Difference between revisions of "Impact Monitoring Guidelines"

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The focus of the EnDev 2 M&E Sytem has shifted from Outcome Monitoring (EnDev 1) to Outcome and Impact Monitoring (EnDev 2). Therefore the Monitoring Group has developed recommendations for a "proper" impact assessments.
+
= Overview =
  
We recommend to:
+
The Impact Monitoring Group of [[Energising Development (EnDev)|Energising Development]] has developed recommendations for sound impact assessments.
  
*use the recommended [[Indicator rural electrification and stoves|list of indicators]]  
+
<u>We recommend to:</u>
*conduct '''baseline studies '''before project intervention and impact studies after households, social infrastructure or SMEs&nbsp;got access to a form of modern energy  
+
*use the recommended [[Indicator Rural Electrification and Stoves|list of indicators]]
*use a [[Theory Based Approach|theory based approach]] by applying the result chain for developing the study design  
+
*conduct baseline studies before project intervention and impact studies after households, social infrastructure or SMEs received access to modern energy
*use&nbsp;a [[Mixed Methods|mixed methods approach]]:&nbsp;the logic of the comparative advantages of [[Methoden|methods]]: that means&nbsp;the mix of quantitative (standarised household interviews) and qualitative methods (open/ semi-structured&nbsp;interviews with key persons and households or focus group discussions)  
+
*use a [[Theory Based Approach|theory based approach]] by applying the result chain for developing the study design
*to include [[Control Groups|control groups]] if possible (households which do not have acces to modern energy) into your baseline and impact study&nbsp;
+
*use a [[Impact Evaluation - Mixed Methods|mixed methods approach]]: the logic of the comparative advantages of [[Catalogue of Methods for Impact Studies|methods]]: i.e. the mix of quantitative (standardised household interviews) and qualitative methods (open / semi-structured interviews with key persons and households or focus group discussions)
 +
*include, wherever possible, [[Control Groups|control groups]] (households which resemble those households with access to modern energy with the exception of this access) into your baseline and impact study
 +
*consider [[Research Ethics|research ethics]]
  
The following table shows typical steps for baseline and impact studies, which we would recommend and support.  
+
The following tables show in more detail typical steps for baseline and impact studies, which we furthermore recommend and support.
  
== 1. Preparation  ==
+
<br/>
  
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="95%" border="1"
+
= Introduction =
 +
 
 +
Development interventions are executed with the ultimate aim of changing the living situation in less developed countries. What is often thoroughly investigated are the inputs to a development intervention and its immediate outputs - how much money is spent, how many children are vaccinated, business trainings conducted or latrines installed. Assessing the impacts of a development intervention though - the aforementioned amelioration of living standards that can be ''attributed ''to a particular intervention - is part of a movement towards evidence-based development policy making and accountability. The central question to all impact evaluations "''What is the causal effect of a programme on the variable of interest?" ''can be applied to various policy contexts.
 +
 
 +
<u>Initial but crucial steps to every evaluation is the establishment of</u>
 +
#questions to be answered within the scope of the given evaluation;
 +
#the theory of change, depicting how, in theory, the intervention is envisaged to achieve results;
 +
#the result chain;
 +
#hypothesis to be tested by the evaluation;
 +
#performance indicators.
 +
 
 +
Taken together, the evaluators will hereby arrive at the specific questions to be phrased by the evaluation. Ideally, this will occur in the planning phase of the development intervention, thereby linking implementation and evaluation closely.
 +
 
