Difference between revisions of "World Bank Reasons for Success and Failure of Stove Projects"

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'''<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">Possible reasons for success or failure of stove programs,<o:p></o:p></span>''' '''<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">World Bank 1994 <o:p></o:p></span>'''
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'''<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">Possible reasons for success or failure of stove programs,</span>''' '''<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb">World Bank 1994 </span>'''
 
 
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
 
 
 
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
 
  
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<br>
  
 
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|- style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"
 
|- style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes"
 
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'''<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Reasons for success<o:p></o:p></span>'''
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'''<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Reasons for success&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>'''
  
 
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'''<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Reasons for failure<o:p></o:p></span>'''
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'''<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Reasons for failure&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>'''
  
 
|- style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"
 
|- style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes"
 
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| style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 238.65pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="318" |  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Program targets region where traditional fuel and stove are purchased of fuel is hard to collect<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Program targets region where traditional fuel and stove are purchased of fuel is hard to collect&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">People cook in environments where smoke causes health problems and is annoying.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">People cook in environments where smoke causes health problems and is annoying.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Market surveys are undertaken to assess potential market for improved stoves.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Market surveys are undertaken to assess potential market for improved stoves.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Stoves are designed according to consumer preferences, including testing under actual use.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Stoves are designed according to consumer preferences, including testing under actual use.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Stoves are designed with assistance from local artisans.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Stoves are designed with assistance from local artisans.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Local or crap materials are used in production, making it relatively inexpensive.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Local or crap materials are used in production, making it relatively inexpensive.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The production of the stove by artisans or manufacturers is not subsidized.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The production of the stove by artisans or manufacturers is not subsidized.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Stove or critical components are mass produced.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Stove or critical components are mass produced.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Similar to traditional stove.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Similar to traditional stove.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The stove is easy to light and accepts different sized wood.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The stove is easy to light and accepts different sized wood.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Power output of stove can be adjusted.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Power output of stove can be adjusted.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The government assists only in dissemination, technical advice, and quality control.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The government assists only in dissemination, technical advice, and quality control.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The stove saves fuel, time, and effort.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The stove saves fuel, time, and effort.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Donor or government support extended over at least 5 years and designed to build local institutions and to develop local expertise.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Donor or government support extended over at least 5 years and designed to build local institutions and to develop local expertise.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Monitoring and evaluation criteria and responsibilities chosen during planning stages according to specific goals of project.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Monitoring and evaluation criteria and responsibilities chosen during planning stages according to specific goals of project.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Consumer payback of 1 to 3 months.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Consumer payback of 1 to 3 months.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
 
| style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 238.65pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="318" |  
 
| style="border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 3.5pt; border-top: #ece9d8; padding-left: 3.5pt; padding-bottom: 0cm; border-left: #ece9d8; width: 238.65pt; padding-top: 0cm; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" valign="top" width="318" |  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Program targets region where traditional fuel and stove are not purchased or fuel is easy to collect<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Program targets region where traditional fuel and stove are not purchased or fuel is easy to collect&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">People cook in the open and smoke is not really a problem<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">People cook in the open and smoke is not really a problem&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Outside “experts” determine that improved stoves are required.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Outside “experts” determine that improved stoves are required.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Stove is designed as a technical package in the laboratory, ignoring customers’ preferences.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Stove is designed as a technical package in the laboratory, ignoring customers’ preferences.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Local artisans are told or even contracted to build stoves according to specifications.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Local artisans are told or even contracted to build stoves according to specifications.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Imported materials are used in the production of the stove, making it expensive.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Imported materials are used in the production of the stove, making it expensive.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The production of the stove by artisans or manufacturers is subsidized.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The production of the stove by artisans or manufacturers is subsidized.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Critical stove components are custom built.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Critical stove components are custom built.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Dissimilar to traditional stove.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Dissimilar to traditional stove.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The stove is difficult to light and requires the use of small pieces of wood.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The stove is difficult to light and requires the use of small pieces of wood.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Power output cannot be easily controlled.<o:p></o:p></span>
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*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Power output cannot be easily controlled.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The government is involved in production.<o:p></o:p></span>
+
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The government is involved in production.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
+
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The stove does not live up to promised economy or convenience under real cooking conditions.<o:p></o:p></span>
+
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">The stove does not live up to promised economy or convenience under real cooking conditions.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Major achievements expected in less than 3 years, all analysis, planning, and management done by outsiders.<o:p></o:p></span>
+
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Major achievements expected in less than 3 years, all analysis, planning, and management done by outsiders.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span>
+
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">&lt;o:p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Monitoring and evaluation needs are not planned and budgeted or criteria are taken uncritically from other projects or not explicitly expressed.<o:p></o:p></span>
+
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Monitoring and evaluation needs are not planned and budgeted or criteria are taken uncritically from other projects or not explicitly expressed.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>  
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Consumer payback of more than1 year.<o:p></o:p></span>
+
*<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; mso-ansi-language: en-gb; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt">Consumer payback of more than1 year.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;</span>
  
