Serbia Energy Situation
Capital:
Belgrade
Region:
Coordinates:
44.016521° N, 21.005859° E
Total Area (km²): It includes a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.
84,990
Population: It is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin.
6,618,026 (2023)
Rural Population (% of total population): It refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
43 (2023)
GDP (current US$): It is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.
75,187,125,427 (2023)
GDP Per Capita (current US$): It is gross domestic product divided by midyear population
11,360.96 (2023)
Access to Electricity (% of population): It is the percentage of population with access to electricity.
100.00 (2022)
Energy Imports Net (% of energy use): It is estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
28.78 (2014)
Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption (% of total): It comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.
83.87 (2014)
Introduction
Serbia has been making efforts to increase its share of renewable energy in its energy mix. The country has set targets for the development of renewable energy sources, particularly in the areas of wind and solar power.
Serbia has been investing in wind energy projects, and several wind farms have been under development or already operational. The government has shown support for wind energy as a means to diversify the energy mix and reduce dependence on conventional sources.
Solar power projects have also gained attention, with the government implementing policies to encourage solar energy development. Solar farms and rooftop solar installations have been part of the renewable energy expansion plans.
Serbia has a long history of utilizing hydropower, and it continues to be an important part of the country's energy mix. Existing hydropower plants have been upgraded, and there have been discussions about the potential for new hydropower projects.
Energy Situation
| Technology | Grid Connection | Year | Capacity (MW) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solar photovoltaic | On-grid | 2022 | 11.94 |
| Solar photovoltaic | Off-grid | 2022 | 125.06 |
| Onshore wind energy | On-grid | 2022 | 398.00 |
| Renewable hydropower | On-grid | 2022 | 2353.99 |
| Mixed Hydro Plants | On-grid | 2022 | 129.00 |
| Pumped storage | On-grid | 2022 | 614.00 |
| Solid biofuels | On-grid | 2022 | 2.40 |
| Biogas | On-grid | 2022 | 33.70 |
| Fossil fuels n.e.s. | On-grid | 2022 | 4842.12 |
| Other non-renewable energy | On-grid | 2022 | 1.00 |
Energy Generation and Consumption
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity production [GWh] | 35.626 | 35.804 |
| Gross electricity consumption [GWh] | 32.318 | 36.43 |
| Consumption structure [GWh] / industrial, transport, services and other | 15.321 | 16.581 |
| Consumption structure [GWh] / households (residential customers) | 13.718 | 13.877 |
Net Import & Net Export
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Net imports [GWh] | 5.07 | 6.984 |
| Net exports [GWh] | 5.675 | 6.333 |
Energy Loses
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Losses in transmission [%] | 2,47% | 2.54% |
| Losses in distribution [%] | 11,10% | 10% |
Transmission network
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Horizontal transmission network [km] | 9861,8 | 9.622 |
| Horizontal transmission network [km] / substation capacity [MVA] | 31.958 | 30.846 |
No of consummers
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity customers / total | 3.690.708 | 3.725.580 |
| Electricity customers / non-households | 409.183 | 419.407 |
| Eligible customers under national legislation | 3.690.708 | 3.725.580 |
Internal Market
| Description of data [unit] | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| Internal market / electricity supplied to active eligible customers [MWh] | 14.267.000 | 15,231,000 |
| Horizontal transmission network [km] / substation capacity [MVA] | 49% | 50% |
Renewable Energy Potential
| Unit | Reference Case 2030 | Remap 2030 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total installed power generation capacity | MW | 8,472.00 | 12,588.00 |
| Renewable capacity | MW | 4,195.00 | 9,222.00 |
| Hydropower | MW | 2,941.00 | 2,941.00 |
| Wind - onshoore | MW | 1,026.00 | 1,796.00 |
| Biofuels solid, liqluid, gaseous) | MW | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Solar PV | MW | 54.00 | 898.00 |
| Geothermal | MW | 170.00 | 3,582.00 |
| Non-renewable capacity | MW | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Coal | MW | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Gas | MW | 198.00 | 198.00 |
| Technologies | Technical Potential MW |
|---|---|
| Solar PV | 6,901.7 |
| Wind | 29,670.0 |
| Hydro | 4,736.0 |
| ≤ 10 MW | 500.0 |
| > 10 MW | 4,236.0 |
| Pumping | 0.0 |
| Biomass | 1,671.0 |
| Biogas | 674.0 |
| Solid Biomass | 997.0 |
| Biowaste | 109.0 |
| Geothermal el. | 10.0 |
| Total | 42,988.7 |
As we can see, if Serbia would use its entire technical potential,ti would increase the generating power by 405%, and would be more than autoefficent of the WB6.
Fossil Fuels
Key Problems of the Energy Sector
Policy Framework, Laws and Regulations
In the Republic of Serbia, the production of electricity from renewable energy sources is mainly promoted through a feed-in tariff.
In the Republic of Serbia, the main support scheme for the production of electricity from renewable energy sources is a feed-in tariff, regulated by the Energy Law and special Decrees.
The plant operators need to obtain the status of a „privileged power producer“ („povlašćeni proizvođač električne energije“) in order to acquire the right to a price support for the generated electricity under the legal requirements. After having concluded a power purchase agreement with the plant operator, the guaranteed supplier Elektroprivreda Srbije is legally obliged to buy the specified amount of electric energy from privileged producers at an incentive price .
The amount of the feed-in tariff is determined in the Decree on Incentive Measures for Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy Sources and High-Efficiency Cogeneration of Electricity and Heat and it mainly depends on the type of RES technology.
Support schemes
The guaranteed supplier is statutorily obliged to purchase electricity from renewable energy sources at an incentive price.
