TUEWAS Toolbox - Distribution Planning

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• Distribution planning / Electrification master plan (4)
• Grid simulation studies (11)
• Protection coordination and adjustments (6)
• Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.) (6)
• Disaster management and resilience (4)

Distribution planning / Electrification master plan

ID Number	Year	Title	Author	Type of Entry	Main Category	Country	Location within Country	File	Reference project name	Journal or conference name	URL	Active management of distribution grid	Enabling distributing technologies	Market-based and Tariff-based solutions	Connection agreement solutions	Distribution planning	Operation and maintenance	Information exchange
8	2020	Distribution System / Rural Electrification Master Plan Nepal	Gesto Energy Consulting	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.				The overall objective of the Distribution System/Rural Electrification Master Plan assignment is to identify a least-cost and economically viable means to reinforce, upgrade and expand Nepal’s distribution system, including on- and off-grid options, to achieve universal access to electricity by 2023.	Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (small hydro)			Distribution planning / Electrification master plan
44	2022	Long-tailed distributions and electrification planning: why we need to model the long tail of large consumers	Lee, Stephen J.; Taneja, Jay	Article	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.energyforgrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Long-tailed-distributions-and-electrification-planning_-why-we-need-to-model-the-‘long-tail-of-large-consumers.pdf					Distribution planning / Electrification master plan
47	2022	Recommendations for the Planning of PV-Rich Distribution Networks: An Australian Case Study	Nacmanson, William J.; Ochoa, Luis Nando	Article	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://electrical.eng.unimelb.edu.au/power-energy/projects/pv-rich-distribution-networks#resources	This paper consolidates the findings from the “Advanced Planning of PV-Rich Distribution Networks” project and provides a series of planning recommendations to help distribution companies in Australia, and internationally, take adequate planning actions that facilitate the widespread adoption of residential photovoltaic (PV) systems in a costeffective and practical manner. A set of considerations are presented to perform an advanced model-based approach for solar PV hosting capacity and potential solution assessments in distribution networks. A summary of the seven investigated complete solutions and their costs for the four Australian fullymodelled high-voltage (HV) and corresponding attached lowvoltage (LV) feeders, forming integrated HV-LV feeders (including urban and rural), are presented, considering PV penetrations in both the short-to-medium and long terms. The uploaded paper was accepted, not yet published. Check URL for the latest version of the paper.	Distributed generation (solar)			Distribution planning / Electrification master plan
80	2022	Unlocking the Potential of Distributed Energy Resources: Power system opportunities and best practices	International Energy Agency	Study Report	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.			https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/3520710c-c828-4001-911c-ae78b645ce67/UnlockingthePotentialofDERs_Powersystemopportunitiesandbestpractices.pdf	DERs can create new power system opportunities, but at the same time, can pose new challenges when a grid has not been properly prepared. Many jurisdictions are just beginning to understand how DERs fit into the wider energy landscape – what they are and what impacts they have on the grid, and how they can be used to improve system reliability and reduce overall energy costs. Meanwhile, other regions have built up experience with DERs, demonstrating that they can provide valuable services to the grid when incentivised with appropriate technologies, policies and regulations. Nonetheless, not all countries use the same electricity market model or are at the same stage of DER penetration, and the fit-for-purpose solutions will vary from place to place. This report reviews lessons from forerunners and distils best practices (with examples and case studies) to help policymakers, regulators and system operators across the globe understand what experience is most relevant to their own situation. Readers will be able to draw on a wide range of practical insights for electricity market design and regulation to help unlock the multiple grid benefits of DER technologies.	Battery Energy Storage Systems Electric vehicles Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (small hydro) Distributed generation (others)		VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)	Distribution planning / Electrification master plan