 
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Revision as of 14:29, 21 May 2010

Possible reasons for success or failure of stove programs, World Bank 1994


Reasons for success<o:p></o:p>

Reasons for failure<o:p></o:p>

  • Program targets region where traditional fuel and stove are purchased of fuel is hard to collect<o:p></o:p>
  • People cook in environments where smoke causes health problems and is annoying.<o:p></o:p>
  • Market surveys are undertaken to assess potential market for improved stoves.<o:p></o:p>
  • Stoves are designed according to consumer preferences, including testing under actual use.<o:p></o:p>
  • Stoves are designed with assistance from local artisans.<o:p></o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

  • Local or crap materials are used in production, making it relatively inexpensive.<o:p></o:p>
  • The production of the stove by artisans or manufacturers is not subsidized.<o:p></o:p>
  • Stove or critical components are mass produced.<o:p></o:p>
  • Similar to traditional stove.<o:p></o:p>
  • The stove is easy to light and accepts different sized wood.<o:p></o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

  • Power output of stove can be adjusted.<o:p></o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

  • The government assists only in dissemination, technical advice, and quality control.<o:p></o:p>
  • The stove saves fuel, time, and effort.<o:p></o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

  • Donor or government support extended over at least 5 years and designed to build local institutions and to develop local expertise.<o:p></o:p>
  • Monitoring and evaluation criteria and responsibilities chosen during planning stages according to specific goals of project.<o:p></o:p>
  • Consumer payback of 1 to 3 months.<o:p></o:p>
  • Program targets region where traditional fuel and stove are not purchased or fuel is easy to collect<o:p></o:p>
  • People cook in the open and smoke is not really a problem<o:p></o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

  • Outside “experts” determine that improved stoves are required.<o:p></o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

  • Stove is designed as a technical package in the laboratory, ignoring customers’ preferences.<o:p></o:p>
  • Local artisans are told or even contracted to build stoves according to specifications.<o:p></o:p>
  • Imported materials are used in the production of the stove, making it expensive.<o:p></o:p>
  • The production of the stove by artisans or manufacturers is subsidized.<o:p></o:p>
  • Critical stove components are custom built.<o:p></o:p>
  • Dissimilar to traditional stove.<o:p></o:p>
  • The stove is difficult to light and requires the use of small pieces of wood.<o:p></o:p>
  • Power output cannot be easily controlled.<o:p></o:p>
  • The government is involved in production.<o:p></o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

  • The stove does not live up to promised economy or convenience under real cooking conditions.<o:p></o:p>
  • Major achievements expected in less than 3 years, all analysis, planning, and management done by outsiders.<o:p></o:p>

<o:p> </o:p>

  • Monitoring and evaluation needs are not planned and budgeted or criteria are taken uncritically from other projects or not explicitly expressed.<o:p></o:p>
  • Consumer payback of more than1 year.<o:p></o:p>