only a part of them will be realized, these numbers indicate that the hydropower sector with the support of SHPP has indeed become an attractive area for investment during the last decade. According to the Nepal Association of Independent Power Producers (IPPAN), capital available for hydropower in the country’s bank sector is sufficient to finance hydropower plants with a combined capacity of 50 MW in total. Since a deficit of confidence and capital is one of its direct effects, political instability can be seen as a major bottleneck for further development of this sector.<br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>- > For further information about the energy sector in Nepal click [[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal_Energy_Situation</del>|here]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>- > For further information about the energy sector in Nepal click [[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal Energy Situation</ins>|here]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><br/></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Ten Years of Small Hydro Promotion Programme in Nepal ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Ten Years of Small Hydro Promotion Programme in Nepal ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l158" >Line 158:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 756px; width: 756px; height: 43px"</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 756px; width: 756px; height: 43px"</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''This is part of a condensed report on the Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP). For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: '''[[SHPP Nepal Report|SHPP Report.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''This is part of a condensed report on the Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP). For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: '''[[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Small Hydropower Promotion Project (</ins>SHPP<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">) </ins>Nepal Report|SHPP Report.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l179" >Line 179:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 181:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Hydro]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Nepal]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Nepal]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Hydro]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
</table>Ranishahttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=80585&oldid=prevRanisha: /* Background of the Project */2014-07-08T09:54:56Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Background of the Project</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 09:54, 8 July 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l20" >Line 20:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Background of the Project ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Background of the Project ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l101" >Line 101:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 102:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Moreover, electricity supply is limited to 48% of the population most of which is in urban areas. The rural electrification rate is only around 8%. The low level of electrification as well as insufficient supply in the electrified areas hampers both economic development and access to information and education. Although the Nepalese government officially recognizes the importance of developing the electricity sector, and has passed a Hydropower Development Policy, the political instability of the country makes it difficult to develop and enact long-term strategies in general. To date, there is no National Energy Strategy for the country. A draft forwarded to the parliament cannot be approved as the parliament is incapacitated in its current situation. A draft of the Ordinance for the Development and Management of the Electricity Sector, to which SHPP contributed, has been pending in parliament since 2005. Up to now, the energy policy objectives which mainly emphasize the development of the hydropower sector are set up as a part of the general 5-Year Plans by the National Planning Commission. The current 3-Year Interim Plan (2007/08 – 2009/10) defining insufficient electricity supply as one of the most urgent problems of the country aims to produce significant increases of private sector participation in the hydropower sector as well as an extension of the NEA-generated capacity. The ambitious goal is to abandon the practice of load-shedding in 2013/14 by completing ongoing hydropower projects adding 105 MW generation capacity (85 MW by public sector, 20 MW by private sector) and the initiation of new hydropower projects with 2,115 MW capacity. However, knowing that hydropower projects in Nepal are usually delayed for a couple of years, these goals are very unlikely to be achieved. During the previous planning period, only 13% of the projected generation capacity increase was achieved.<br/>To date, among the on-grid hydropower plants, 19 with a generation capacity of 158 MW are operated by IPPs. Six IPP projects are under construction and for 25 projects the '''Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)''' has already been signed. In total, there are around 170 projects developed and operated by IPPs in different stages, ranging from 1 to 50 MW with a total capacity of 1600 MW. Although it has to be assumed that only a part of them will be realized, these numbers indicate that the hydropower sector with the support of SHPP has indeed become an attractive area for investment during the last decade. According to the Nepal Association of Independent Power Producers (IPPAN), capital available for hydropower in the country’s bank sector is sufficient to finance hydropower plants with a combined capacity of 50 MW in total. Since a deficit of confidence and capital is one of its direct effects, political instability can be seen as a major bottleneck for further development of this sector.<br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Moreover, electricity supply is limited to 48% of the population most of which is in urban areas. The rural electrification rate is only around 8%. The low level of electrification as well as insufficient supply in the electrified areas hampers both economic development and access to information and education. Although the Nepalese government officially recognizes the importance of developing the electricity sector, and has passed a Hydropower Development Policy, the political instability of the country makes it difficult to develop and enact long-term strategies in general. To date, there is no National Energy Strategy for the country. A draft forwarded to the parliament cannot be approved as the parliament is incapacitated in its current situation. A draft of the Ordinance for the Development and Management of the Electricity Sector, to which SHPP contributed, has been pending in parliament since 2005. Up to now, the energy policy objectives which mainly emphasize the development of the hydropower sector are set up as a part of the general 5-Year Plans by the National Planning Commission. The current 3-Year Interim Plan (2007/08 – 2009/10) defining insufficient electricity supply as one of the most urgent problems of the country aims to produce significant increases of private sector participation in the hydropower sector as well as an extension of the NEA-generated capacity. The ambitious goal is to abandon the practice of load-shedding in 2013/14 by completing ongoing hydropower projects adding 105 MW generation capacity (85 MW by public sector, 20 MW by private sector) and the initiation of new hydropower projects with 2,115 MW capacity. However, knowing that hydropower projects in Nepal are usually delayed for a couple of years, these goals are very unlikely to be achieved. During the previous planning period, only 13% of the projected generation capacity increase was achieved.