Difference between revisions of "Impact Monitoring Guidelines"

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The focus of the EnDev 2 M&E Sytem has shifted from Outcome Monitoring (EnDev 1) to Outcome and Impact Monitoring (EnDev 2). Therefore the Monitoring Group are developing recommendations for a "proper" impact M&E System.
+
= Overview =
  
We recommend to:
+
The Impact Monitoring Group of [[Energising Development (EnDev)|Energising Development]] has developed recommendations for sound impact assessments.
  
*conduct baseline studies before project intervention and impact studies after households, social infrastructure or SMEs got access to a form of modern energy  
+
<u>We recommend to:</u>
*use&nbsp;a [[Mixed Methods|mix]] of quantitative (standarised household interviews) and qualitative methods (open/ semi-structured&nbsp;interviews with key persons and households or focus group discussions)  
+
*use the recommended [[Indicator Rural Electrification and Stoves|list of indicators]]
*a [[Theory Based Approach|theory based approach]] by applying the result chain for developing the study design
+
*conduct baseline studies before project intervention and impact studies after households, social infrastructure or SMEs received access to modern energy
*to include [[Control Groups|control groups]] if possible (households which do not have acces to modern energy) into your baseline and impact study&nbsp;
+
*use a [[Theory Based Approach|theory based approach]] by applying the result chain for developing the study design
 +
*use a [[Impact Evaluation - Mixed Methods|mixed methods approach]]: the logic of the comparative advantages of [[Catalogue of Methods for Impact Studies|methods]]: i.e. the mix of quantitative (standardised household interviews) and qualitative methods (open / semi-structured interviews with key persons and households or focus group discussions)
 +
*include, wherever possible, [[Control Groups|control groups]] (households which resemble those households with access to modern energy with the exception of this access) into your baseline and impact study
 +
*consider [[Research Ethics|research ethics]]
  
The following table shows typical steps for baseline and impact studies, which we would recommend and support.<br>
+
The following tables show in more detail typical steps for baseline and impact studies, which we furthermore recommend and support.
  
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="1"
+
<br/>
 +
 
 +
= Introduction =
 +
 
 +
Development interventions are executed with the ultimate aim of changing the living situation in less developed countries. What is often thoroughly investigated are the inputs to a development intervention and its immediate outputs - how much money is spent, how many children are vaccinated, business trainings conducted or latrines installed. Assessing the impacts of a development intervention though - the aforementioned amelioration of living standards that can be ''attributed ''to a particular intervention - is part of a movement towards evidence-based development policy making and accountability. The central question to all impact evaluations "''What is the causal effect of a programme on the variable of interest?" ''can be applied to various policy contexts.
 +
 
 +
<u>Initial but crucial steps to every evaluation is the establishment of</u>
 +
#questions to be answered within the scope of the given evaluation;
 +
#the theory of change, depicting how, in theory, the intervention is envisaged to achieve results;
 +
#the result chain;
 +
#hypothesis to be tested by the evaluation;
 +
#performance indicators.
 +
 
 +
Taken together, the evaluators will hereby arrive at the specific questions to be phrased by the evaluation. Ideally, this will occur in the planning phase of the development intervention, thereby linking implementation and evaluation closely.
 +
 
 +
<br/>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
= Preparation =
 +
 
 +
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="width: 100%"
 
|-
 
|-
| '''Steps'''
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Tasks'''
| '''Tasks'''  
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Materials/ Support'''
| '''Materials/ Support'''  
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Library'''
| '''Library'''  
 
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
| Step 1: Preperation
+
| Draft Terms of Reference for Consultants / Enumerators
| <font size="2">Terms for Consultants/ Enumerators</font>
 
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">[[Sample Terms for Consultant for Impact Evaluation|Sample Terms]]</font> for national / international consultants  
+
*Sample Terms for national / international consultants
*Sample Terms for enumerators&nbsp;
+
*Sample Terms for enumerators
 +
 