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Grid simulation studies

ID Number	Year	Title	Author	Type of Entry	Main Category	Country	Location within Country	File	Reference project name	Journal or conference name	URL	Active management of distribution grid	Enabling distributing technologies	Market-based and Tariff-based solutions	Connection agreement solutions	Distribution planning	Operation and maintenance	Information exchange
7	2021	Study on Project to Grid and Project to Project Interconnection of Micro Hydro	Practical Action Consulting Private Limited	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	Renewable Energy for Rural Areas II (RERA-II) project				Distributed generation (small hydro)		Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies
9	2021	Detailed Feasibility Study of Mini/Micro Hydropower Interconnected Mini Grid in Jumla	NEA Engineering Company Limited	Study Report	Distribution planning		Jumla	No file uploaded.	Renewable Energy for Rural Livelihood (RERL)			The project is focused on creating a mini grid by interconnecting several micro/mini hydropower in the vicinity of Jumla Bazar. Till date, Jumla Bazar is deprived of grid electricity. The expansion of electrical grid in Karnali Province is ongoing. National grid has been extended till Manma bazar. Karnali Provincial Office, Surkhet is extending the 33 kV lines under Dailekh Chilkha Jumla 33 kV Transmission Line and Substation Project. Jumla is expected to be connected to the central grid within next Fiscal Year. However, the mini grid would be a suitable solution for the present time. The mini grid should be able to connect to national gird in the future.	Distributed generation (small hydro)	Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)	Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies
34	2020	Research Roadmap on Grid-Forming Inverters	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/73476.pdf	This report is intended to provide a comprehensive analysis of the challenges in integrating inverter-based resources and offer recommendations on potential technology pathways to inform the academic community, industry, and government research organizations. This roadmap attempted to envision the key short- and long-term research-and-development needs for inverter-based resource grid-forming controls, protection, and modeling as part of hybrid grids. Control Solutions		Inverter-specific aspects		Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
41	2019	An Overview of Distributed Energy Resource (DER) Interconnection: Current Practices and Emerging Solutions	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Study Report	Connection agreement solutions			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/72102.pdf	A comprehensive report. Includes sections: Interconnection Application Procedures and Management, Technical Screens for DER Interconnection, Advanced Inverters, IEEE 1547 (2003-2018), Strategies and Upgrades for Mitigating the Distribution System Impacts of DERs, Cost Allocation, Predicting Future DER Growth, Cybersecurity, and Storage and Solar + Storage Interconnection.		Inverter-specific aspects	Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies
45	2020	PV Generation Hosting Capacity in Dominican Distribution Grids	Energynautics	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://transicionenergetica.do/2021/07/29/pv-generation-hosting-capacity-in-dominican-distribution-grids-full-study-available-in-english-now/	this study analyses the maximum PV penetration levels on a number of representative, real distribution feeders in the Dominican Republic and provides recommendations to improve the current regulatory landscape for distributed generation. Control Solutions			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
46	2017	Do It Locally: Local Voltage Support by Distributed Generation – A Management Summary	Fraunhofer IWES	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	IEA Task 14 Subtask 2		https://iea-pvps.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Task_14_Report__Do_It_Locally_IEA_Final_T14.08.pdf	Recommendations based on research and field experience on local voltage support by distributed generation, including impact on grid operation and planning, and advantages and disadvantages for the different reactive power and active power control strategies, which can assist decision-making for the application of local voltage support by DG. Control Solutions			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Grid simulation studies
48	n/a	Advanced Planning of PV-Rich Distribution Networks	The University of Melbourne	Web Page	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://electrical.eng.unimelb.edu.au/power-energy/projects/pv-rich-distribution-networks#resources	In this website, you will find papers, reports and webinars with recommendations for advanced planning of PV-rich distribution networks.				Grid simulation studies
49	2017	Optimizing the Grid: Regulator’s Guide to Hosting Capacity Analyses	Interstate Renewable Energy Council	Guidelines	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://irecusa.org/resources/optimizing-the-grid-regulators-guide-to-hosting-capacity-analyses/	Utility regulators play a key role in ensuring hosting capacity analyses are deployed strategically, prudently and for the benefit of all energy customers. This guide will assist state regulators in guiding and overseeing utilities as they conduct hosting capacity analyses on their distribution circuits, as part of a broader grid modernization or distribution planning efforts and/or in support of their state’s near- and long-term energy policy goals. Please donwload file in the URL provided. User email required.	Battery Energy Storage Systems Distributed generation (solar)			Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies
51	2016	High-Penetration PV Integration Handbook for Distribution Engineers	Electrical Distribution Design; National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Guidelines	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	NREL/SCE Hi-Pen Project		https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy16osti/63114.pdf	This handbook was developed for practicing distribution system engineers working in North America. The handbook is written to present the potential impacts of high-penetration PV integration, provide model-based analysis approaches for determining the level of PV impact and suggest potential mitigation measures that could be taken to reduce PV impacts to distribution system engineers with a working knowledge of distribution systems planning and operations. While the focused development of the handbook has been distribution system engineers, it is the authors’ hope that this handbook will find as wide a usage as possible potentially including personnel at all positions at a utility, by PV developers, researchers and even energy customers wanting a better understanding of the distribution system. While the research that produced this handbook was focused on the integration of utility-scale PV system (1-5 MW) much of the information contained in the following pages is also relevant for the integration of large numbers of small PV systems as are found in some residential neighborhoods throughout the country.				Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
52	2007	Protection coordination planning with distributed generation	Qualsys Engco. Inc.	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/sites/www.nrcan.gc.ca/files/canmetenergy/files/pubs/2007-149e.pdf	This study presents and demonstrates a generalized assessment procedure for determining the impact of the integration of DG on the protection practices of distribution systems. The developed method enables arriving at the penetration limit for DG, considering the most important protection impacts in terms of DG size, location and technology. The assessment considers the impact on coordination, de-sensitisation, nuisance fuse blowing, bidirectional relay requirements, and the impact of interconnection transformers and grounding practices [2]. In Final Report – CETC-Varennes 2007-149 (TR) 2 June 2007 addition, special attention has been made to the islanded mode of operation. The method is demonstrated using different types of distribution system configuration (urban, suburban and rural) based upon Canadian benchmark systems.	Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (others)			Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
88	2017	Simulation of Hawaiian Electric Companies Feeder Operations with Advanced Inverters and Analysis of Annual Photovoltaic Energy Curtailment	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies		Hawaii	No file uploaded.	Task No. WRHV.1000		https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy17osti/68681.pdf		Distributed generation (solar)	Inverter-specific aspects	Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Grid simulation studies

