Solar Water Purification (PA Technology)

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Last modified by Axel Heinemann on 2014-12-15. This is a wiki so please feel free to update information by clicking on "Edit with form". | Printable version

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Name of technology example:		Type
Solar Water Purification		☐ Energy Efficiency ☑ Renewable Energy ☑ Alternative Methodology

Description	"Solar water disinfection is a type of portable water purification that uses solar energy, in one or more ways, to make contaminated water safe to drink by ridding it of infectious disease-causing biological agents such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa and worms. However, disinfection may not make all kinds of water safe to drink due to non-biological agents such as toxic chemicals or heavy metals. Consequently, additional steps beyond disinfection may be necessary to make water clean to drink. There are three primary subsets of solar water disinfection: Electric. Solar disinfection using the effects of electricity generated by photovoltaic panels (solar PV). Heat. Solar thermal water disinfection. UV. Solar ultraviolet water disinfection. Solar disinfection using the effects of electricity generated by photovoltaics typically uses an electrical current to deliver electrolytic processes which disinfect water, for example by generating oxidative free radicals which kill pathogens by damaging their chemical structure. A second approach uses stored solar electricity from a battery, and operates at night or at low light levels to power an ultraviolet lamp to perform secondary solar ultraviolet water disinfection. Solar thermal water disinfection uses heat from the sun to heat water to 70C-100C for a short period of time. A number of approaches exist here. Solar heat collectors can have lenses in front of them, or use reflectors. They may also use varying levels of insulation or glazing. In addition, some solar thermal water disinfection processes are batch-based, while others (through-flow solar thermal disinfection) operate almost continuously while the sun shines. Water heated to temperatures below 100C is generally referred to as Pasteurized water. Solar ultraviolet water disinfection, also known as SODIS, is a method of disinfecting water using only sunlight and plastic PET bottles. SODIS is a free and effective method for decentralized water treatment, usually applied at the household level and is recommended by the World Health Organization as a viable method for household water treatment and safe storage. SODIS is already applied in numerous developing countries. Educational pamphlets on the method are available in many languages, each equivalent to the English-language version. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_water_disinfection
Technology for the Application of	☑ Solar ☐ Biomass ☐ Biofuel ☐ Biogas ☐ Wind ☐ Geo-Thermal ☐ Hydro ☐ Energy Efficiency ☐ Other: /
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Steps	☐ Mechanization ☐ Efficiency of Operation ☐ Processing ☐ Transportation ☐ Controlled Atmosphere ☐ Controlled Temperature ☐ Mechanical Sorting ☐ Preservation ☑ Other: Purification
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Activities	☐ Grinding ☐ Hauling and conveying ☐ Sorting ☐ Seedbed Preparation ☐ Milling ☐ Tearing ☐ Planting ☑ Washing ☐ Mixing ☐ Pumping ☐ Heating ☐ Drying ☑ Irrigation ☐ Cooling ☑ Animal feeding ☐ Fertilizing ☐ Venting ☐ Animal health and Welfare ☑ Pest Management ☐ Lighting ☐ Packing and branding ☐ Cutting ☑ Sanitation ☐ Other: /
Primarily Implemented in the following Commodity Groups	☐ Cereals ☑ Fruits and vegetables ☐ Nuts and berries ☐ Forage ☐ Dairy products ☐ Meat products ☐ Oil Seeds ☐ Roots and Tubers ☐ Eggs ☐ Pulses ☐ Fiber Crops ☐ Forestry ☐ Sugars ☐ Stimulants ☐ Spices ☐ Other: /
Region & Country of Development	N/A ☐ Africa ☐ South Asia ☐ East Asia & The Pacific ☐ Europe & Central Asia ☐ Latin America & The Caribbean ☐ Middle East & North Africa ☐ North America ☑ N/A: Region of development cannot be named
Region & Country of Current Deployment	None ☐ Africa ☐ South Asia ☐ East Asia & The Pacific ☐ Europe & Central Asia ☐ Latin America & The Caribbean ☐ Middle East & North Africa ☐ North America ☐ N/A: /
Region & Country of Potential Deployment	Worldwide ☑ Africa ☑ South Asia ☑ East Asia & The Pacific ☑ Europe & Central Asia ☑ Latin America & The Caribbean ☑ Middle East & North Africa ☑ North America ☐ N/A: /
Manufacturers	N/A
Economics	Low cost;
Technology Development Level	Pilot projects and irst implementation;
Required Maintenance Technical Level	Low: Technology to be maintained through its life cycle requires less common tools and/or training is required for maintenance;
Required Infrastructure for Deployment	Low: Technology can be developed with less common tools, low development level supporting technologies and moderately trained personnel; Training and education;
Required Resources during manufacture	Metal, plastics, simple tools;
Required Resources during operation	None;
Deployment Level	Prototype testing and local availability;
Deployment Capability and Potential	The technology can be widely deployed, limited by education;
Requirements for Deployment	Education and training, establishing manufacturing and distribution structures;
Relevance for Autonomy and Food Security	Yes;
Environment Impacts (emissions)	None;
Conformity with Bio- Cybernetic System Rules	Yes;
Additional information / Comments	No comments.
Internal Reference
Additional Links	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_water_disinfection http://www.builditsolar.com/Projects/Cooking/cooking.htm#SolarStills http://www.gabrielediamanti.com/projects/eliodomestico---how-does-it-work/ http://practicalaction.org/solar-distillation-1 http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2013/clean-water-solar-powered-system-0911.html

"Renewable Energy, Alternative Methodology" is not in the list (Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Alternative Methodology) of allowed values for the "PAT Type" property.