Storage

Battery

Pros:

• density

Cons:

• price
• degradation

Outlook: going to become cheaper

Category:Batteries

Gravity Battery

Pros:

• price per MWh stored
• longevity

Cons:

• density

Types:

• Pumped storage hydroelectricity
• Solid mass:
  • above ground
    • crane
      • Energy Vault - 20 MWh capacity, using cranes
    • up/down hill railway
  • underground
    • Gravitricity - using deep mines. Best for shafts >300m deep. Cost: 171 USD per MWh (less than 1/2 of the cost of Li-ion battery)

Outlook: cost breakthrough is expected

Long-term storage

Power-to-gas

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-to-gas