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Protection coordination and adjustments

ID Number	Year	Title	Author	Type of Entry	Main Category	Country	Location within Country	File	Reference project name	Journal or conference name	URL	Active management of distribution grid	Enabling distributing technologies	Market-based and Tariff-based solutions	Connection agreement solutions	Distribution planning	Operation and maintenance	Information exchange
34	2020	Research Roadmap on Grid-Forming Inverters	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/73476.pdf	This report is intended to provide a comprehensive analysis of the challenges in integrating inverter-based resources and offer recommendations on potential technology pathways to inform the academic community, industry, and government research organizations. This roadmap attempted to envision the key short- and long-term research-and-development needs for inverter-based resource grid-forming controls, protection, and modeling as part of hybrid grids. Control Solutions		Inverter-specific aspects		Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
45	2020	PV Generation Hosting Capacity in Dominican Distribution Grids	Energynautics	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://transicionenergetica.do/2021/07/29/pv-generation-hosting-capacity-in-dominican-distribution-grids-full-study-available-in-english-now/	this study analyses the maximum PV penetration levels on a number of representative, real distribution feeders in the Dominican Republic and provides recommendations to improve the current regulatory landscape for distributed generation. Control Solutions			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
51	2016	High-Penetration PV Integration Handbook for Distribution Engineers	Electrical Distribution Design; National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Guidelines	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	NREL/SCE Hi-Pen Project		https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy16osti/63114.pdf	This handbook was developed for practicing distribution system engineers working in North America. The handbook is written to present the potential impacts of high-penetration PV integration, provide model-based analysis approaches for determining the level of PV impact and suggest potential mitigation measures that could be taken to reduce PV impacts to distribution system engineers with a working knowledge of distribution systems planning and operations. While the focused development of the handbook has been distribution system engineers, it is the authors’ hope that this handbook will find as wide a usage as possible potentially including personnel at all positions at a utility, by PV developers, researchers and even energy customers wanting a better understanding of the distribution system. While the research that produced this handbook was focused on the integration of utility-scale PV system (1-5 MW) much of the information contained in the following pages is also relevant for the integration of large numbers of small PV systems as are found in some residential neighborhoods throughout the country.				Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
52	2007	Protection coordination planning with distributed generation	Qualsys Engco. Inc.	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/sites/www.nrcan.gc.ca/files/canmetenergy/files/pubs/2007-149e.pdf	This study presents and demonstrates a generalized assessment procedure for determining the impact of the integration of DG on the protection practices of distribution systems. The developed method enables arriving at the penetration limit for DG, considering the most important protection impacts in terms of DG size, location and technology. The assessment considers the impact on coordination, de-sensitisation, nuisance fuse blowing, bidirectional relay requirements, and the impact of interconnection transformers and grounding practices [2]. In Final Report – CETC-Varennes 2007-149 (TR) 2 June 2007 addition, special attention has been made to the islanded mode of operation. The method is demonstrated using different types of distribution system configuration (urban, suburban and rural) based upon Canadian benchmark systems.	Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (others)			Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
53	2017	Protection coordination in distribution systems with and without distributed energy resources- a review	Singh, Manohar	Article	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.		Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems	https://pcmp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41601-017-0061-1	New protection coordination schemes are required for providing the adequate protection coordination for distributed energy resources connected electric power networks. In the available literature, the protection coordination schemes for radial distribution systems and developments in the area of protection coordination are discussed in detail. A thorough review for all these protection coordination schemes for distribution systems with and without distributed energy resources is done in this review article. It includes the analytical and artificial intelligence based techniques application for coordination of protective relays in the distribution systems. The limitations and research gaps in the area of protection coordination schemes are also presented in this review article. The aim of this research paper is to bring all the available research in the area of relay coordination on one platform, so that it will help the emerging researcher to identify the future scope of relay coordination application for distributed energy resources connected distribution systems.				Protection coordination and adjustments
76	2015	Guidelines for Implementing Advanced Distribution Management Systems. Requirements for DMS Integration with DERMS and Microgrids	Argonne National Laboratory	Guidelines	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.			https://publications.anl.gov/anlpubs/2015/08/120642.pdf	This guideline focuses on the integration of DMS with DERMS and microgrids connected to the distribution grid by defining generic and fundamental design and implementation principles and strategies. It starts by addressing the current status, objectives, and core functionalities of each system, and then discusses the new challenges and the common principles of DMS design and implementation for integration with DERMS and microgrids to realize enhanced grid operation reliability and quality power delivery to consumers while also achieving the maximum energy economics from the DER and microgrid connections. DERMS Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions		Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)		Protection coordination and adjustments