 +
<br/>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
= Preparation =
 +
 
 +
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="width: 100%"
 
|-
 
|-
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | <span style="color: rgb(255,255,255)">'''Tasks''' </span>
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Tasks'''
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | <span style="color: rgb(255,255,255)">'''Materials/ Support''' </span>
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Materials/ Support'''
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | <span style="color: rgb(255,255,255)">'''Library''' </span>
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Library'''
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Terms for Consultants/ Enumerators</font>
+
| Draft Terms of Reference for Consultants / Enumerators
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">Sample Terms</font> for national / international consultants  
+
*Sample Terms for national / international consultants
*Sample Terms for enumerators&nbsp;
+
*Sample Terms for enumerators
  
| ToR Consultants:<br>
+
| ToR Consultants:
*[http://www.energypedia.info/images/5/52/Example_rwi_baseline_for_repro_tor_is_2008-11-18.pdf Tor Baseline Study (Rwanda PSP Hydro)&nbsp;]  
+
*[[:File:Terms of Reference for a Baseline Study at Murunda Rutsiro Project Site.pdf|ToR Baseline Study (Rwanda PSP Hydro)]]
*[http://www.energypedia.info/index.php/File:Example_terms_survey_french.pdf ToR Survey french version]
+
*[[:File:Termes de référence enquêteurs.pdf|ToR Survey french version]]
*[http://www.energypedia.info/images/a/a9/Example_terms_of_reference_local_expert_18122007.doc ToR Evaluation english version]
 
*[[Library Further Documents|Further Documents]]
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| Selection Consultant/ Enumerators  
+
| Selection of Consultant / Enumerators
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">Consultants</font>
+
*Consultants
  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
 
|-
 
|-
| Study of available documents and statistics on national development goals and policies, national sector goals and policies, BMZ goals and concept for the partner country  
+
| Study documents and statistics on national development goals and policies, national sector goals and policies, BMZ goals and concept for the partner country
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">Checklist on relevant development goals</font>
+
*Checklist on relevant development goals
  
 
|  
 
|  
*UNDP&nbsp;[http://www.energyandenvironment.undp.org/undp/index.cfm?module=Library&page=Document&DocumentID=5761 Energy Services for the Millennium Development Goals]  
+
*UNDP [http://www.energyandenvironment.undp.org/undp/index.cfm?module=Library&page=Document&DocumentID=5761 Energy Services for the Millennium Development Goals]
*BMZ&nbsp;[http://www.bmz.de/en/issues/energie/energieeffizienz/index.html Sustainable Energy for Development]
+
*BMZ [http://www.bmz.de/en/issues/energie/energieeffizienz/index.html Sustainable Energy for Development]
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Developing of Results Chains/ Indicators</font>
 
 
|  
 
|  
*[[MDGs and Result Chains|<font size="2">Sample Results Chain</font>]]
+
Developing of Results Chains/ Indicators (consider undesired side effects being positive or negative)
*<font size="2">[[Indicator rural electrification and stoves|Impact Criteria and&nbsp;indicators]]</font>
 
  
 
|  
 
|  
Rural Electrifciation:
+
*[[Millennium_Development_Goals_(MDGs)_and_Result_Chains|Sample Results Chain]]
 +
*[[Indicator Rural Electrification and Stoves|Impact Criteria and indicators]]
  
*[http://www.energypedia.info/index.php/File:Example_result_chains_de.pdf Result Chain german version]
+
|
*[http://www.energypedia.info/index.php/File:Example_result_chains_en.pdf Result Chain engl. version]
+
Cooking:
*[http://www.energypedia.info/index.php/File:Example_result_chains_fr.pdf Result Chain french version]
+
*[[:File:Impacts - Observation Fields and Indicators.doc|Energy Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators]]
 
+
*IA Kenya: [[:file:Example of Improved Cookstoves Result Chains in Kenya.doc|Result Chain]]
Cooking:<br>
+
*IA Ethiopia: [[:file:Results Chains for Ethiopia.pdf|Result Chain]]
 
+
*IA Kenya: [[:File:Preparation Kenya - Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators.pdf|Model List of Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators]]
*[http://www.energypedia.info/images/4/4a/Impacts_-_observation_fields_and_indicators.doc Energy Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators]  
 
*IA Kenya: [http://www.energypedia.info/images/d/d0/Example_ics_results_chains_kenya.doc Result Chain]  
 
*IA Ethiopia: [http://www.energypedia.info/index.php/File:Results_chains_ethiopia.pdf Result Chain]  
 
