Difference between revisions of "Type of On-Grid Activities"
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= Overview = | = Overview = | ||
− | + | Access to electricity is among the lowest in the world, especially in rural areas. Often many district capitals depend on expensive and often unreliable power generation with diesel generators. Outside these towns, the situation is even worse. The overwhelming majority of rural households, most rural schools, health centres and administrative posts are without [[Access to Modern Energy|access to electricity]]. Energy solutions must consider this reality and combine extension and densification of the national electricity grid along with the adoption of modern technological solutions and [[Basic Energy Services - Overview|energy services]].<ref name="Energising Development (EnDev) - http://endev.info/content/Main_Page">Energising Development (EnDev) - http://endev.info/content/Main_Page</ref> | |
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{| align="left" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" style="width: 100%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | {| align="left" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" style="width: 100%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
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− | | [[File:Picture1.jpg| | + | | Grid extension means to connect the facility to the local utility grid. If a grid system is available, the grid power is typically the most cost effective power supply. Grid extension is therefore a network expansion from the national power transmission system to new areas and communities. The cost of extending lines to rural facilities can be prohibitively expensive. |
+ | | [[File:Picture1.jpg|thumb|center|150px|Grid extension: Benin, Ghana, Nicaragua, Nepal|alt=Picture1.jpg]] | ||
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{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="5" border="0" style="width: 100%" | {| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="5" border="0" style="width: 100%" | ||
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− | | [[File:Picture2.jpg| | + | | |
+ | New grid connection expecially for households living close to the local utility grid but who are not yet connected. | ||
+ | |||
+ | <u>Grid densification divided into two categories<ref name="energypedia: https://energypedia.info/wiki/Grid_Extension_vs_Off_grid,_Island_/_Isolated_System#Basic_Definitions">energypedia: https://energypedia.info/wiki/Grid_Extension_vs_Off_grid,_Island_/_Isolated_System#Basic_Definitions</ref>:</u> | ||
+ | #Grid densification by transformation, if villages which are located in close proximity to an existing transmission line will be connected, change of voltage level. | ||
+ | #Densification within an existing low-voltage distribution grid, connection of additional households. | ||
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+ | <br/> | ||
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+ | | [[File:Picture2.jpg|thumb|center|150px|Grid densification (with and without transformation): Bolivia, Peru, Mozambique, Uganda|alt=Picture2.jpg]][[File:Picture3.jpg|thumb|center|150px|Grid densification (with and without transformation) - 2: Bolivia, Peru, Mozambique, Uganda|alt=Picture3.jpg]] | ||
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= Costs<br/> = | = Costs<br/> = | ||
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+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Benin Energy Situation|Benin]] | ||
+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Ghana Energy Situation|Ghana]] | ||
| style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | | ||
− | + | [[Nicaragua Energy Situation|Nicaragua]] | |
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+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Bolivia Energy Situation|Bolivia]] | ||
+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Peru Energy Situation|Peru]] | ||
+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Mozambique Energy Situation|Mozambique]] | ||
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| style="height: 39px; width: 173px" | | | style="height: 39px; width: 173px" | | ||
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+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Benin Energy Situation|Benin]] | ||
+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Ghana Energy Situation|Ghana]] | ||
| style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | | ||
− | + | [[Nicaragua Energy Situation|Nicaragua]] | |
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+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Bolivia Energy Situation|Bolivia]] | ||
+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Peru Energy Situation|Peru]] | ||
+ | | style="width: 173px; height: 39px; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204)" | [[Mozambique Energy Situation|Mozambique]] | ||
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| style="height: 39px; width: 173px" | | | style="height: 39px; width: 173px" | | ||
− | '''EnDev subsidy'''<span></span> | + | '''[[Energising Development (EnDev)|EnDev]] subsidy'''<span></span> |
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− | = Additional Support = | + | = Additional Support<ref name="Experience from EnDev Project - https://energypedia.info/wiki/Energising_Development_%28EnDev%29">Experience from EnDev Project - https://energypedia.info/wiki/Energising_Development_%28EnDev%29</ref> = |
*<span style="color: black; font-family: arial">Procurement support</span> | *<span style="color: black; font-family: arial">Procurement support</span> | ||
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− | = Lessons Learned<br/> = | + | = Lessons Learned<ref name="Experience from EnDev Project - https://energypedia.info/wiki/Energising_Development_%28EnDev%29">Experience from EnDev Project - https://energypedia.info/wiki/Energising_Development_%28EnDev%29</ref><br/> = |
