Difference between revisions of "Uzbekistan Energy Situation"

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{{CES Country
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|CES Country Name=Uzbekistan
| align="center" colspan="4" | '''Uzbekistan'''
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|CES Country Capital=Tashkent
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|CES Country Region Europe and Central Asia = Europe & Central Asia
| &nbsp; [[Image:500px-Flag of Uzbekistan svg.png|175x88px|500px-Flag of Uzbekistan svg.png]]<br>
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|CES Country Coordinates=41.0000° N, 69.0000° E
| [[Image:Uzbekistan focused.png|185x156px|Uzbekistan focused.png]]<br>
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}}
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Capital
 
  
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&nbsp;Tashkent <ref>www.Wikipedia.org</ref>
 
  
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= Introduction =
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Official Language(s)
 
  
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Uzbekistan is located in the heart of Central Asia. The physical environment is diverse with flat desert covering 80% of the country and mountains in the east reaching over 4,500m high. Shrubland and savannah comprise 47% of the territory and 27% is comprised of cropland. It's climate is mainly continental with the average low temperature being 8.3°C and the average high temperature being 21.0°C <ref>CIA - The World Factbook</ref> Uzbekistan natural resources include natural gas, petroleum, and coal. Roughly 8.0% of Uzbekistan's land is covered by forest. The annual deforestation rate (between 2005-2010) was 0.12% <ref>FAO (2011): The State of the World's Forest</ref>
&nbsp;Uzbek; Karakalpak
 
  
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<br/>
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Government
 
  
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Uzbekistan is Central Asias most populous country with a population of 28 million inhabitants. 63% of the population lives in rural areas and 37% in cities. The GDP in 2010 was 39 billion US$ and and GDP growth over recent years remained at high levels of 7 to 9%. GDP per capita in 2010 was 1,400 US$. National income sources comprise of the following shares: agriculture (44%), industry (20%), and services: (36%) <ref>CIA - The World Factbook</ref> Uzbekistan's literacy rate is 99%. However, poverty is prevalent as 45% of the population lives on less than 1.25 USD per day.
&nbsp;Presidential Republik
 
  
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[[Uzbekistan Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
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President
 
  
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= Energy Situation =
&nbsp;Islam Karimov
 
  
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Uzbekistan is one of the few countries which are fully self-sufficient in energy resources. It is the second largest of the Caspian gas producers (after Turkmenistan) and its abundant natural gas resources are used both for domestic consumption and export. <ref>IEA (2009): World Energy Outlook.</ref><br/>Oil and natural gas comprise 97% of the country's energy balance. Primary energy shares consist of 86.3% gas, 1.9% hydro, 2.5% coal and peet, and 9.3% crude oil.
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Prime Minister
 
  
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Uzbekistan is the largest electricity producer in Central Asia. Total national electricity capacity is 12.6 GW (as of 2007), of which 88.5% is provided by thermal power plants and 11.5% by hydropower plants. The price of electricity runs at 3.5 US Cent/kWh.
&nbsp;Shavkat Mirziyoyev
 
  
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The national electrification rate is 94.4%, but electrical supply to rural areas is unreliable and of low quality. There are often power blackouts that last many hours per day. Renovating the power transmission networks is one of the energy sectors priorities.
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Total area in km2
 
  
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A National Energy Efficiency Strategy has been in place since 2001. Besides international initiatives, a campaign has been carried out to install meters for consumers of natural gas and hot water. As a result, energy intensity of GDP decreased by 10%, from 0.96 kgoe/$ in 2000 to 0.86 kgoe/$ in 2004, still considerably high levels. There is also an Energy Efficiency Programme for the period to 2010, targeting 50% energy savings in the household and utility sectors.
&nbsp;447,400
 
  
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[[Uzbekistan Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
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Population
 
  
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== Household Energy Situation ==
&nbsp;28,128,600 <ref>CIA - The World Factbook</ref>
 
  
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Percentage of energy types used for cooking in urban and rural areas
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Rural Population
 
  
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<br/>
&nbsp;17,721,018
 
  
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[[File:Uzbekistan Urban Share.jpg|354px|Uzbekistan Urban Share.jpg|alt=Uzbekistan Urban Share.jpg]][[File:Uzbekistan Rural Share.jpg|358px|Uzbekistan Rural Share.jpg|alt=Uzbekistan Rural Share.jpg]]
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Urban Population
 
  
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<br/>
&nbsp;10,407,582
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<div class="draft">The percentage of the population using solid fuels (charcoal, coal, cropwaste, dung and wood) as cooking energy:</div><div class="draft">National: 11.6%, Urban: 5.5%, Rural: 25.2%
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<br/>
  
