Difference between revisions of "Gender Mainstreaming - Framework"
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Ifelodun local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Retrieved from | Ifelodun local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Retrieved from | ||
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=== Strategic Gender Need (SGN)<br/> === | === Strategic Gender Need (SGN)<br/> === | ||
| − | These are needs identified by the women due to their subordinate position in the household and vary from one society to another. Examples of SGN are ending gender-based violence, improving access over resources and better legal rights. Addressing SGN is important to empower women and uplift their status in society. Meeting SGN is also a long-term goal<ref name="Khamati-Njenga & Clancy, 2003b">Khamati-Njenga, B., & Clancy, J. (2003b). Concepts and Issues in Gender and Energy. Retrieved | + | These are needs identified by the women due to their subordinate position in the household and vary from one society to another. Examples of SGN are ending gender-based violence, improving access over resources and better legal rights. Addressing SGN is important to empower women and uplift their status in society. Meeting SGN is also a long-term goal<ref name="Khamati-Njenga & Clancy, 2003b">Khamati-Njenga, B., & Clancy, J. (2003b). Concepts and Issues in Gender and Energy. Retrieved fromfckLRhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/254860437_Concepts_and_issues_in_gender_and_enfckLRergy</ref><ref name="Moser, 1989">Moser, C. O. N. (1989). Gender planning in the third world: Meeting practical and strategic gender needs.fckLRWorld Development, 17(11), 1799–1825. Retrieved fromfckLRhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0305750X89902015</ref> |
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| − | + | The gender needs help to understand how the mini-grid is benefiting the women i.e. is it meeting only the practical needs or is also uplifting the status of women in the society? The gender mainstreaming activities can be targeted to meet only one need or both the needs. | |
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| − | + | Table 1 shows the Gender Needs Assessment framework including the triple roles and the needs of women<ref name="Khamati-Njenga & Clancy, 2003b">Khamati-Njenga, B., & Clancy, J. (2003b). Concepts and Issues in Gender and Energy. Retrieved fromfckLRhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/254860437_Concepts_and_issues_in_gender_and_enfckLRergy</ref><ref name="Moser, 1989">Moser, C. O. N. (1989). Gender planning in the third world: Meeting practical and strategic gender needs.fckLRWorld Development, 17(11), 1799–1825. Retrieved fromfckLRhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0305750X89902015</ref>. Different activities are analyzed using the framework to show their impact on women’s roles and needs. For example, organizing meetings at a time favorable to women acknowledges their triple different roles and helps them to contribute to the meeting. This helps them to meet their practical needs as well as empower them (SGN). Training women operators acknowledge their productive role and also meets their PGN and SGN. PGN could also be meet by providing access to electricity and SGN could be met by training women in societies where women are oppressed. Public lighting allows women to carry out all of their triple roles and they also make streets safer addressing SGN and lighting is a common PGN. | |
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| + | [[File:Gender Needs Assessment.png|thumb|left|500px|alt=Gender Needs Assessment.png]] | ||
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| + | = Further Information = | ||
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| + | *[[Gender_-_Introduction|Gender - Introduction]] | ||
| + | *[[Gender_Mainstreaming_in_Energy_-_Need|Gender Mainstreaming in Energy - Need]] | ||
| + | *[[:Category:Gender|All articles on gender]] | ||
| − | + | = References = | |
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| − | [[ | + | [[Category:Gender]] |
Revision as of 16:22, 4 June 2020
Introduction
There are different frameworks for gender mainstreaming in projects such as Harvard Analytical Framework, Gender Analysis Matrix and the Capabilities and Vulnerabilities Analysis[1].
Gender Assessment Framework Based on Triple Role and Needs of Women
This framework is based on the triple role of women and also on the needs of women.
Triple Role of Women
Traditionally, the men are regarded as the “breadwinner” and the women as the “homemaker”. This is a very narrow definition as it fails to acknowledge the different roles and responsibilities of women[2]. The triple role (figure 4) acknowledges the existing roles and responsibilities of the women so that the planned mini-grid can align with the exiting work and not create extra work for the women[2]. The triple role of women is explained below:
Reproductive Role
Women are the child bearers and are mostly responsible for nurturing and caring of the children. This caring role also extends to other family members such as the husband and the elderly members. The reproductive role is often seen as either “normal work” or not a “real work” and thus has a negative impact while talking about work and leisure time for women. For example, when men get back from work, they can rest as their work outside the house is justified as “real work”. Women, on the other hand, are involved in carrying out the domestic chores throughout the day but their work is not recognized as “real work”. Thus, they not only end up working longer but are often the last to get into bed after all the housework is done[2]. Because of the high importance of the reproductive role, women are likely to choose flexible works that allow them to look after their family esp. children and elderly members. The reproductive role also restricts their mobility and are likely to look for work near their homes[3].