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Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)

ID Number	Year	Title	Author	Type of Entry	Main Category	Country	Location within Country	File	Reference project name	Journal or conference name	URL	Active management of distribution grid	Enabling distributing technologies	Market-based and Tariff-based solutions	Connection agreement solutions	Distribution planning	Operation and maintenance	Information exchange
19	2020	Data Model and Data Acquisition for PV registration schemes and grid connection evaluations – Best Practice and Recommendations	IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme Task 1 and 14 Members	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.	IEA PVPS Task 1 & Task 14		https://iea-pvps.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/2020_11_30-PVPS-T1-T14-Data-Model-for-PV-Systems.pdf	This report shows how different countries deal with the DER data collection, with a focus on PV systems. This report also provides a complete overview of all the relevant aspects that need to be addressed and foresee information that will be relevant in the future. ISBN 978-3-906042-98-5 Monitoring Solutions	Distributed generation (solar)				Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
54	n/a	AEMO DER Register	Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO)	Web Page	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://aemo.com.au/energy-systems/electricity/der-register	This is AEMO's website with information on Austalia's DER Register. The DER Register is a database of information about DER devices installed in the NEM that is foundational to AEMO’s Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Program. The visibility of installed DER devices allows AEMO to better manage the electricity grid and ensure reliable, secure and affordable energy for all Australians. The DER Register stores information about a DER device installed on-site at a residential or business location. This information will be requested by Network Services Providers (or network operators) from qualified electrical contractors and solar installers at the time of the DER installation.	Battery Energy Storage Systems Electric vehicles Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (small hydro) Distributed generation (others)				Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
55	2020	Data Model and Data Acquisition for PV registration schemes and grid connection evaluations – Best Practice and Recommendations	IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Task 1 and 14 members	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Task 1 and 14		https://iea-pvps.org/key-topics/data-model-and-data-acquisition-for-pv-registration-schemes-and-grid-connection-best-practice-and-recommendations/	This report shows how different countries deal with the DER data collection, with a focus on PV systems. This report also provides a complete overview of all the relevant aspects that need to be addressed and foresee information that will be relevant in the future. A growing trend towards centralised databases can be observed, in several countries, the owner of DER are obliged to register their systems in a central database and to keep this register up to date. However, the data model and thereby the level of detail in the individual registers varies a lot. Data of PV plants are necessary for a range of use cases. Policy makers should know the impact of policies on the market, FIT agencies must know exactly which system produces how much energy, and system operators must be able to calculate the impact of the PV system to their grid, to name just a few. In this report, the different use cases are addressed and recommendations for the implementation of a database are given.	Distributed generation (solar)				Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
89	n/a	Embedded capacity register	Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks	Web Page	Distribution planning		South of England, North of Scotland	No file uploaded.			https://www.ssen.co.uk/our-services/tools-and-maps/embedded-capacity-register/	Register for generation and storage resources above 1MW connected to the distribution system.					Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
95	2020	GPS based GIS survey and mapping as a pilot project for 1 feeder of Bhaktapur substation	Comtroncis Pvt. Ltd	Study Report	Distribution planning		Nagarkot	No file uploaded.	Nepal Energy Efficiency Program III								Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
96	2018	Upgradation, Implementation and Piloting of Online Data Portal for NEA's Distribution System	Upveda Technology Pvt. Ltd	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	Nepal Energy Efficiency Programme 3			Monitoring Solutions					Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)