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<u>'''Impact of use of solid fuel on health'''</u>
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</div>
Population Density per km²
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• Total annual deaths attributable to solid fuel use: 5300 persons<br/>• Percentage of national burden of diseases attributable to solid fuel use: 3.7%<br/><br/>
  
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[[Uzbekistan Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
&nbsp; 61.4
 
  
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== Potential for Renewables ==
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GDP (nominal)(million $US)
 
  
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Due to its abundance of energy, the development of renewable energy is not a high priority for the Government of Uzbekistan, except hydro power. Uzbekistan has 18 large hydroelectric stations.
&nbsp;25712.00
 
  
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High start-up costs, low gas and electricity prices, and the lack of renewable energy promoting policies are reasons for the limited use of renewable energy sources. Nonetheless, a law “On Renewable Energy Sources” has been drafted. The national strategy on the development of RES is being formulated with the assistance of UNDP.
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GDP per Capita (US$)
 
  
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Uzbekistan's climate conditions favor [[Portal:Solar|solar energy]]. There are 250 sunny days per year and the technically feasible potential of solar energy is 177 million toe (2 million GWh), which is much more than the national annual consumption. However, this potential energy source remains largely untapped due to high start-up costs.
&nbsp;945.60
 
  
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Uzbekistan also has a high potential for [[Basics_on_Biomass|biomass energy generation]] as it is the fourth largest producer of cotton in the world. However, fuel wood is not a prospective option for energy production because Uzbekistan has very little forest coverage.
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GNI per Capita (US$):
 
  
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Significantly, Uzbekistan has initiated 79 CDM project proposals of which 59 have already been approved.
&nbsp;948.30
 
  
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[[Uzbekistan Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
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Currency
 
  
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= Further Information =
&nbsp;Uzbekistan som (O'zbekiston so'mi) (UZS)<ref>www.Wikipedia.org</ref>
 
  
<br>
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*[[Portal:Countries|Country Portal on Energypedia]]
  
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= References =
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Time Zone
 
  
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<references />
&nbsp;UZT (UTC +5)
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[[Uzbekistan Energy Situation#toc|►Go to Top]]
  
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Calling Code
 
 
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&nbsp;+998
 
 
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{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="350" align="left" border="0"
 
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| __TOC__
 
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<div style="clear: both"></div>
 
== Geography and Climatic Conditions&nbsp;  ==
 
 
Uzbekistan is located in the heart of Central Asia. The physical environment is diverse with flat desert covering 80% of the country and mountains in the east reaching over 4,500m high. Shrubland and savannah comprise 47% of the territory and 27%&nbsp;is comprised of cropland.&nbsp;&nbsp;It's climate is mainly continental with the average&nbsp;low temperature&nbsp;being &nbsp;8.3°C&nbsp;and the average high temperature&nbsp;being&nbsp;21.0°C <ref>CIA - The World Factbook</ref>&nbsp;
 
 
Uzbekistan natural resources include&nbsp;natural gas, petroleum, and coal. Roughly 8.0% of Uzbekistan's land is&nbsp;covered by forest. The annual deforestation rate (between 2005-2010)&nbsp;was&nbsp;0.12% <ref>FAO (2011): The State of the World's Forest</ref><br>
 
 
== Socioeconomical Situation  ==
 
 
Uzbekistan is Central Asia's most populous country with&nbsp;a population of 28 million inhabitants. 63% of the population lives in rural areas and 37% in cities. Its literacy rate is 99%.
 
 
The GDP in 2010 was 39&nbsp;billion US$&nbsp;and GDP&nbsp;per capita was 1,400 US$. GDP growth over recent years remained at high levels&nbsp;of 7 to 9%.
 
 
National income sources comprise of the following shares: agriculture (44%), industry (20%), and&nbsp;services: (36%) <ref>CIA - The World Factbook</ref>
 
 
45% of the population&nbsp;lives on less than 1.25 USD per day.
 
 
<br>
 
 
= National Energy Situation  =
 
 
Uzbekistan is one of the few countries, which are fully self-sufficient in energy resources. It is the second largest of the Caspian gas producers, after Turkmenistan and its abundant natural gas resources are used both for domestic consumption and export. <ref>IEA (2009): World Energy Outlook.</ref><br>Oil and natural gas&nbsp; comprise 97% of the country's energy balance.&nbsp;Primary energy shares consist of 86.3% gas, 1.9% hydro, 2.5% coal and peet, and 9.3% crude oil.
 
