Heat Pump (PA Technology)

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Last modified by Axel Heinemann on 2014-11-08. This is a wiki so please feel free to update information by clicking on "Edit with form". | Printable version

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Name of technology example:		Type
CO2-Heat Pump		☑ Energy Efficiency ☑ Renewable Energy ☐ Alternative Methodology

Description	A heat pump is a device that provides heat energy from a source of heat to a destination called a "heat sink". Heat pumps are designed to move thermal energy opposite to the direction of spontaneous heat flow by absorbing heat from a cold space and release it to a warmer one, and vice-versa. A heat pump uses some amount of external power to accomplish the work of transferring energy from the heat source to the heat sink. In agriculture and food industry, the heat pump can be used to transfer lower temperature waste heat to usable heat at temperatures of 60°C. With CO2 as working medium temperatures upto 90°C can be reached. While heating on one side, the heat pump is cooling on the other side. So, ideally the heat pump can coincidently be used as a heating and cooling device. While using thermal storages, the heat pump can ideally be operated with fluctuating renewable energy sources like wind an solar power.
Technology for the Application of	☑ Solar ☐ Biomass ☐ Biofuel ☐ Biogas ☑ Wind ☐ Geo-Thermal ☑ Hydro ☐ Energy Efficiency ☐ Other: /
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Steps	☐ Mechanization ☐ Efficiency of Operation ☑ Processing ☐ Transportation ☐ Controlled Atmosphere ☐ Controlled Temperature ☐ Mechanical Sorting ☐ Preservation ☑ Other: space heating and cooling
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Activities	☐ Grinding ☐ Hauling and conveying ☐ Sorting ☐ Seedbed Preparation ☐ Milling ☐ Tearing ☐ Planting ☑ Washing ☐ Mixing ☐ Pumping ☑ Heating ☑ Drying ☐ Irrigation ☑ Cooling ☐ Animal feeding ☐ Fertilizing ☐ Venting ☐ Animal health and Welfare ☐ Pest Management ☐ Lighting ☐ Packing and branding ☐ Cutting ☑ Sanitation ☐ Other: /
Primarily Implemented in the following Commodity Groups	☐ Cereals ☐ Fruits and vegetables ☐ Nuts and berries ☐ Forage ☐ Dairy products ☐ Meat products ☐ Oil Seeds ☐ Roots and Tubers ☐ Eggs ☐ Pulses ☐ Fiber Crops ☐ Forestry ☐ Sugars ☐ Stimulants ☐ Spices ☑ Other: All commodity groups with heating, cooling and drying requirements
Region & Country of Development	Region ☐ Africa ☐ South Asia ☐ East Asia & The Pacific ☑ Europe & Central Asia - Germany ☐ Latin America & The Caribbean ☐ Middle East & North Africa ☐ North America ☐ N/A: /
Region & Country of Current Deployment	Worldwide ☑ Africa ☑ South Asia ☑ East Asia & The Pacific ☑ Europe & Central Asia ☑ Latin America & The Caribbean ☑ Middle East & North Africa ☑ North America ☐ N/A: /
Region & Country of Potential Deployment	Worldwide ☑ Africa ☑ South Asia ☑ East Asia & The Pacific ☑ Europe & Central Asia ☑ Latin America & The Caribbean ☑ Middle East & North Africa ☑ North America ☐ N/A: /
Manufacturers	CO2 high temperature heat pumps: http://www.thermea.de Standard heat pumps: http://www.waermepumpen.info/hersteller
Economics	Depending on the application, heat pumps can provide low cost heat economically
Technology Development Level	Co2 heat pump: pilot projects and first implementation Standard heat pumps: widespread use
Required Maintenance Technical Level	Medium: technology can be maintained through its life cycle with uncommon tools and requires moderate training for maintenance
Required Infrastructure for Deployment	Medium: technology development requires uncommon tools, mid-development level supporting technologies and moderately trained personnel
Required Resources during manufacture	Energy, Metals, Plastics, Lubricants and whatever a professional mechanical and electrical workshop requires
Required Resources during operation	Electricity and CO2 as working medium
Deployment Level	Country-wide use, first commercial project in Germany and Switzerland (http://www.thermeco2.com/de/projekte/item/386-schlachtbetrieb-zuerich);
Deployment Capability and Potential	The technology can be widely deployed; Has the potential for worldwide use;
Requirements for Deployment	Local engineering capabilities, project management, technology transfer and distribution chains, implementation od local production and maintenance sevices;
Relevance for Autonomy and Food Security	Energy independent: operates with onsite renewables, requires supporting tech and services
Environment Impacts (emissions)	Low: no direct emissions, when operated with renewable energies, indirect emissions during manufacturing and transport
Conformity with Bio- Cybernetic System Rules	High
Additional information / Comments	No comments.
Internal Reference
Additional Links	Information about CO2 heat pumps: http://www.thermea.de General information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_pump

"Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy," is not in the list (Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Alternative Methodology) of allowed values for the "PAT Type" property.