 +
| ToR Consultants:
 +
*[[:File:Terms of Reference for a Baseline Study at Murunda Rutsiro Project Site.pdf|ToR Baseline Study (Rwanda PSP Hydro)]]
 +
*[[:File:Termes de référence enquêteurs.pdf|ToR Survey french version]]
  
|
 
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 +
| Selection of Consultant / Enumerators
 
|  
 
|  
| Selection Consultant/ Enumerators
+
*Consultants
|
 
*<font size="2">Consultants</font>
 
  
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|-
 
|-
 +
| Study documents and statistics on national development goals and policies, national sector goals and policies, BMZ goals and concept for the partner country
 
|  
 
|  
| Study of available documents and statistics on national development goals and policies, national sector goals and policies, BMZ goals and concept for the partner country
+
*Checklist on relevant development goals
|
 
*<font size="2">Checklist on relevant development goals</font>
 
  
 
|  
 
|  
*[http://www.energyandenvironment.undp.org/undp/index.cfm?module=Library&page=Document&DocumentID=5761 Energy Services for the Millennium Development Goals]  
+
*UNDP [http://www.energyandenvironment.undp.org/undp/index.cfm?module=Library&page=Document&DocumentID=5761 Energy Services for the Millennium Development Goals]
*[http://www.bmz.de/en/issues/energie/energieeffizienz/index.html Sustainable Energy for Development (BMZ)]
+
*BMZ [http://www.bmz.de/en/issues/energie/energieeffizienz/index.html Sustainable Energy for Development]
  
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <font size="2">Developing of Results Chains/ Indicators</font>
+
Developing of Results Chains/ Indicators (consider undesired side effects being positive or negative)
 +
 
 
|  
 
|  
*[[MDGs and Result Chains|<font size="2">Sample Results Chain</font>]]  
+
*[[Millennium_Development_Goals_(MDGs)_and_Result_Chains|Sample Results Chain]]
*[[Recommendation|<font size="2">Impact Criteria and&nbsp;indicators</font>]]
+
*[[Indicator Rural Electrification and Stoves|Impact Criteria and indicators]]
  
 
|  
 
|  
*[http://www.endev.info/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=175&&Itemid=13 IA Guide by EnDev]  
+
Cooking:
*[http://www.endev.info/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=381 Cooking Energy Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators]
+
*[[:File:Impacts - Observation Fields and Indicators.doc|Energy Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators]]
 +
*IA Kenya: [[:file:Example of Improved Cookstoves Result Chains in Kenya.doc|Result Chain]]
 +
*IA Ethiopia: [[:file:Results Chains for Ethiopia.pdf|Result Chain]]
 +
*IA Kenya: [[:File:Preparation Kenya - Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators.pdf|Model List of Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators]]
  
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 +
| Developing of Questionnaires, interview guidelines, PRA tools (MAPP), observation criteria and other tools [[Catalogue of Methods for Impact Studies|(catalogue of methods)]]
 
|  
 
|  
| <font size="2">Developing of Questionnaires, interview guidelines, PRA tools (MAPP), observation criteria and other tools</font>&nbsp;
+
*[[Interviews / Discussions - Qualitative Methods|Questionnaires for HH (stoves), stove producers, social institutions and restaurants using ICS]]
 +
*[[Interviews / Discussions - Qualitative Methods|PRA tools for focus group discussions (MAPP)]]
 +
*[[Interviews / Discussions - Qualitative Methods|Interview guidelines for village authorities]]
 +
*[[Interviews / Discussions - Qualitative Methods|Observation criteria for stoves in use (example lists of good cooking practices and of stove conditions)]]
 +
 
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">Questionnaire</font>s for hh (stoves), stove producers, social institutions and restaurants using ICS
+
[[Materials for Quantitative Methods|Example Questionnaires]]
*PRA tools for focus group discussions (MAPP)
 
*Interview&nbsp;guidelines for village authorities
 
*Observation criteria for stoves in use (example lists of good cooking practices and of stove conditions)&nbsp;
 
  
|
+
([[Impact Studies Material#General|Impact Studies Material]])
*[[Examples Questionnaires|Examples Questionnaires, Guidelines &amp; Observation Criteria&nbsp;]]&nbsp;
 
