SPIS Toolbox - Loan Assessment: Assess Credit Risk and Collateral
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6. Loan Assessment: Assess Credit Risk and Collateral
Apart from “normal” credit risks applying to agricultural loans, such as variations related to external shocks and an irregular cash flow based on seasonality, financing SPIS brings additional challenges. These are mainly related to technological risks or risks in respect to operation and maintenance. Also, high initial investment costs increase the overall financial risk. Finally oversizing of the pumping system can be an issue.
When valuing assets for collateral, the view should be broadened by considering the whole farm as well as the overall family situation, and not only specifically the planned investment. The borrower should be encouraged to contribute with own capital and alternative collateral should be accepted by the financial operator. Panels of the solar powered irrigation systems can be used as collateral, if there is a market for second hand panels.
Since solar power is considered an environmental friendly technology, given that water is used adequately (SAFEGUARD WATER module), there is a scope for external public or donor funded guarantee schemes and subsidies form where producers can get access to finance. These opportunities should be actively explored and assessed.
Outcome/Product
- Family/farm balance sheet;
- Total value of collateral and/or types of guarantees;
- General risk analysis;
Data Requirements
Research, collect, analyze
- market for respective crops, inputs, etc.;
- availability of risk guarantee options / opportunities or insurance.
Compute, prepare
- valuation of farm (and family) assets and liabilities;
- revenue earned through agriculture production and other additional income generating activities, if any
- borrower’s own (capital) contribution;
- revenue of collateral and/or guarantee schemes;
- assessment of technology and O&M risk (DESIGN, SET UP, MAINTAIN).
People/Stakeholders
- Loan officers financing or planning to finance SPIS;
- Producer(s) / potential borrower(s);
- Management of Financial Service Providers (operational level);
- Public entities promoting and/or subsidizing SPIS initiatives;
- Sponsors.
Important Issues
- Look for alternative types of collateral (e.g. guarantee schemes) and assess if PV panels could be a guarantee.
- Minimize risk of theft or damage of the collateral (e.g. fencing of panels, guards, insurance).
- Minimize associated costs.
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