North Macedonia Energy Situation
Capital:
Skopje
Region:
Coordinates:
41.6000° N, 21.7000° E
Total Area (km²): It includes a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.
25,710
Population: It is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin.
1,811,980 (2023)
Rural Population (% of total population): It refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
41 (2023)
GDP (current US$): It is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.
14,761,237,042 (2023)
GDP Per Capita (current US$): It is gross domestic product divided by midyear population
8,146.47 (2023)
Access to Electricity (% of population): It is the percentage of population with access to electricity.
100.00 (2022)
Energy Imports Net (% of energy use): It is estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
51.77 (2014)
Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption (% of total): It comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.
79.43 (2014)
Introduction
North Macedonia has shown an increasing interest in renewable energy sources to diversify its energy mix, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and meet environmental targets. The government has implemented various policies and initiatives to promote the development of renewable energy projects.
North Macedonia has historically relied on hydropower for a significant portion of its electricity generation. The country has utilized its rivers to develop hydropower plants. There have been also efforts to harness wind energy, and several wind projects have been proposed or are under development. Solar energy projects, particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) installations, have gained attention. The government has implemented programs to incentivize the adoption of solar technologies.Biomass and biogas have been explored as potential sources of renewable energy.
Energy Situation
Installed electricity capacity (MW) by Technology, Grid connection and Year
| Technology | Grid Connection | Year | Capacity (MW) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solar photovoltaic | On-grid | 2022 | 84.93 |
| Onshore wind energy | On-grid | 2022 | 37.00 |
| Renewable hydropower | On-grid | 2022 | 689.19 |
| Solid biofuels | On-grid | 2022 | 2.40 |
| Biogas | On-grid | 2022 | 8.00 |
| Coal and peat | On-grid | 2022 | 824.00 |
| Oil | On-grid | 2022 | 29.00 |
| Natural gas | On-grid | 2022 | 251.00 |
Energy Generation and Consumption
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity production [GWh] | 5.127 | 5.285 |
| Gross electricity consumption [GWh] | 7.748 | 8.172 |
| Consumption structure [GWh] / industrial, transport, services and other | 3.285 | 3.548 |
| Consumption structure [GWh] / households (residential customers) | 3.191 | 3.317 |
Net Import & Net Export
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Net imports [GWh] | 2.341 | 4.724 |
| Net exports [GWh] | 1.011 | 2.134 |
Energy Loses
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Losses in transmission [%] | 1.2% | 1.30% |
| Losses in distribution [%] | 13,4% | 13,40% |
Transmission network
| Description of data [unit] | 2.367 | 2.35 |
|---|---|---|
| Horizontal transmission network [km] | 2.367 | 2.35 |
| Horizontal transmission network [km] / substation capacity [MVA] | 2.7 | 2.7 |
No of consummers
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity customers / total | 876.466 | 888.998 |
| Electricity customers / non-households | 101.531 | 101.007 |
| Eligible customers under national legislation | 876.466 | 888.998 |
Internal Market
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Internal market / electricity supplied to active eligible customers [MWh] | 2.913.592 | 3.176.265 |
| Horizontal transmission network [km] / substation capacity [MVA] | 45% | 46% |
Renewable Energy Potential
| Unit | Reference Case 2030 | Remap 2030 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total installed power generation capacity | MW | 2,226.00 | 3,311.00 |
| Renewable capacity | MW | 1,139.00 | 2,791.00 |
| Hydropower | MW | 824.00 | 824.00 |
| Wind - onshoore | MW | 200.00 | 589.00 |
| Biofuels (solid, liquid, gaseous) | MW | 30.00 | 247.00 |
| Solar PV | MW | 75.00 | 1,121.00 |
| Geothermal | MW | 10.00 | 10.00 |
| Non-renewable capacity | MW | 1,087.00 | 520.00 |
| Coal | MW | 800.00 | 233.00 |
| Gas | MW | 287.00 | 287.00 |
| Technologies | Technical Potential MW |
|---|---|
| Solar PV | 1,479.6 |
| Wind | 4,940.4 |
| Hydro | 1,636.0 |
| ≤ 10 MW | 255.0 |
| > 10 MW | 1,381.0 |
| Pumping | |
| Biomass | 50.0 |
| Biogas | 20.0 |
| Solid Biomass | 20.0 |
| Biowaste | 10.0 |
| Geothermal el. | 10.0 |
| Total | 8,116.0 |
As we can see, if North Macedonia would use its entire technical potential,ti would increase the generating power by 321%, and would be more than autoefficent of the WB6.
Fossil Fuels
Greenhouse gas emissions
North Macedonia has calculated a potential emission reduction of 30% by 2030.
| Unit | Reference Case 2030 | Remap 2030 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy-related CO2 emissions | [Mt CO2 /yr] | 9.2 | 6 |