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Disaster management and resilience

ID Number	Year	Title	Author	Type of Entry	Main Category	Country	Location within Country	File	Reference project name	Journal or conference name	URL	Active management of distribution grid	Enabling distributing technologies	Market-based and Tariff-based solutions	Connection agreement solutions	Distribution planning	Operation and maintenance	Information exchange
56	2022	Making urban power distribution systems climate-resilient	Yue, Yunfeng (ADB)	Article	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/799071/sawp-093-urban-power-distribution-systems-climate-resilient.pdf	This working paper investigates solutions that can contribute to building a strong, robust, and resilient power distribution network. First, it describes the major internal and external risks and challenges that urban power systems face. The paper outlines vulnerabilities against the main features of building resilient power distribution networks. Second, it puts forward a range of detailed solutions based on case studies that highlight the capacity of risk perception, system flexibility, hardware endurance, emergency response, and outage recovery. Third, it describes the role of renewable energy and microgrid in improving the resilience of future power distribution networks.		Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)			Disaster management and resilience
57	2019	Stronger Power: Improving Power Sector Resilience to Natural Hazards	The World Bank	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/31910/Stronger-Power-Improving-Power-Sector-Resilience-to-Natural-Hazards.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y	This paper, prepared as a sectoral note for the Lifelines report on infrastructure resilience, investigates the vulnerability of the power system to natural hazards and climate change, and provides recommendations to increase its resilience. It first describes how power outages are often the consequence of natural disasters and outlines the main vulnerabilities of the power sector. It then proposes a range of approaches and solutions for building a more resilient power sector – from increased robustness to greater flexibility – showing that the additional cost of resilience is not high if resources are well spent. Finally, it describes how emergency preparedness and disaster recovery encompass not only technical aspects, like asset strengthening or criticality analysis, but also “softer” skills, like governance, regulatory or capacity building, and education.					Disaster management and resilience
58	2016	Climate Change and the Electricity Sector: Guide for Assessing Vulnerabilities and Developing Resilience Solutions to Sea Level Rise	U.S. Department of Energy	Guidelines	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			http://www.ourenergypolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Climate-Change-and-the-Electricity-Sector-Guide-for-Assessing-Vulnerabilities-and-Developing-Resilience-Solutions-to-Sea-Level-Rise-July-2016.pdf	This report was prepared to provide guidance for analyzing climate resilience challenges and opportunities in the power sector. The document is intended to be relevant to public and private sector stakeholders―particularly, the electricity sector―who are interested in evaluating how climate change hazards may impact the ability to provide service and implement measures to enhance resilience to climate change. The reference is limited to coastal climate hazards of flooding and permanent inundation due to SLR, as well as flooding from storm surge associated with extreme storm events. The document includes examples of climate resilience challenges and opportunities related to generation, transmission, and distribution assets, recognizing that the affected sectors may have different responsibilities for different types of assets or portions of the overall electricity system. This report provides principles that are meant to apply broadly to key aspects of any climate resilience analysis rather than instructions for a specific analysis. It also includes general reference on how to estimate the costs and benefits of resilience measures but does not serve as a manual for calculating economic benefits of resilience measures.					Disaster management and resilience
59	2019	Extreme Weather and Climate Vulnerabilities of the Electric Grid: A Summary of Environmental Sensitivity Quantification Methods	Oak Ridge National Laboratory	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/09/f67/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_EIS_Response.pdf	Climate hazards and extreme weather affect all components of the electric grid system, from generation to end use. Increasing temperatures, decreasing water availability, more intense storm events, and sea level rise affect the ability of the electric grid to produce and transmit electricity from fossil, nuclear, and existing and emerging renewable energy sources. Most electricity infrastructure is built for past or current climate conditions. Due to long lifetimes, electricity systems are likely to be exposed more frequently to more extreme climate conditions than those for which they were designed, and may not operate as intended under changing climate conditions. Utilities, regulators, state energy offices, and other electricity system planners are beginning to conduct environmental risk assessments, develop climate resilience plans, and incorporate changing climate conditions into long-term planning processes. Here, we highlight the analytical resources available for sensitivity assessment of electrical grid components under extreme weather and climate, and identify gaps in the literature on quantitative methods available for assessment of component vulnerability.					Disaster management and resilience

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