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Jordan Energy Situation
Overview
| Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | |||
| |
| ||
|
Capital |
Amman (31°57′N 35°56′E) | ||
|
Official language(s) |
Arabic | ||
|
Government |
Constitutional monarch | ||
|
King of Jordan |
Abdullah II | ||
|
Prime Minister |
Marouf al-Bakhit | ||
|
Total area |
92,300 km2 | ||
|
Population |
6,407,085 (2010 estimate) | ||
|
GDP (nominal) |
$99.129 billion | ||
|
GDP Per capita |
$4,435 | ||
|
Currency |
Jordanian dinar (JOD) | ||
|
Time zone |
UTC+01 | ||
|
Calling code |
+962 | ||
Energy Market
Overview Energy Market
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The Electricity Grid
| Power line ratings |
2000 |
2005 |
| km | ||
| 400 kV |
809 |
871 |
| 230 kV |
17 |
17 |
| 132 kV |
2200 |
2512 |
| 66 kV |
17 |
17 |
The Jordanian national interconnected grid transmits electricity from the power stations to the distribution substations and transformer substations in the various regions of the kingdom via 400-kV and 132-kV power lines. The star topography of the grid has a clearly identifiable north-south axis, along which the only 400-kV power line runs, from Aqaba in the south via Amman and up to the Syrian border. The only area in which the grid has a ring-shaped configuration is around the capital city.
In the north, the power grid is connected to the Syrian grid by means of a 230-kV and a 400-kV power line. In the south, there is a 400-kV connection to the Egyptian grid. The interconnected grid feeds the local distribution systems via which almost the entire population of Jordan receives its electricity. The overall length of the installed high voltage power lines (132 kV and 400 kV) is around 3,400 km.
The following table shows the level of expansion of Jordan’s transmission network in 2000 and 2005.
Installed Capacity
In 2005 the Jordanian interconnected power grid was supplied by an installed power station capacity of 1,873 MW. Compared with the previous year (1,643 MW), this was a capacity increase of 14%. The total power station capacity available nationwide, including the agreed import capacities, amounted to 2,019 MW in the same year. In addition to the power stations operated by the two state-dominated power producers, there are also a number of industrial enterprises that generate electricity in their own plants. Some of these also feed excess electricity into the Jordanian interconnected grid. Apart from these power sources, additional capacity can be called up when required from the Egyptian and Syrian grids. The four largest power stations are the station in Aqaba (656-MW steam power plant), the Hussein power station in Zarqa (396-MW steam power plant), the plant in Rehab (353-MW diesel-fired gas turbine) and a new combined-cycle power plant in Al-Risha.
| 2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 | |
| MW | |||||
| Steam power plants |
1013 |
1013 |
1013 |
1013 |
1013 |
| Diesel generators |
43 |
43 |
43 |
43 |
43 |
| Gas turbine (diesel) |
353 |
353 |
353 |
353 |
353 |
| Gas turbine (natural gas) |
120 |
120 |
120 |
120 |
120 |
| Combined-cycle power station (CCPS) |
300 | ||||
| Hydropower |
10 |
12 |
12 |
12 |
12 |
| Wind |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
| Biogas |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Installed capacity (total) |
1541 |
1643 |
1643 |
1643 |
1873 |
| Available capacity, incl. imports |
n.a |
1788 |
1788 |
1789 |
2019 |
Source: NEPCo
Electricity Generation
Of the roughly 9,650 GWh of electricity generated in Jordan in 2005, 82.5% came from steam power plants. 6.7% was generated in gas-turbine power stations fired with natural gas and a further 3.5% came from dieselfired power stations and diesel generators. Just under 6% was generated at what is to date the country’s only combined-cycle power plant located in Al-Risha.