*<span style="font-family: arial; color: black">Some utilities are not interested in grid densification</span> | *<span style="font-family: arial; color: black">Some utilities are not interested in grid densification</span> | ||
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*<span style="font-family: arial; color: black">In several countries power generation capacity cannot <span style="font-family: arial; color: black">keep up with<span></span>grid extension</span></span> | *<span style="font-family: arial; color: black">In several countries power generation capacity cannot <span style="font-family: arial; color: black">keep up with<span></span>grid extension</span></span> | ||
*<span style="font-family: arial; color: black">In rural areas several households are connected to a meter to save the connection fee which can be legal or illegal according to national and local regulation. In some of these case voltage drop can be a severe problem</span> | *<span style="font-family: arial; color: black">In rural areas several households are connected to a meter to save the connection fee which can be legal or illegal according to national and local regulation. In some of these case voltage drop can be a severe problem</span> | ||
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-> [https://energypedia.info/wiki/Category:Lessons_Learned Lessons Learned Category on energypedia]<br/> | -> [https://energypedia.info/wiki/Category:Lessons_Learned Lessons Learned Category on energypedia]<br/> | ||
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= Further Information = | = Further Information = | ||
*[[Portal:Grid|Grid Portal on energypedia]] | *[[Portal:Grid|Grid Portal on energypedia]] | ||
+ | *Grid Extension / Densification Approaches:[[Community Rural Electrification Programme (CREP) Nepal|Community Rural Electrification Programme (CREP), Nepal]] | ||
+ | *[http://www.regie-energie.qc.ca/audiences/3535-04/RepDDR/FQM_ReducingCostGrid_3535_16jan06.pdf Reducing the Cost of Grid Extension for R ural Electrification, NRECA International, Ltd.] | ||
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= References<br/> = | = References<br/> = | ||
− | <references /> | + | <references /><br/> |
[[Category:Grid]] | [[Category:Grid]] |
Latest revision as of 12:31, 15 August 2014
Overview
Access to electricity is among the lowest in the world, especially in rural areas. Often many district capitals depend on expensive and often unreliable power generation with diesel generators. Outside these towns, the situation is even worse. The overwhelming majority of rural households, most rural schools, health centres and administrative posts are without access to electricity. Energy solutions must consider this reality and combine extension and densification of the national electricity grid along with the adoption of modern technological solutions and energy services.[1]
Type of Grid Activities
Grid Extension
Grid extension means to connect the facility to the local utility grid. If a grid system is available, the grid power is typically the most cost effective power supply. Grid extension is therefore a network expansion from the national power transmission system to new areas and communities. The cost of extending lines to rural facilities can be prohibitively expensive. |
Grid Densification
New grid connection expecially for households living close to the local utility grid but who are not yet connected. Grid densification divided into two categories[2]:
|
Costs
|
Benin | Ghana | Bolivia | Peru | Mozambique | |
Costs/ Connection (€) |
2000 |
5540 |
220-588 |
62 |
90 |
134 |
Tariff |
Social tariff |
Social tariff |
Social tariff |
Social tariff |
Social tariff |
Social tariff |
Security of energy supply |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
High |
High |
high |
Financial Support
|
Benin | Ghana | Bolivia | Peru | Mozambique | |
EnDev subsidy |
70% |
99% |
100% |
20% |
22% |
100% |
Government |
30% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
Utility |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0-80% |
0% |
0% |
Customer |
0% |
1% |
0% |
0-80% |
78% |
0% |
Additional Support[3]
- Procurement support
- Developing local standards for grid connection
- Facilitating group applications for grid connections
- Training of local electricians for in-house wiring
- Training of consumers in energy use and efficiency
- Ex-ante savings for connection fees
- Introduction of installment payments of the connection fee linked to the electricity bills
Lessons Learned[3]
- Some utilities are not interested in grid densification
- Poor households are often excluded in extension projects
- Some utilities have great difficulties to organize efficient procurement processes causing severe delays
- Free rider effect difficult to avoid (efficient selection process or accept the effect)
- Detailed monitoring is considered a burden and not always implemented
- In several countries power generation capacity cannot keep up withgrid extension
- In rural areas several households are connected to a meter to save the connection fee which can be legal or illegal according to national and local regulation. In some of these case voltage drop can be a severe problem
-> Lessons Learned Category on energypedia
Further Information
- Grid Portal on energypedia
- Grid Extension / Densification Approaches:Community Rural Electrification Programme (CREP), Nepal
- Reducing the Cost of Grid Extension for R ural Electrification, NRECA International, Ltd.
References
- ↑ Energising Development (EnDev) - http://endev.info/content/Main_Page
- ↑ energypedia: https://energypedia.info/wiki/Grid_Extension_vs_Off_grid,_Island_/_Isolated_System#Basic_Definitions
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Experience from EnDev Project - https://energypedia.info/wiki/Energising_Development_%28EnDev%29