Difference between revisions of "Introduction to the Concept of Sustainability"

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<h1> <b>A Introduction to the Concept of Sustainability</b>  </h1>
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font> </font> </font> </font> </font> </font> </font> </font> </font> </font> </font> </font>
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<h2> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><u><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">History:&nbsp;</span></u></font></font></font>  </h2>
 
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<p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">Sustainability
 
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did not play any role in development projects until the late 1980s.
 
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But a steady growing population, especially in the developing world,
 
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environmental worries like deforestation, desertification, air
 
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pollution, toxic waste and ongoing scarceness of clean water and the
 
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absence of ground-braking success in poverty reduction putted it on
 
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the Agenda of the United Nations.</span></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><br />
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;"><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">In
 
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1983 the UN Secretary General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar invited
 
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Norwegian prime minister Gro Harlem Brundtland to chair a World
 
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Commission on Environment and Development. The commission´s report
 
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was finally presented in 1987 and established the concept of
 
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</span></span><span lang="en-US"><i><span style="text-decoration: none;">sustainable</span></i> development.</span></span></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;"><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">Brundtland
 
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declared that only </span></span><span lang="en-US"><i><span style="text-decoration: none;">sustainable</span></i></span><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">
 
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development could lead to the fulfillment of human needs with the
 
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protection of air, soil, water and all forms of life - from which,
 
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ultimately, planetary stability was inseparable. Therefor, for the
 
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first time poverty reduction was linked with environmentalism and
 
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vice versa. </span></span></span></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">The
 
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findings of this report led to the first Earth Summit - the UN
 
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Conference on Environment and Development - at Rio de Janeiro in
 
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1992, and to the Agenda 21.</span></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;"><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">Today,
 
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more then 20 years after the release of the Brundtland Report,
 
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sustainable development is one of the key issues on the political
 
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agenda. But as the report indicates, arriving at a commonly accepted
 
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definition of </span></span><span lang="en-US"><i><span style="text-decoration: none;">sustainable</span></i> development</span><span lang="en-US">
 
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remains a challenge for all the actors in the development process.</span></span></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><br /></font></font></font>
 
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</p>
 
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<h2> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><u><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">Prominent Definitions:</span></u></font></font></font></font></font></font>  </h2>
 
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<p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><u><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">Oxford
 
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Dictionary:</span></u></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;"><span lang="en-US"><i><span style="text-decoration: none;">sustainable</span></i></span><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">
 
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</span></span></span></font></font></font><font><font><font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><br /></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">(1) involving the use of natural products and energy in a way that does not harm the environment;</font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">(2) that can continue or be continued for a long time</font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><br />
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;"><span lang="en-US"><u>GTZ:</u></span><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">
 
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</span></span><i><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">(</span></span><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">Declared</span> in 2005 sustainable development to be the corporate guiding principle)</span></i><span lang="en-US">
 
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</span></span></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">For
 
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the work of GTZ, sustainable development means:</span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">
 
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</p>
 
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<ol><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">supporting </span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">economic growth for more prosperity in partner countries</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</li></ol>
 
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<p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">
 
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</p>
 
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<ol><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">ensuring
 
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</li></ol>
 
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<p></span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">equal opportunities for rich and poor, North and South, women and men</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">
 
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</p>
 
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<ol><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">utilizing
 
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</li></ol>
 
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<p></span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">natural resources for the benefit of present and future generations</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><br /> <br /></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;"><span lang="en-US"><u>Reinhard
 
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Stockmann:</u></span><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">
 
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(Scholar)</span></span></span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">A
 
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project in development cooperation is sustainable</span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">
 
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</p>
 
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<ol><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">if
 
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</li></ol>
 
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<p></span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">there were built up adequate structures which enable the counterpart or beneficiary to successfully react on changing environmental conditions (problem solving capacity)</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">
 
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</p>
 
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<ol><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">if
 
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</li></ol>
 
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<p></span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">there are planned and unplanned multiplier effects (Multiplikatorwirkungen), in a way that benefits spread to a wider population</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">
 
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</p>
 
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<ol><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">if </span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">the project becomes a role model for others</font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</li></ol>
 
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<p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><br /> <br /></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;"><span lang="en-US"><u>Franz
 
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Nuscheler:</u></span><span lang="en-US"><span style="text-decoration: none;">
 
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(Scholar)</span></span></span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">Nuscheler
 
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defines it as a  </span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">
 
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</p>
 
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<ol><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">permanent impact, </span></font></font></font>
 
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</li><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">economic efficient/ productive,
 
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</li></ol>
 
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<p></span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font> <font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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<font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3">
 
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</p>
 
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<ol><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">social fair and </span></font></font></font>
 
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</li><li><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">environmental compatible&nbsp;</span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</li></ol>
 
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<p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><span style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-origin: padding; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous;">development <i>(„dauerhafte,</i>
 
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wirtschaftlich leistungsfähige, sozial gerechte und
 
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umweltverträgliche Entwicklung“)''<i>.&nbsp;</i></span></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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</p><p><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><font color="#000000"><font face="Helvetica, sans-serif"><font size="3"><br /></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font></font>
 
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[[Category:Sustainability]]
 
[[Category:Sustainability]]

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