Renewable energy sources account for only a minimal share of the electricity generated. In 2005, just 0.6% (57 GWh) of the electricity generated was sourced from hydropower. Biogas (5 GWh) and wind power (3 GWh) each accounted for less than 0.1%. The amount of electricity generated throughout the country by diesel generators (73 GWh or 0.7%) exceeds that generated from hydro, wind and biogas together (65 GWh).
| 2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 | |
| GWh | |||||
| Electricity sector |
7144 |
7630 |
7489 |
8471 |
9138 |
|
6240 |
6771 |
6430 |
7168 |
7524 |
|
1 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
|
83 |
115 |
262 |
464 |
341 |
|
769 |
680 |
746 |
776 |
648 |
|
558 | ||||
|
43 |
53 |
41 |
53 |
57 |
|
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|
5 |
5 |
6 |
6 |
5 |
| Industrial sector |
405 |
502 |
505 |
496 |
516 |
|
364 |
434 |
428 |
422 |
445 |
|
41 |
68 |
77 |
74 |
71 |
| Total |
7549 |
8132 |
7994 |
8967 |
9654 |
Source: NEPCo
Since the amount of electricity generated in Jordan has for some years been insufficient to cover the country’s needs, additional power is imported from Egypt and Syria. In 2005, 982 GWh was bought in, which was a good 9% of the electricity available in Jordan overall. Inside the country itself, electricity is generated by the two state-owned power producers, CEGCo and SEPGCo, by industrial self-generators and industrial enterprises.
Electricity Prices
In June 2002, electricity tariffs in Jordan were raised slightly for the first time since May 1996. 2003 and 2004 saw further moderate price increases. The last adjustment of tariffs took place in July 2005. The price structure is divided roughly into two segments: major customers (large power users) and end customers. The major customers grouping – which, in addition to industrial enterprises, also includes local power providers – pay a demand charge for every kilowatt of their maximum consumption. On top of this is a kilowatt-hour rate, which is lower at night than during the day.
The tariffs for end customers make a distinction between commercial customers and private households. The price of electricity for households rises progressively with the amount of electricity consumed. The two groups of end customers pay two different minimum monthly payments: for households 1.10 euro, for commercial customers 1.37 euro.
| 1996-2002 |
2002-2003 |
since 2005 | |
| Major customers | |||
| Power providers | |||
|
2.63 |
2.63 |
2.63 |
|
0.032 |
0.034 |
0.037 |
|
0.021 |
0.023 |
0.026 |
| Large-scale industry | |||
|
2.63 |
2.63 |
2.63 |
|
0.052 |
0.053 |
0.053 |
|
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
|
End customers (excl. major customers) | |||
| Private households | |||
|
0.033 |
0.034 |
0.034 |
|
0.057 |
0.060 |
0.065 |
|
0.066 |
0.070 |
0.073 |
|
0.082 |
0.088 |
0.090 |
| Trades and crafts |
0.066 |
0.068 |
0.069 |
| Light industry |
0.040 |
0.042 |
0.045 |
| Hotels |
0.066 |
0.066 |
0.066 |
| Water pumps |
0.037 |
0.042 |
0.044 |
| Street lighting |
0.022 |
0.027 |
0.033 |
Source: NEPCo
Rural Electrification
U
Market potential for renewable energies
Wind Energy
med.
Framework Conditions for Wind Energy
ate actors.
Licensing Procedures
ty.
Business Climate
sector.
Solar Energy
Solar ene
Biogas
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Hydro Power
cted.
Other renewable Sources
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Political Framework Conditions in the Energy Sector
Egypt
Liberalisation
Article 7 o
Important Laws and regulations
The mo
Framework Conditions for Renewable Energies
Strategy and objectives for renewable energies
Egypt’s
Legal conditions and support Schemes for renewable Energies
To im
Clean Development Mechanism
Egypt’s
Institutional Set-up in the energy sector
Egyptian Ministry of Electricity and Energy
The first Mi
Regulatory authority EEUCPRA
The Egyptian
New and Renewable Energy Authority (NREA)
The Ministr
Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA)
The EEAA w
Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC)
The government-o
Egyptian Wind Energy Association (EGWEA)
The EGWEA is
International donor activities
Egypt is one of t
Existing Projects
Wind Energy
Egypt has p
Publications
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External links
References