*IA Kenya: [http://www.energypedia.info/index.php/File:Preparation_kenya_-_impacts,_observation_fields_and_indicators.pdf Model List of Impacts, Observation Fields and Indicators]
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Developing of Questionnaires, interview guidelines, PRA tools (MAPP), observation criteria and other tools [[Methoden|(catalogue of methods)]]</font>
+
| Developing of Questionnaires, interview guidelines, PRA tools (MAPP), observation criteria and other tools [[Catalogue of Methods for Impact Studies|(catalogue of methods)]]
 
|  
 
|  
*[[Quantitative Methods|<font size="2">Questionnaire</font>s for&nbsp;HH (stoves), stove producers, social institutions and restaurants using ICS]]  
+
*[[Interviews / Discussions - Qualitative Methods|Questionnaires for HH (stoves), stove producers, social institutions and restaurants using ICS]]
*[[Qualitative Methods|PRA tools for focus group discussions (MAPP)]]  
+
*[[Interviews / Discussions - Qualitative Methods|PRA tools for focus group discussions (MAPP)]]
*[[Qualitative Methods|Interview&nbsp;guidelines for village authorities]]  
+
*[[Interviews / Discussions - Qualitative Methods|Interview guidelines for village authorities]]
*[[Qualitative Methods|Observation criteria for stoves in use (example lists of good cooking practices and of stove conditions)&nbsp;]]
+
*[[Interviews / Discussions - Qualitative Methods|Observation criteria for stoves in use (example lists of good cooking practices and of stove conditions)]]
  
 
|  
 
|  
[[Materials for Quantitative Methods|Example Questionnaires]]  
+
[[Materials for Quantitative Methods|Example Questionnaires]]
 
 
[[Guidelines and materials for qualitative methods|PRA tools, Interview Guidelines, Observation criteria&nbsp;etc.]]
 
 
 
<br>
 
  
 
([[Impact Studies Material#General|Impact Studies Material]])
 
([[Impact Studies Material#General|Impact Studies Material]])
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Sampling/ Selection target Group</font>
+
| Sampling/ Selection target Group
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">[[Guidelines for Sampling/ Selection Criterias|Guidelines / Sampling &amp; Selection Criterias]]</font>
+
*[[Guidelines for Sampling/ Selection Criterias|Guidelines / Sampling & Selection Criterias]]
*Poverty criteria for selection of&nbsp;HH
+
*Poverty criteria for selection of HH
  
 
|  
 
|  
*Kenya:&nbsp;[http://www.energypedia.info/images/d/de/Selection_criteria_v2.doc Selection Criteria for HH, SI, PU and Producers IA]&nbsp;
+
*Kenya: [[:file:Selection Criteria.doc|Selection Criteria for HH, SI, PU and Producers IA]]
*Kenya: [http://www.energypedia.info/images/5/59/Example_local_poverty_criteria_kenya.doc Local Poverty criteria (example from local village authorities)]
+
*Kenya: [[:file:Example of Poverty Criteria for Selection of Households in Kenya.doc|Local Poverty criteria (example from local village authorities)]]
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Training of Supervisors and Enumerators/ Pretesting</font>
+
| Training of Supervisors and Enumerators/ Pretesting
 
|  
 
|  
*<font size="2">Training Material</font>
+
*Training Material
*<font size="2">Training Agenda</font>
+
*Training Agenda
  
 
|  
 
|  
*Supervisors and Enumerators&nbsp;[http://www.energypedia.info/images/a/ae/Mod%C3%A8le_recrutement_formation_enqueteurs.doc Example Training Agenda]&nbsp;(french version)&nbsp;
+
*Supervisors and Enumerators [[:file:Modèle recrutement formation enqueteurs.doc|Example Training Agenda]] (french version)
*Kenya: [http://www.energypedia.info/images/c/c3/Example_ics_training_of_enumerators_kenya.doc ICS Training of Enumerators]
+
*Kenya: [[:file:Pre-test of Household Questionnaire and Training of Enumerators in Kenya.doc|ICS Training of Enumerators]]
  