  
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 +
| Sampling/ Selection target Group
 
|  
 
|  
| <font size="2">Sampling/ Selection target Group</font>
+
*[[Guidelines for Sampling/ Selection Criterias|Guidelines / Sampling & Selection Criterias]]
 +
*Poverty criteria for selection of HH
 +
 
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">[[Guidelines for Sampling/ Selection Criterias|Guidelines/ Selection Criterias]]</font>
+
*Kenya: [[:file:Selection Criteria.doc|Selection Criteria for HH, SI, PU and Producers IA]]
*Poverty criteria for selection of hh (example from local village authorities, Kenya)
+
*Kenya: [[:file:Example of Poverty Criteria for Selection of Households in Kenya.doc|Local Poverty criteria (example from local village authorities)]]
  
|
 
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
 +
| Training of Supervisors and Enumerators/ Pretesting
 
|  
 
|  
| <font size="2">Training of Supervisors and Enumerators/ Pretesting</font>
+
*Training Material
 +
*Training Agenda
 +
 
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">Training Material</font>
+
*Supervisors and Enumerators [[:file:Modèle recrutement formation enqueteurs.doc|Example Training Agenda]] (french version)
*<font size="2">Training Agenda</font>
+
*Kenya: [[:file:Pre-test of Household Questionnaire and Training of Enumerators in Kenya.doc|ICS Training of Enumerators]]
 +
 
 +
|}
  
|
+
<br/>
*[http://www.endev.info/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=511 Example Training Agenda Supervisors and Enumerators]
+
 
 +
 
 +
= Implementation =
  
|  
+
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="width: 100%"
 +
|-
 +
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Task'''
 +
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Materials/ Support'''
 +
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Library'''
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Step 2: Implementation</font>
+
| Logistics
| <font size="2">Logistics</font>
+
| Checklist on how to implement HH Interviews
|  
+
*[[Short Household Survey|H1: Short Household Survey]]
*[[Checklist on how to implement HH Interviews|<font size="2">Checklist on how to implement HH Interviews</font>]]
+
*[[Profound Household Survey|H2: Profound Household Survey]]
 +
*[[Qualitative Household Appraisal|H3: Qualitative Household Appraisal]]
  
 
|  
 
|  
<br>
+
<br/>
  
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
|  
+
| Conducting Interviews
| <font size="2">Conducting Interviews</font>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
*[http://www.endev.info/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=515 Manual Conducting Interviews (in french)]
+
*Manual [[:file:Example of Household Questionnaire.doc|Conducting Interviews]] (english version)
 +
*Manual [[:file:Example of Household Questionnaire (Fr).doc|Conducting Interviews]] (french version)
  
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
|  
+
| Data entry
| <font size="2">Data entry</font>
 
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
|}
 +
 +
<br/>
 +
 +
= Data Analysis / Reporting =
 +
 +
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="width: 100%;  height: 236px"
 +
|-
 +
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | Task
 +
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | Materials/ Support
 +
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | Library
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Step 3: Data Analysis/ Reporting</font>
+
| Data analysis
| <font size="2">Data analysis</font>
 
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">Guiding Question for data analysis</font>
+
*<font color="#002bb8">[[Guiding Questions for Data Analysis|Guiding Questions for Data Analysis]]</font>
  
 
|  
 
|  
*Kenya Stove: [http://www.endev.info/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=191 Guiding Question for data analysis]
+
*Kenya Stove HH: <font color="#002bb8">[[:File:Guideline Questions for Analysing Household Survey Data.doc|Guiding Questions for data analysis]]</font>
 +
*Kenya Stove Producer: [[:File:Guiding Questions for Cookstove Dealers for Analysing Data.doc|Guiding Question for data analysis]]
  
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
|  
+
| Data interpretation – in exchange with the project team (in a workshop)
| <font size="2">Data interpretation – in exchange with the project team (in a workshop)</font>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
*Checklist for data interpretation
 