Productive Role
In many developing countries, women are not only involved in household duties but are also the secondary breadwinner of the family. The productive role refers to all activities that are done in exchange for cash or in-kind support. The activities could be for subsistence/home production or for selling in the market[2]. For example, women in developing countries are involved in subsistence farming to grow crops for their families. This saves them money that they would need for buying crops from the market.
Community Management
This refers to all activities done by the women for the betterment of the community. It is mostly unpaid and is done on a volunteering basis. It is expected to be done in women’s “free time” (after her reproductive and productive activities). Men, on the other hand, are often involved in authoritative roles and get paid for their community work[2]. For example, women’s groups are involved in forest management and water management on a volunteering basis.
There are no clear demarcations between the different roles of the women and a gender mainstreaming activity can be a mix of all three roles. Nevertheless, the triple roles help to analyze the different roles of the women in the target community and to understand how the planned mini-grid can benefit the women in their different roles.
Needs of Women
As mentioned above, men and women have different roles and responsibilities in society and thus have different interests or needs called gender needs. Gender needs of women depend on their position in society and are influenced by the socioeconomic, cultural and religious factors. They are broadly categorized into two needs[4]: Practical Gender Needs and Strategic Gender Needs.
Practical Gender Needs (PGN)
These refer to those needs that are required to meet any necessity identified by the women in a particular context. PGN are the result of the prevalent gender roles and do not challenge the existing gender norms in society[4][5]. Examples of PGN are access to safe health care, sanitation, nutrition, safe drinking water and access to electricity[6].
Strategic Gender Need (SGN)
These are needs identified by the women due to their subordinate position in the household and vary from one society to another. Examples of SGN are ending gender-based violence, improving access over resources and better legal rights. Addressing SGN is important to empower women and uplift their status in society. Meeting SGN is also a long-term goal[5][4]
The gender needs help to understand how the mini-grid is benefiting the women i.e. is it meeting only the practical needs or is also uplifting the status of women in the society? The gender mainstreaming activities can be targeted to meet only one need or both the needs.
Table 1 shows the Gender Needs Assessment framework including the triple roles and the needs of women[5][4]. Different activities are analyzed using the framework to show their impact on women’s roles and needs. For example, organizing meetings at a time favorable to women acknowledges their triple different roles and helps them to contribute to the meeting. This helps them to meet their practical needs as well as empower them (SGN). Training women operators acknowledge their productive role and also meets their PGN and SGN. PGN could also be meet by providing access to electricity and SGN could be met by training women in societies where women are oppressed. Public lighting allows women to carry out all of their triple roles and they also make streets safer addressing SGN and lighting is a common PGN.
Further Information
References
- ↑ Berthaud, A., Delescluse, A., Deligiorgis, D., Kumar, K., Satoshi, S. M., Waafas, M., … Yee, S. M.fckLR(2004). Integrating gender in energy provision: Case study of Bangladesh. Retrieved fromfckLRhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/260121468742527534/pdf/30214.pdf
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Moser, C. O. N. (1989). Gender planning in the third world: Meeting practical and strategic gender needs.fckLRWorld Development, 17(11), 1799–1825. Retrieved fromfckLRhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0305750X89902015
- ↑ Pueyo, A., & Maestre, M. (2019). Linking energy access, gender and poverty: A review of the literaturefckLRon productive uses of energy. Energy Research and Social Science, 53, 170–181. Retrieved fromfckLRhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629618306145
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Moser, C. O. N. (1989). Gender planning in the third world: Meeting practical and strategic gender needs.
World Development, 17(11), 1799–1825. Retrieved from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0305750X89902015 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Moser, 1989" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Moser, 1989" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Khamati-Njenga, B., & Clancy, J. (2003b). Concepts and Issues in Gender and Energy. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254860437_Concepts_and_issues_in_gender_and_en
ergy Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Khamati-Njenga & Clancy, 2003b" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "Khamati-Njenga & Clancy, 2003b" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Olubukola, F. O. (2012). Participation of women in the csdp water project facilitated by the Kwara State community and social development agency (kwcsda): A study of bada ajegunle community in Ifelodun local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Retrieved from https://edepot.wur.nl/298465