 
|}
 
|}
  
<font size="2"></font>&nbsp;
+
<br/>
  
== 2.&nbsp;Implementation  ==
 
  
<br>
+
= Implementation =
  
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="95%" border="1"
+
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="width: 100%"
 
|-
 
|-
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | <span style="color: #ffffff">'''Task'''</span>
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Task'''
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | <span style="color: #ffffff">'''Materials/ Support'''</span>
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Materials/ Support'''
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | <span style="color: #ffffff">'''Library'''</span>
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | '''Library'''
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Logistics</font>
+
| Logistics
| <font size="2">Checklist on how to implement HH Interviews</font><br>
+
| Checklist on how to implement HH Interviews
*[[Short_Household_Survey|<font color="#002bb8">H1: Short Household Survey</font>]]  
+
*[[Short Household Survey|H1: Short Household Survey]]
*[[Profound_Household_Survey|<font color="#002bb8">H2: Profound Household Survey</font>]]  
+
*[[Profound Household Survey|H2: Profound Household Survey]]
*[[Qualitative_Household_Appraisal|<font color="#002bb8">H3: Qualitative Household Appraisal</font>]]
+
*[[Qualitative Household Appraisal|H3: Qualitative Household Appraisal]]
  
 
|  
 
|  
<br>&nbsp;
+
<br/>
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Conducting Interviews</font>
+
| Conducting Interviews
| &nbsp;
 
 
|  
 
|  
*Manual [http://www.energypedia.info/images/a/a8/Example_hhquest_introduction_en.doc <font color="#002bb8">Conducting Interviews</font>&nbsp;](english version)&nbsp;
+
|
*Manual [http://www.energypedia.info/images/c/c2/Exemple_hhquest_introduction_enqu%C3%AAteurs_fr.doc <font color="#002bb8">Conducting Interviews</font>&nbsp;](french version)&nbsp;
+
*Manual [[:file:Example of Household Questionnaire.doc|Conducting Interviews]] (english version)
 +
*Manual [[:file:Example of Household Questionnaire (Fr).doc|Conducting Interviews]] (french version)
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Data entry</font>
+
| Data entry
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
 
|}
 
|}
  
&nbsp;
+
<br/>
  
== 3.&nbsp;Data Analysis/ Reporting ==
+
= Data Analysis / Reporting =
  
{| width="95%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1"
+
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1" style="width: 100%;  height: 236px"
 
|-
 
|-
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | '''<span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Task</span>'''
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | Task
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | '''<span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Materials/ Support</span>'''
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | Materials/ Support
| bgcolor="#0000ff" | '''<span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Library</span>'''
+
| style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 102)" | Library
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Data analysis</font>
+
| Data analysis
 
|  
 
|  
*<font color="#002bb8">[[Guiding_Questions_for_data_analysis|<font size="2">Guiding Questions for data analysis</font>&nbsp;]]</font>
+
*<font color="#002bb8">[[Guiding Questions for Data Analysis|Guiding Questions for Data Analysis]]</font>
  
 
|  
 
|  
*Kenya Stove HH: <font color="#002bb8">[http://www.energypedia.info/images/4/48/Example_hh_guiding_questions_for_data_analysis_v2.doc Guiding Questions for data analysis]</font>  
+
*Kenya Stove HH: <font color="#002bb8">[[:File:Guideline Questions for Analysing Household Survey Data.doc|Guiding Questions for data analysis]]</font>
*Kenya Stove Producer: [http://www.energypedia.info/images/8/83/Stove_dealers_guiding_questions_for_data_analysis_v2.doc <font color="#002bb8">Guiding Question for data analysis</font>]
+
*Kenya Stove Producer: [[:File:Guiding Questions for Cookstove Dealers for Analysing Data.doc|Guiding Question for data analysis]]
  
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Data interpretation – in exchange with the project team (in a workshop)</font>
+
| Data interpretation – in exchange with the project team (in a workshop)
 
|  
 
|  
 
*Checklist for data interpretation
 
*Checklist for data interpretation
  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
 
|-
 
|-
| <font size="2">Report writing</font>
+
| Report writing (+ summary writing)
 
|  
 
|  
*Example for report summary  
+
*Example for report summary
 
*Example for ICS description (Annex)
 