*Checklist for data interpretation
  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
|-
 +
| Report writing (+ summary writing)
 +
|
 +
*Example for report summary
 +
*Example for ICS description (Annex)
 +
 
|  
 
|  
 +
*Kenya Stove HH: Example for [[:file:Example ics table of content report kenya.doc|report summary]]
 +
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| <font size="2">Report writing</font>
+
Handover of raw data
 +
 
 
|  
 
|  
*Example for report summary
+
<br/>
*Example for ICS description (Annex)
+
 
 +
<br/>
  
|
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|}
 
|}
  
<br>
+
<br/>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
= Further Information =
 +
 
 +
*[[Portal:Impacts|Impact Portal on energypedia]]
 +
*[[Monitoring_Glossary|Monitoring Glossary]]
 +
 
 +
<br/>
 +
 
 +
= References =
 +
 
 +
<references />
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Impacts]]
 +
[[Category:Monitoring]]

Latest revision as of 12:24, 11 September 2015

Overview

The Impact Monitoring Group of Energising Development has developed recommendations for sound impact assessments.

We recommend to:

  • use the recommended list of indicators
  • conduct baseline studies before project intervention and impact studies after households, social infrastructure or SMEs received access to modern energy
  • use a theory based approach by applying the result chain for developing the study design
  • use a mixed methods approach: the logic of the comparative advantages of methods: i.e. the mix of quantitative (standardised household interviews) and qualitative methods (open / semi-structured interviews with key persons and households or focus group discussions)
  • include, wherever possible, control groups (households which resemble those households with access to modern energy with the exception of this access) into your baseline and impact study
  • consider research ethics

The following tables show in more detail typical steps for baseline and impact studies, which we furthermore recommend and support.


Introduction

Development interventions are executed with the ultimate aim of changing the living situation in less developed countries. What is often thoroughly investigated are the inputs to a development intervention and its immediate outputs - how much money is spent, how many children are vaccinated, business trainings conducted or latrines installed. Assessing the impacts of a development intervention though - the aforementioned amelioration of living standards that can be attributed to a particular intervention - is part of a movement towards evidence-based development policy making and accountability. The central question to all impact evaluations "What is the causal effect of a programme on the variable of interest?" can be applied to various policy contexts.

Initial but crucial steps to every evaluation is the establishment of

  1. questions to be answered within the scope of the given evaluation;
  2. the theory of change, depicting how, in theory, the intervention is envisaged to achieve results;
  3. the result chain;
  4. hypothesis to be tested by the evaluation;
  5. performance indicators.

Taken together, the evaluators will hereby arrive at the specific questions to be phrased by the evaluation. Ideally, this will occur in the planning phase of the development intervention, thereby linking implementation and evaluation closely.



Preparation

Tasks Materials/ Support Library
Draft Terms of Reference for Consultants / Enumerators
  • Sample Terms for national / international consultants
  • Sample Terms for enumerators
ToR Consultants:
Selection of Consultant / Enumerators
  • Consultants
Study documents and statistics on national development goals and policies, national sector goals and policies, BMZ goals and concept for the partner country
  • Checklist on relevant development goals

Developing of Results Chains/ Indicators (consider undesired side effects being positive or negative)

Cooking:

Developing of Questionnaires, interview guidelines, PRA tools (MAPP), observation criteria and other tools (catalogue of methods)

Example Questionnaires

(Impact Studies Material)

Sampling/ Selection target Group
Training of Supervisors and Enumerators/ Pretesting
  • Training Material
  • Training Agenda



Implementation

Task Materials/ Support Library
Logistics Checklist on how to implement HH Interviews


Conducting Interviews
Data entry


Data Analysis / Reporting

Task Materials/ Support Library
Data analysis
Data interpretation – in exchange with the project team (in a workshop)
  • Checklist for data interpretation
Report writing (+ summary writing)
  • Example for report summary
  • Example for ICS description (Annex)

Handover of raw data





Further Information


References