<br/>To date, among the on-grid hydropower plants, 19 with a generation capacity of 158 MW are operated by IPPs. Six IPP projects are under construction and for 25 projects the '''Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)''' has already been signed. In total, there are around 170 projects developed and operated by IPPs in different stages, ranging from 1 to 50 MW with a total capacity of 1600 MW. Although it has to be assumed that only a part of them will be realized, these numbers indicate that the hydropower sector with the support of SHPP has indeed become an attractive area for investment during the last decade. According to the Nepal Association of Independent Power Producers (IPPAN), capital available for hydropower in the country’s bank sector is sufficient to finance hydropower plants with a combined capacity of 50 MW in total. Since a deficit of confidence and capital is one of its direct effects, political instability can be seen as a major bottleneck for further development of this sector.<br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>- > For further information about the energy sector in Nepal click [[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal Country Situation</del>|here]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>- > For further information about the energy sector in Nepal click [[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nepal_Energy_Situation</ins>|here]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Ten Years of Small Hydro Promotion Programme in Nepal ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Ten Years of Small Hydro Promotion Programme in Nepal ==</div></td></tr>
</table>Ranishahttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=80579&oldid=prevRanisha at 09:49, 8 July 20142014-07-08T09:49:13Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 09:49, 8 July 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l2" >Line 2:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 2:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Overview =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Overview =</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This is part of a condensed report on the '''Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP)'''. For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: [<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">https://energypedia.info/</del>SHPP Nepal Report SHPP Report.]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This is part of a condensed report on the '''Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP)'''. For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: [<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(</ins>SHPP<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">)_Nepal_Report|</ins>Nepal Report SHPP Report.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]</ins>]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br/></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l29" >Line 29:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| border="1" style="width: 100%"</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| border="1" style="width: 100%"</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: left; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Type of hydro power scheme<ref name="Nepal Electricity Authority (2009): A year in review. Internet: http://www.nea.org.np/">Nepal Electricity Authority (2009): A year in review. Internet: http://www.nea.org.np/</ref>'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: left; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Type of hydro power scheme<ref name="Nepal Electricity Authority (2009): A year in review. Internet: http://www.nea.org.np/">Nepal Electricity Authority (2009): A year in review. Internet: http://www.nea.org.np/</ref>'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Capacity (MW)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Capacity (MW)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Generation (MW)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Generation (MW)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Share (%)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Share (%)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Total (MW)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Total (MW)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>background: #f0f0f0" | '''Total (%)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| style="text-align: center; background: #f0f0f0" | '''Total (%)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| rowspan="3" | state owned, grid connected</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| rowspan="3" | state owned, grid connected</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l154" >Line 154:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 154:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Piluwa Project =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>= Piluwa Project =</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 756px; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>width: 756px; <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>height: 43px"</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 756px; width: 756px; height: 43px"</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''This is part of a condensed report on the Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP). For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: '''[[SHPP Nepal Report|SHPP Report.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''This is part of a condensed report on the Small Hydropower Promotion Projct (SHPP). For an overview on the whole report please refer to following page: '''[[SHPP Nepal Report|SHPP Report.]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Nepal]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Hydro]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Hydro]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Nepal]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
</table>Ranishahttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=61079&oldid=prevWiki Gardener at 14:26, 25 July 20132013-07-25T14:26:03Z<p></p>
<a href="https://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=61079&oldid=59498">Show changes</a>Wiki Gardenerhttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=59498&oldid=prevWiki Gardener at 14:20, 20 June 20132013-06-20T14:20:46Z<p></p>