*Example for ICS description (Annex)
  
 
|  
 
|  
*Kenya Stove HH: Example for [http://www.energypedia.info/images/e/e3/Example_ics_table_of_content_report_kenya.doc <font color="#002bb8">report summary</font>]
+
*Kenya Stove HH: Example for [[:file:Example ics table of content report kenya.doc|report summary]]
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
Handover of raw data
 +
 
 +
|
 +
<br/>
  
 +
<br/>
 +
 +
|
 
|}
 
|}
  
<br>&nbsp;
+
<br/>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
= Further Information =
 +
 
 +
*[[Portal:Impacts|Impact Portal on energypedia]]
 +
*[[Monitoring_Glossary|Monitoring Glossary]]
 +
 
 +
<br/>
 +
 
 +
= References =
 +
 
 +
<references />
  
 
[[Category:Impacts]]
 
[[Category:Impacts]]
 +
[[Category:Monitoring]]

Latest revision as of 12:24, 11 September 2015

Overview

The Impact Monitoring Group of Energising Development has developed recommendations for sound impact assessments.

We recommend to:

  • use the recommended list of indicators
  • conduct baseline studies before project intervention and impact studies after households, social infrastructure or SMEs received access to modern energy
  • use a theory based approach by applying the result chain for developing the study design
  • use a mixed methods approach: the logic of the comparative advantages of methods: i.e. the mix of quantitative (standardised household interviews) and qualitative methods (open / semi-structured interviews with key persons and households or focus group discussions)
  • include, wherever possible, control groups (households which resemble those households with access to modern energy with the exception of this access) into your baseline and impact study
  • consider research ethics

The following tables show in more detail typical steps for baseline and impact studies, which we furthermore recommend and support.


Introduction

Development interventions are executed with the ultimate aim of changing the living situation in less developed countries. What is often thoroughly investigated are the inputs to a development intervention and its immediate outputs - how much money is spent, how many children are vaccinated, business trainings conducted or latrines installed. Assessing the impacts of a development intervention though - the aforementioned amelioration of living standards that can be attributed to a particular intervention - is part of a movement towards evidence-based development policy making and accountability. The central question to all impact evaluations "What is the causal effect of a programme on the variable of interest?" can be applied to various policy contexts.

Initial but crucial steps to every evaluation is the establishment of

  1. questions to be answered within the scope of the given evaluation;
  2. the theory of change, depicting how, in theory, the intervention is envisaged to achieve results;
  3. the result chain;
  4. hypothesis to be tested by the evaluation;
  5. performance indicators.

Taken together, the evaluators will hereby arrive at the specific questions to be phrased by the evaluation. Ideally, this will occur in the planning phase of the development intervention, thereby linking implementation and evaluation closely.



Preparation

Tasks Materials/ Support Library
Draft Terms of Reference for Consultants / Enumerators
  • Sample Terms for national / international consultants
  • Sample Terms for enumerators
ToR Consultants:
Selection of Consultant / Enumerators
  • Consultants
Study documents and statistics on national development goals and policies, national sector goals and policies, BMZ goals and concept for the partner country
  • Checklist on relevant development goals

Developing of Results Chains/ Indicators (consider undesired side effects being positive or negative)

Cooking:

Developing of Questionnaires, interview guidelines, PRA tools (MAPP), observation criteria and other tools (catalogue of methods)

Example Questionnaires

(Impact Studies Material)

Sampling/ Selection target Group
Training of Supervisors and Enumerators/ Pretesting
  • Training Material
  • Training Agenda



Implementation

Task Materials/ Support Library
Logistics Checklist on how to implement HH Interviews


Conducting Interviews
Data entry


Data Analysis / Reporting

Task Materials/ Support Library
Data analysis
Data interpretation – in exchange with the project team (in a workshop)
  • Checklist for data interpretation
Report writing (+ summary writing)
  • Example for report summary
  • Example for ICS description (Annex)

Handover of raw data





Further Information


References