 
Uzbekistan is the largest electricity producer&nbsp;in Central Asia.&nbsp;Total national electricity capacity is 12.6 GW (as of 2007), of which 88.5% is provided by thermal power plants and 11.5% by hydrop power plants. The price of electricity runs at 3.5 US Cent/kWh.
 
 
The national electrification rate is &nbsp;94.4%, but electrical supply to rural areas is&nbsp;unreliable and of low quality. There are often power blackouts that last many hours per day.&nbsp; Renovating the power transmission networks is one of the energy sectors priorities.
 
 
A National Energy Efficiency&nbsp;Strategy has been in place since 2001. Besides international initiatives a campaign has been carried out to install meters for consumers of natural gas and hot water. As a result, energy intensity of GDP decreased by 10%, from 0.96 kgoe/$ in 2000 to 0.86 kgoe/$ in 2004, still considerably high levels. There is also an Energy Efficiency Programme for the period to 2010, targeting 50% energy savings in the household and utility sectors.
 
 
&nbsp;
 
 
'''Potential for Renewables'''
 
 
Due to its abundance of energy, the development of renewable energy is not a high priority&nbsp;for the Government of Uzbekistan, except hydro power. Uzbekistan&nbsp;has 18 large hydroelectric stations.
 
 
High start-up costs, low gas and elecricity prices, and the lack of renewable energy promoting&nbsp;policies are reasons for the limited use of&nbsp;renewable energy&nbsp;sources.Nonetheless, Uzbekistan's climate conditions favor solar energy. <span style="color: #ff0000">There are 250 sunny days per year. </span>
 
 
Uzbkeistan also has a high potential for biomass energy generation as it is the fourth largst producer of cotton in the world.
 
 
Fuelwood is not a prospective option for energy production because Uzbekistan has very little forest coverage.
 
 
<br>
 
 
Uzbekistan has initiated 79 CDM project proposals of which 59 have already been approved.
 
 
= Household Energy Situation  =
 
 
==== Share of Fuel Types  ====
 
 
[[Image:Uzbekistan Urban Share.jpg|415x303px|Uzbekistan Urban Share.jpg]]
 
 
<br>
 
 
[[Image:Uzbekistan Rural Share.jpg|418x297px|Uzbekistan Rural Share.jpg]]
 
 
&nbsp;
 
 
Fuel wood in the arid zones of Uzbekistan is often scarce as a result of deforestation and range degradation. Phasing out of energy subsidies has caused that livestock manure is used for heating and cooking, because alternative energy sources are no longer available or affordable. The country has used livestock manure in many traditional practices such as aerobic digestion (composting), anaerobic digestion (biodigesters), and as a direct application as organic fertilizer. <ref>Toerich K., et. al. (2008): Utilization of Agriculture Residues and Livestock wast in Uzbekistan</ref><br>
 
 
&nbsp;
 
 
== General Energy policy, Energy strategy  ==
 
 
A National EE Strategy has been in place since 2001. Besides international initiatives a campaign has been carried out to install meters for consumers of natural gas and hot water. As a result, energy intensity of GDP decreased by 10%, from 0.96 kgoe/$ in 2000 to 0.86 kgoe/$ in 2004, still considerably high levels. There is also an Energy Efficiency Programme for the period to 2010, targeting 50% energy savings in the household and utility sectors. <ref>INOGATE - Energy Portal: http://www.inogate.org/</ref>
 
 
<br>
 
 
== Specific strategies (Biomass, renewable energies, rural electrification, energy access strategy etc.)  ==
 
 
Currently the law “On Renewable Energy Sources” has been drafted. The national strategy on the development of RES is being formulated with the assistance of UNDP. <ref>INOGATE - Energy Portal: http://www.inogate.org/</ref>
 
 
<br>
 
 
= Relevant institutions and organisations  =
 
 
= Existing projects  =
 
 
<br>
 
 
= References  =
 
 
&nbsp; <references /><references /><references /><references /><references /><references /><references />
 
 
[[Category:Countries]]
 
 
[[Category:Uzbekistan]]
 
[[Category:Uzbekistan]]
 +
[[Category:Europe_and_Central_Asia]]

Latest revision as of 21:28, 10 July 2018

Uzbekistan
Flag of Uzbekistan.png
Location _______.png

Capital:

Tashkent

Region:

Coordinates:

41.0000° N, 69.0000° E

Total Area (km²): It includes a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.

448,924

Population: It is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin.

36,412,350 (2023)

Rural Population (% of total population): It refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.

