Field Evaluation of a Passive Aeration System for Aquaculture

Overview

Project	Field Evaluation of a Passive Aeration System for Aquaculture
Collaborators	BRAC Enterprises (Bangladesh) Curiositate
Location Applied	Bangladesh
Website	University of Toronto

Aquaculture is a large industry in many low income countries (LICs); fish farms account for about 5 percent of the GDP of Bangladesh. Improving the quality of aquaculture pond water has the potential to increase fish yields, raise incomes, and improve food security. In large aquaculture facilities, aeration has been shown to improve water quality and increase yields. However, aeration equipment is costly and requires electrical power inputs which can limit its use in LICs. Dissolved oxygen (DO) that is used by the fish is provided by photosynthesis, which is related to sunlight and takes place during daylight hours. The oxygen is produced at the pond surface and much oxygen is lost to the atmosphere. By circulating the water, more oxygen can be introduced.

Clean Energy Solution

The proposed solution is a new aeration method that does not require electricity, has few maintenance requirements with no moving parts, and is inexpensive to fabricate and deploy in LICs. The system uses heat that is captured through a solar thermal absorber plate and transferred to the bottom of the pond to heat the bottom water. The heated water will rise and mix the pond, spreading oxygen-rich water from the top through the entire depth of the pond. This increases the DO reservoir and can result in improved water quality and higher pond yields.

 

Impact

The system will allow for increased density of fish stock, yields of fish, as well as larger fish that have a higher market value and demand. Fish feed is also used more efficiently, which reduces feed and operation costs. The solution is an alternative to power-hungry aeration systems that consume a significant amount of energy and capital. For farmers not using aeration, the technology will provide all of the benefits described above. For farmers using aeration, replacing or supplementing existing devices can greatly decrease energy consumption for aquaculture.