Tajikistan Energy Situation

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Overview

Tajikistan
 
 
Capital Dushanbe (38° 33′ 0″ N, 68° 48′ 0″ E)
Official Language(s) Persian (Tajik)
Government Unitary semi-presidential republic
President Emomalii Rahmon
Prime Minister Oqil Oqilov
Total Area
143,100 km2
Total Population 7.6 million
Urban-Population 2 million (26%)
Rural-Population 5.6 million (74%)
Population Density 48 Persons per km²
Average Household Size 6.3
GDP (nominal)  
GDP per Capita $362.00
GNI per Capita $ 468.00
Currency Somoni (TJS)
Time Zone TJT (UTC+5)
Calling Code +992

Geography and Climatic Conditions 

Tajikistan is Central Asia's smallest country. It is landlocked and mountains and territory over 3000m high covers 93% of its area, with the the Pamir and Alay Mountains dominating  the landscape.[1]


Midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains

Mean temperature (°C min/max):  8.1 / 22.0 [1]


Forest Situation

Land area covered by forest: 2.9%
Forest annual rate of change (2005-2010) : 0% [2]


Socioeconomical Situation

Tajikistan is the poorest country in Central Asia and its economy remains fragile due to corruption, weak governance, unemployment, and seasonal power shortages.

Yet recent years have seen an annual economic growth rate of 8-10%

More than 40% of the populations lives under the poverty line of 2 USD/day

Income Sources

Agriculture: 49.8%, industry: 12.8%, services: 37.4% [1]


Energy Situation

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Energy Supply

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Electricity

Sources

About 90 % of electricity generating capacity is hydroelectric, but only an estimated 5% of its potential is in use. Tajikistan's rivers, have great hydropower potential, and the government has focused on attracting investments for projects for internal use and electricity exports. [3]

Stability

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Energy Consumption

National Level

Electricity

Household Level

Share of Fuel Types

Share of energy types on cooking energy in urban areas of Tajikistan.[4]

Tajikistan Urban Share.jpg

 

Share of energy types on cooking energy in urban areas of Tajikistan.[4]


Tajikistan Rural Share.jpg

Share of Solid Fuel

Percentage of population using solid fuels (charcoal, coal, cropwaste, dung and wood) as cooking energy.
National: 21.5%, urban:<5%, rural: 34.5% [4]


Solid Fuel Use Impact on Health

Total annual deaths attributable to solid fuel use: 1600 persons
Percentage of national burden of diseases attributable to solid fuel use: 3.5%[5]


Access Rate

Electrification Rate

National: 85.4% [6]


Renewable Energies

Application

Hydro-power is the only RE source for electricity production on national level, whose input is documented.  [7]  

Potentials

Solar Energy

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Wind Energy

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Biomass

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Biogas

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Hydro Power

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Other renewable Sources

 

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Key problems of the energy sector

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Policy framework, laws and regulations

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General Energy policy, Energy strategy

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Important Laws and regulations

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Specific strategies (Biomass, renewable energies, rural electrification, energy access strategy etc.)

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Institutional set up in the energy sector

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Governmental institutions Private sector (enterprises, NGOs)

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Activities of other donors, activities of NGOs

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Existing projects

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Publications

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External links


References

 

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 CIA - The World Factbook
  2. FAO (2011): The State of the World's Forest
  3. INOGATE Energy Portal
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 WHO 2010: WHO Household Energy Database
  5. WHO (2006): Fuel for Life - Household Energy and Health
  6. http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/dmsp/pubs/Elvidge_WINTD_20091022.pdf
  7. http://www.iea.org/stats/renewdata.asp?COUNTRY_CODE=KG