Difference between revisions of "Nepal Energy Situation"

From energypedia
***** (***** | *****)
m
***** (***** | *****)
m
Line 528: Line 528:
 
[[Nepal_Energy_Situation#toc|►Go To Top]]
 
[[Nepal_Energy_Situation#toc|►Go To Top]]
  
 +
[[Category:Nepal]]
 +
[[Category:Country_Energy_Situation]]
 
[[Category:CES_Country]]
 
[[Category:CES_Country]]
[[Category:Country_Energy_Situation]]
 
[[Category:Nepal]]
 

Revision as of 08:54, 16 September 2014

Nepal
Flag of Nepal.png
Location _______.png

Capital:

Kathmandu

Region:

Coordinates:

26.5333° N, 86.7333° E

Total Area (km²): It includes a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.

147,180

Population: It is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin.

29,694,614 (2023)

Rural Population (% of total population): It refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.

78 (2023)

GDP (current US$): It is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.

40,908,073,367 (2023)

GDP Per Capita (current US$): It is gross domestic product divided by midyear population

1,377.63 (2023)

Access to Electricity (% of population): It is the percentage of population with access to electricity.

91.30 (2022)

Energy Imports Net (% of energy use): It is estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

16.68 (2014)

Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption (% of total): It comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.

15.48 (2014)

Source: World Bank



Introduction

Nepal has no known major oil, gas, or coal reserves, and its position in the Himalayas makes it hard to reach remote and extremely remote communities. Consequently, most Nepali citizens have historically met their energy needs with biomass, human labor, imported kerosene, and/or traditional water powered vertical axis mills, yet per capita energy consumption is thus “startlingly low” at one-third the average for Asia as a whole and less than one-fifth the worldwide average. In 2010, Nepal’s electrification rate was only 53 percent (leaving 12.5 million people without electricity) and 76 percent depended on fuelwood for cooking (meaning 20.22 million people placed stress on Nepali forests for their fuel needs). This situation has led some experts to call the country’s energy portfolio “medieval” in the fuels it uses and “precarious” in the load shedding that occurs throughout Kathmandu, due to an imbalance between electricity supply and demand. Nepal, however, has all it needs to escape these problems. Large markets for improved cookstoves, biogas digesters, and solar lanterns exist throughout the country. Independent scientific studies have calculated that the country could meet all if its own energy needs—indeed, even the potential needs of Nepal plus many of its neighbors—if it tapped its solar resources or its hydroelectric resources (and potentially its wind resources). These efforts could be complemented with attempts to strengthen energy efficiency planning, with significant potential for transmission upgrades and retrofits and more efficient lighting practices.[1]

►Go To Top

[Show/hide] Energy Situation

Renewable Energy

[Show/hide]

Solar

Nepal has great potential for at least four types of solar energy technology: grid-connected PV, solar water heaters, solar lanterns and solar home systems. Nepal receives 3.6 to 6.2 kWh of solar radiation per square meter per day, with roughly 300 days of sun a year, making it ideal for solar energy.

The country also has a large market for solar water heaters, with 185,000 units installed and operating as of 2009.[1]

►Go To Top

Fossil Fuels

[Show/hide]

Electricity

[Show/hide]

[Show/hide]Solar

Regional Disparities

In 2008/09 consumption of electricity was almost balanced between industrial (manufacturing) sector (37.37 %) and households (45.52 %), while the commercial sector consumed only 6.6 %.[12] However, the industrialized and urban areas account for the majority of electricity demand.

Around 28 % of electricity produced in Nepal in the year 2005 was consumed in the Kathmandu Valley alone.[13] The vast majority of electricity is currently consumed in the central and eastern region. Therefore an elaborated system of transmission lines is required as few hydropower plants are situated close to areas of high demand. Middle- (70 MW), Lower-Marshyangdi (69 MW) as well as Kali-Gandaki A (144 MW) as the biggest hydropower projects are all situated in the western part of the country. At the same time, this power cannot be transmitted to the central and eastern part due to bottlenecks in the transmission network between Bharatpur – Hetauda – Dhalkebar. Especially the eastern region has become totally dependent on power imported from India.[14] Besides low generation capacity, the poor transmission network seems to be the major bottleneck in the Nepalese electricity sector.

►Go To Top

[Show/hide] Power Shortage & Load-Shedding

[Show/hide]Rural Electrification

Institutional Set-up and Actors in the Energy Sector

[Show/hide]Public Institutions

[Show/hide]Activities of Donors

[Show/hide] Energy Policy

►Go To Top