<a href="https://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=59498&oldid=38434">Show changes</a>Wiki Gardenerhttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=38434&oldid=prevTai Becker at 09:05, 1 September 20112011-09-01T09:05:29Z<p></p>
<a href="https://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=38434&oldid=37824">Show changes</a>Tai Beckerhttps://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Small_Hydropower_Promotion_Project_(SHPP)_-_support_from_water_to_wire&diff=37824&oldid=prevTai Becker at 14:06, 26 August 20112011-08-26T14:06:20Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:06, 26 August 2011</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l120" >Line 120:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 120:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Moreover, electricity supply is limited to 48% of the population most of which is in urban areas. The rural electrification rate is only around 8%. The low level of electrification as well as insufficient supply in the electrified areas hampers both economic development and access to information and education. Although the Nepalese government officially recognizes the importance of developing the electricity sector, and has passed a Hydropower Development Policy, the political instability of the country makes it difficult to develop and enact long-term strategies in general. To date, there is no National Energy Strategy for the country. A draft forwarded to the parliament cannot be approved as the parliament is incapacitated in its current situation. A draft of the Ordinance for the Development and Management of the Electricity Sector, to which SHPP contributed, has been pending in parliament since 2005. Up to now, the energy policy objectives which mainly emphasize the development of the hydropower sector are set up as a part of the general 5-Year Plans by the National Planning Commission. The current 3-Year Interim Plan (2007/08 – 2009/10) defining insufficient electricity supply as one of the most urgent problems of the country aims to produce significant increases of private sector participation in the hydropower sector as well as an extension of the NEA-generated capacity. The ambitious goal is to abandon the practice of load-shedding in 2013/14 by completing ongoing hydropower projects adding 105 MW generation capacity (85 MW by public sector, 20 MW by private sector) and the initiation of new hydropower projects with 2,115 MW capacity. However, knowing that hydropower projects in Nepal are usually delayed for a couple of years, these goals are very unlikely to be achieved. During the previous planning period, only 13% of the projected generation capacity increase was achieved.<br>To date, among the on-grid hydropower plants, 19 with a generation capacity of 158 MW are operated by IPPs. Six IPP projects are under construction and for 25 projects the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) has already been signed. In total, there are around 170 projects developed and operated by IPPs in different stages, ranging from 1 to 50 MW with a total capacity of 1600 MW. Although it has to be assumed that only a part of them will be realized, these numbers indicate that the hydropower sector with the support of SHPP has indeed become an attractive area for investment during the last decade. According to the Nepal Association of Independent Power Producers (IPPAN), capital available for hydropower in the country’s banks is sufficient to finance hydropower plants with a combined capacity of 50 MW at the same time. Since a deficit of confidence and capital is one of its direct effects, political instability can be seen as a major bottleneck for further development of this sector.<br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Moreover, electricity supply is limited to 48% of the population most of which is in urban areas. The rural electrification rate is only around 8%. The low level of electrification as well as insufficient supply in the electrified areas hampers both economic development and access to information and education. Although the Nepalese government officially recognizes the importance of developing the electricity sector, and has passed a Hydropower Development Policy, the political instability of the country makes it difficult to develop and enact long-term strategies in general. To date, there is no National Energy Strategy for the country. A draft forwarded to the parliament cannot be approved as the parliament is incapacitated in its current situation. A draft of the Ordinance for the Development and Management of the Electricity Sector, to which SHPP contributed, has been pending in parliament since 2005. Up to now, the energy policy objectives which mainly emphasize the development of the hydropower sector are set up as a part of the general 5-Year Plans by the National Planning Commission. The current 3-Year Interim Plan (2007/08 – 2009/10) defining insufficient electricity supply as one of the most urgent problems of the country aims to produce significant increases of private sector participation in the hydropower sector as well as an extension of the NEA-generated capacity. The ambitious goal is to abandon the practice of load-shedding in 2013/14 by completing ongoing hydropower projects adding 105 MW generation capacity (85 MW by public sector, 20 MW by private sector) and the initiation of new hydropower projects with 2,115 MW capacity. However, knowing that hydropower projects in Nepal are usually delayed for a couple of years, these goals are very unlikely to be achieved. During the previous planning period, only 13% of the projected generation capacity increase was achieved.<br>To date, among the on-grid hydropower plants, 19 with a generation capacity of 158 MW are operated by IPPs. Six IPP projects are under construction and for 25 projects the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) has already been signed. In total, there are around 170 projects developed and operated by IPPs in different stages, ranging from 1 to 50 MW with a total capacity of 1600 MW. Although it has to be assumed that only a part of them will be realized, these numbers indicate that the hydropower sector with the support of SHPP has indeed become an attractive area for investment during the last decade. According to the Nepal Association of Independent Power Producers (IPPAN), capital available for hydropower in the country’s banks is sufficient to finance hydropower plants with a combined capacity of 50 MW at the same time. Since a deficit of confidence and capital is one of its direct effects, political instability can be seen as a major bottleneck for further development of this sector.<br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For further information about the energy sector in Nepal click [[Nepal Country Situation|here]].</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>For further information about the energy sector in Nepal click <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>[[Nepal Country Situation|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>here<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>]]<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Ten years of Small Hydro Promotion Programme in Nepal&nbsp; ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Ten years of Small Hydro Promotion Programme in Nepal&nbsp; ==</div></td></tr>
</table>Tai Becker