Oman Energy Situation
| Sultanate Oman | |||
| 231px |
193px | ||
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Capital |
Maskat | ||
|
Official language(s) |
Arabic | ||
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Government |
Monarchy | ||
|
Head of State |
Sultan Qabus bin Said bin Taimur Al Said | ||
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Total area |
309,500 km2 | ||
|
Population |
3,154,134 (July 2013 est.) | ||
|
GDP (nominal) |
US$ 69.97 billion (2011) | ||
|
GDP Per capita |
US$ 23,133 (2011) | ||
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Currency |
Omani Rial | ||
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Time zone |
GST (UTC+4) | ||
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Electricity generation |
19.81 TWh (2011) | ||
|
Access to Electricity |
98.0 % | ||
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Wind energy (installed capacity) |
- | ||
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Solar Energy (installed capacity) |
- | ||
Overview
Economically, Oman depends on oil resources. Due to a decline of oil resources, the country increasingly seeks to diversify, industrialize and privatize the economy. Oman's export products are petroleum, reexports, fish, metals and textiles. In 2012, the country's main export partners were China (31.9%), Japan (12.9%), United Arab Emirates (10.1%), South Korea (10%), Thailand (4.4%) and Singapore (4.4%). Oman imports mainly machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, livestock and lubricants. In 2012, products are primarily imported by the United Arab Emirates (23.6%), Japan (12.6%), India (8.5%), China (6.4%) and the US (6.1%).[1]
Energy Supply
In 2011, Oman has produced a total amount of 73,508 ktoe of energy, which is about 3,078 PJ or 854,898 GWh. Its only energy sources are crude oil (65%) and gas (35%). Oman has no other energy sources, such as coal, nuclear power, heat or renewable energy. The following table provides an overview of Oman's energy production in 2011.[2]
Table 1: Total Energy Production of Oman (2011)[2]:
| Energy Source | in ktoe | in PJ | in % |
| Coal and Peat | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Crude Oil | 47,406 | 1,985 | 65 |
| Oil Products | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gas | 26,102 | 1,093 | 35 |
| Hydro | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Geothermal, Solar etc. | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Biofuel and waste | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Electricity | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Heat | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 73,508 | 3,078 |
Energy Supply
The total primary energy supply in Oman was 25,276 ktoe in 2011, which is consistent with 1,058 PJ or 293,959 GWh (see table 2). Unlike the national energy production, gas accounts for the largest amount of primary energy supply in Oman (18,040 ktoe), followed by crude oil (9,927 ktoe). Oman is a fossil fuel exporting country. In 2011, the country was exporting 39,481 ktoe of crude oil, 2,152 ktoe of oil products and 9,797 ktoe of natural gas.[2]
Table 2: Total Primary Energy Supply of Oman (2011)[2]:
| Energy source | in ktoe | in PJ |
| Coal and Peat | 0 | 0 |
| Oil | 9,927 | 416 |
| Oil Product | -2,690 | -113 |
| Gas | 18,040 | 455 |
| Nuclear | 0 | 0 |
| Hydro | 0 | 0 |
| Geothermal, solar, etc. | 0 | 0 |
| Biofuel and waste | 0 | 0 |
| Electricity | 0 | 0 |
| Heat | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 25,276 | 1,058 |
Energy Consumption
Oman's total final consumption (TFC) has steadily been increased in recent years. While in 2000 the energy consumption accounted for 588 ktoe (6,833 GWh),[3] energy consumption has added up to 1,591 ktoe (18,512 GWh) by 2011. comparing various sectors with each other, the residential sector consumes the most energy, namly 49%, followed by the sector of commercial and public services (34%) and the industry (14%).[4] The excect figures are outlined in the following table.
Table 3: Oman's TFC of Energy (2011)[4]:
|
Sector |
Consumption in ktoe |
Consumption in GWh |
in % |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Industry |
222 |
2,583 |
14 |
|
Transport |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Residential |
779 |
9,060 |
49 |
|
Commercial and Public Services |
549 |
6,380 |
34 |
|
Other non-specified |
40 |
489 |
2.6 |
|
TFC |
1,592 |
18,512 |
Energy Sources
Oman has not installed any capacities based on renewable energy.
Hydropower
Solar Energy
Biomass
Biogas
Wind Energy
Geothermal Energy
Fossil Fuels
Key Problems of the Energy Sector
Policy Framework, Laws and Regulations
General Energy Policy, Energy Strategy
Important Laws and Regulations
Specific Strategies
(Biomass, Renewable Energies, Rural Electrification, Energy Access Strategy, Poverty Reduction Strategy etc.)
Institutional Set-up in the Energy Sector
The Authority for Electricity Regulation is responsible for the regulations of the electricity and the water sector. It was established in 2004 based on a Royal Degree (78/2004) and according to article 19 of the Law for the Regulation and Privatization of the Electricity and Related Water Sector. The Authority's duty is to secure the provision of electricity and water services in Oman.[5]
The Rural Areas Electricity Company SAOC (RAECO) is an Omani company which provides electricity to customers all over the Sultanate of Oman. It was established in 2005 according to the electricity sector & related water privatization law pursuant to the royal degree No 78/2004. The company is responsible for electricity generation, transmission, distribution & supply and desalination activities under a license issued by Authority for Electricity Regulation.[6]
Activities of Donors and Implementing Agencies
Further Information
References
- ↑ The World Factbook: Oman, last updated on August 22, 2013, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mu.html.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 International Energy Agency (IEA), Oman: Balances for 2011, http://www.iea.org/statistics/statisticssearch/report/?country=OMAN&product=balances&year=2011
- ↑ International Energy Agency (IEA), Oman: Electricity and Heat for 2000, http://www.iea.org/statistics/statisticssearch/report/?country=OMAN&product=electricityandheat&year=2000
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 International Energy Agency (IEA), Oman: Electricity and Heat for 2011, http://www.iea.org/statistics/statisticssearch/report/?&country=OMAN&year=2011&product=ElectricityandHeat
- ↑ Authority for Electricity Regulation, About the Authority, http://www.aer-oman.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=67&Itemid=88
- ↑ Rural Areas Electricity Company SAOC (RAECO), About us, http://www.reefiah.com/aboutus.html
