Difference between revisions of "Control Equipment - Hydropower"

From energypedia
***** (***** | *****)
m
***** (***** | *****)
Line 8: Line 8:
 
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> <!--StartFragment-->  
 
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> <!--StartFragment-->  
  
−
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600"
+
<span style="display: none;" id="1274973221030S">&nbsp;</span>
 +
 
 +
=== <!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600"
 
o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f"
 
o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f"
 
stroked="f">
 
stroked="f">
Line 34: Line 36:
 
o:title="CIMG1955" cropleft="11224f" cropright="15384f"/>
 
o:title="CIMG1955" cropleft="11224f" cropright="15384f"/>
 
<w:wrap type="square"/>
 
<w:wrap type="square"/>
−
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Funktion:</span>  
+
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Function:</span>  ===
 +
 
 +
<span style="display: none;" id="1274973221741E">&nbsp;</span>  
  
 
<span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Load- or Flow- controller
 
<span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Load- or Flow- controller
Line 48: Line 52:
 
between generator output and the consumer line. </span><!--EndFragment-->  
 
between generator output and the consumer line. </span><!--EndFragment-->  
  
−
<span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">[[Image:Mhp-scheme.jpg|right|560x386px|Elements of a Micro Hydro Power Scheme]]  
+
<span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">[[Image:Mhp-scheme.jpg|right|560x386px|Elements of a Micro Hydro Power Scheme]]
 
</span>  
 
</span>  
 +
 +
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 +
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1027"/>
 +
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 +
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
 +
  <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/>
 +
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> <!--StartFragment-->
 +
 +
=== <span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Controll Elements</span>  ===
 +
 +
==== <span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Load controller</span>  ====
 +
 +
<span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Electronic circuit, which keeps output power constant in Frequency- and
 +
Voltage- parameters.</span>
 +
 +
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600"
 +
o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f"
 +
stroked="f">
 +
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>
 +
<v:formulas>
 +
  <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>
 +
  <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/>
 +
</v:formulas>
 +
<v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/>
 +
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/>
 +
</v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='position:absolute;
 +
margin-left:285.5pt;margin-top:32.8pt;width:231.2pt;height:93.65pt;z-index:1;
 +
mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-vertical:absolute'>
 +
<v:imagedata src="file://localhost/Users/timchiaradia/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip1/01/clip_image001.jpg"
 +
  o:title="controller"/>
 +
<w:wrap type="square"/>
 +
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Fluctuating
 +
energy demand requires a mechanism which either regulates the water input into
 +
the turbine (=&gt; flow control) or<span style="">&nbsp; </span>by diverting excess energy from the consumer connection (=&gt;ballast load).&nbsp;</span><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;"><!--[if !supportEmptyParas]-->
 +
</span>
 +
 +
==== <span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Flow controll:</span>  ====
 +
 +
<span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">regulates the amount of water into the
 +
turbine in order to match power output and power demand.</span>
 +
 +
<span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025"
 +
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:321pt;height:131pt'>
 +
<v:imagedata src="file://localhost/Users/timchiaradia/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip1/01/clip_image003.jpg"
 +
  o:title="flow-controll"/>
 +
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]-->
 +
<!--[endif]-->
 +
 +
</span>
 +
 +
==== <span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">Ballast load:</span>  ====
 +
 +
<span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">If energy demand is temporarily low, </span><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">the controller sends </span><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">excess energy to the Ballst Load. This are u</span><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black;">sually electrical heaters in water or air.
 +
</span> <!--EndFragment-->
  
 
*..  
 
*..  
−
*..
+
*<br>
−
*
 
  
 
[[Category:Hydro]]
 
[[Category:Hydro]]

Revision as of 15:23, 27 May 2010

Overview:

Function:

Load- or Flow- controller ensure that the power output does not exceed the power demand (e.g. 230V, 50 Hz).

If flow of water in a MHP-station is constant the energy output of a turbine/generator is constant as well. Power demand is usually fluctuating over the time (e.g. day/night). If supply is higher than demand, excess energy is diverted/dumped or the flow is reduced. In case of more power demand than supply the controler cuts of the of demand line.  Load controller are placed between generator output and the consumer line.

Elements of a Micro Hydro Power Scheme


Controll Elements

Load controller

Electronic circuit, which keeps output power constant in Frequency- and Voltage- parameters.

Fluctuating energy demand requires a mechanism which either regulates the water input into the turbine (=> flow control) or  by diverting excess energy from the consumer connection (=>ballast load). 

Flow controll:

regulates the amount of water into the turbine in order to match power output and power demand.

Ballast load:

If energy demand is temporarily low, the controller sends excess energy to the Ballst Load. This are usually electrical heaters in water or air.

  • ..
Retrieved from "https://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Control_Equipment_-_Hydropower&oldid=15597"