49 (2023)

GDP (current US$): It is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.

90,889,149,307 (2023)

GDP Per Capita (current US$): It is gross domestic product divided by midyear population

2,496.11 (2023)

Access to Electricity (% of population): It is the percentage of population with access to electricity.

100.00 (2022)

Energy Imports Net (% of energy use): It is estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

-26.16 (2013)

Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption (% of total): It comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.

97.74 (2013)

Source: World Bank




Introduction

Uzbekistan is located in the heart of Central Asia. The physical environment is diverse with flat desert covering 80% of the country and mountains in the east reaching over 4,500m high. Shrubland and savannah comprise 47% of the territory and 27% is comprised of cropland. It's climate is mainly continental with the average low temperature being 8.3°C and the average high temperature being 21.0°C [1] Uzbekistan natural resources include natural gas, petroleum, and coal. Roughly 8.0% of Uzbekistan's land is covered by forest. The annual deforestation rate (between 2005-2010) was 0.12% [2]


Uzbekistan is Central Asias most populous country with a population of 28 million inhabitants. 63% of the population lives in rural areas and 37% in cities. The GDP in 2010 was 39 billion US$ and and GDP growth over recent years remained at high levels of 7 to 9%. GDP per capita in 2010 was 1,400 US$. National income sources comprise of the following shares: agriculture (44%), industry (20%), and services: (36%) [3] Uzbekistan's literacy rate is 99%. However, poverty is prevalent as 45% of the population lives on less than 1.25 USD per day.

►Go to Top

Energy Situation

Uzbekistan is one of the few countries which are fully self-sufficient in energy resources. It is the second largest of the Caspian gas producers (after Turkmenistan) and its abundant natural gas resources are used both for domestic consumption and export. [4]
Oil and natural gas comprise 97% of the country's energy balance. Primary energy shares consist of 86.3% gas, 1.9% hydro, 2.5% coal and peet, and 9.3% crude oil.

Uzbekistan is the largest electricity producer in Central Asia. Total national electricity capacity is 12.6 GW (as of 2007), of which 88.5% is provided by thermal power plants and 11.5% by hydropower plants. The price of electricity runs at 3.5 US Cent/kWh.

The national electrification rate is 94.4%, but electrical supply to rural areas is unreliable and of low quality. There are often power blackouts that last many hours per day. Renovating the power transmission networks is one of the energy sectors priorities.

A National Energy Efficiency Strategy has been in place since 2001. Besides international initiatives, a campaign has been carried out to install meters for consumers of natural gas and hot water. As a result, energy intensity of GDP decreased by 10%, from 0.96 kgoe/$ in 2000 to 0.86 kgoe/$ in 2004, still considerably high levels. There is also an Energy Efficiency Programme for the period to 2010, targeting 50% energy savings in the household and utility sectors.

►Go to Top

Household Energy Situation

Percentage of energy types used for cooking in urban and rural areas


Uzbekistan Urban Share.jpgUzbekistan Rural Share.jpg


The percentage of the population using solid fuels (charcoal, coal, cropwaste, dung and wood) as cooking energy:
National: 11.6%, Urban: 5.5%, Rural: 25.2%


Impact of use of solid fuel on health

• Total annual deaths attributable to solid fuel use: 5300 persons
• Percentage of national burden of diseases attributable to solid fuel use: 3.7%

►Go to Top

Potential for Renewables

Due to its abundance of energy, the development of renewable energy is not a high priority for the Government of Uzbekistan, except hydro power. Uzbekistan has 18 large hydroelectric stations.

High start-up costs, low gas and electricity prices, and the lack of renewable energy promoting policies are reasons for the limited use of renewable energy sources. Nonetheless, a law “On Renewable Energy Sources” has been drafted. The national strategy on the development of RES is being formulated with the assistance of UNDP.

Uzbekistan's climate conditions favor solar energy. There are 250 sunny days per year and the technically feasible potential of solar energy is 177 million toe (2 million GWh), which is much more than the national annual consumption. However, this potential energy source remains largely untapped due to high start-up costs.

Uzbekistan also has a high potential for biomass energy generation as it is the fourth largest producer of cotton in the world. However, fuel wood is not a prospective option for energy production because Uzbekistan has very little forest coverage.

Significantly, Uzbekistan has initiated 79 CDM project proposals of which 59 have already been approved.

►Go to Top

Further Information

References

  1. CIA - The World Factbook
  2. FAO (2011): The State of the World's Forest
  3. CIA - The World Factbook
  4. IEA (2009): World Energy Outlook.

►Go to Top